хрипам
Bulgarian
Etymology
Probably an expressive variant with initial x- of standard рипам (ripam) < *rypati, possibly affected by Proto-Slavic *xrępati (“to clap, to thump”) whence dial. Russian хря́пать (xrjápatʹ) (expected would be Bulgarian **хрепам (**hrepam)).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈxripɐm]
Verb
хри́пам • (hrípam) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective хри́пна)
- (dialectal) Alternative form of ри́пам (rípam, “to pounce”)
Conjugation
Conjugation of хри́пам (conjugation 3, imperfective, intransitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | хри́пащ hrípašt |
хри́пал, хрипа́л1 hrípal, hripál1 |
хри́пал hrípal |
— | хри́пайки hrípajki | |
| definite subject form | хри́пащият hrípaštijat |
хри́палият, хрипа́лият1 hrípalijat, hripálijat1 |
— | — | |||
| definite object form | хри́пащия hrípaštija |
хри́палия, хрипа́лия1 hrípalija, hripálija1 |
— | — | |||
| feminine | indefinite | хри́паща hrípašta |
хри́пала, хрипа́ла1 hrípala, hripála1 |
хри́пала hrípala |
— | ||
| definite | хри́пащата hrípaštata |
хри́палата, хрипа́лата1 hrípalata, hripálata1 |
— | — | |||
| neuter | indefinite | хри́пащо hrípašto |
хри́пало, хрипа́ло1 hrípalo, hripálo1 |
хри́пало hrípalo |
— | хри́пане hrípane | |
| definite | хри́пащото hrípaštoto |
хри́палото, хрипа́лото1 hrípaloto, hripáloto1 |
— | — | хри́пането hrípaneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | хри́пащи hrípašti |
хри́пали, хрипа́ли1 hrípali, hripáli1 |
хри́пали hrípali |
— | хри́пания, хри́панета hrípanija, hrípaneta | |
| definite | хри́пащите hrípaštite |
хри́палите, хрипа́лите1 hrípalite, hripálite1 |
— | — | хри́панията, хри́панетата hrípanijata, hrípanetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | хри́пам hrípam |
хри́паш hrípaš |
хри́па hrípa |
хри́паме hrípame |
хри́пате hrípate |
хри́пат hrípat | |
| imperfect | хри́пах hrípah |
хри́паше hrípaše |
хри́паше hrípaše |
хри́пахме hrípahme |
хри́пахте hrípahte |
хри́паха hrípaha | |
| aorist | хри́пах, хрипа́х1 hrípah, hripáh1 |
хри́па, хрипа́1 hrípa, hripá1 |
хри́па, хрипа́1 hrípa, hripá1 |
хри́пахме, хрипа́хме1 hrípahme, hripáhme1 |
хри́пахте, хрипа́хте1 hrípahte, hripáhte1 |
хри́паха, хрипа́ха1 hrípaha, hripáha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and хри́пал/хрипа́л1 m, хри́пала/хрипа́ла1 f, хри́пало/хрипа́ло1 n, or хри́пали/хрипа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and хри́пал/хрипа́л1 m, хри́пала/хрипа́ла1 f, хри́пало/хрипа́ло1 n, or хри́пали/хрипа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and хри́пал/хрипа́л1 m, хри́пала/хрипа́ла1 f, хри́пало/хрипа́ло1 n, or хри́пали/хрипа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and хри́пал/хрипа́л1 m, хри́пала/хрипа́ла1 f, хри́пало/хрипа́ло1 n, or хри́пали/хрипа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and хри́пал m, хри́пала f, хри́пало n, or хри́пали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and хри́пал/хрипа́л1 m, хри́пала/хрипа́ла1 f, хри́пало/хрипа́ло1 n, or хри́пали/хрипа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and хри́пал/хрипа́л1 m, хри́пала/хрипа́ла1 f, хри́пало/хрипа́ло1 n, or хри́пали/хрипа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and хри́пал/хрипа́л1 m, хри́пала/хрипа́ла1 f, хри́пало/хрипа́ло1 n, or хри́пали/хрипа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and хри́пал m, хри́пала f, хри́пало n, or хри́пали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and хри́пал/хрипа́л1 m, хри́пала/хрипа́ла1 f, хри́пало/хрипа́ло1 n, or хри́пали/хрипа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and хри́пал/хрипа́л1 m, хри́пала/хрипа́ла1 f, хри́пало/хрипа́ло1 n, or хри́пали/хрипа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and хри́пал m, хри́пала f, хри́пало n, or хри́пали pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and хри́пал/хрипа́л1 m, хри́пала/хрипа́ла1 f, хри́пало/хрипа́ло1 n, or хри́пали/хрипа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and хри́пал/хрипа́л1 m, хри́пала/хрипа́ла1 f, хри́пало/хрипа́ло1 n, or хри́пали/хрипа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and хри́пал/хрипа́л1 m, хри́пала/хрипа́ла1 f, хри́пало/хрипа́ло1 n, or хри́пали/хрипа́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and хри́пал/хрипа́л1 m, хри́пала/хрипа́ла1 f, хри́пало/хрипа́ло1 n, or хри́пали/хрипа́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| хри́пай hrípaj |
хри́пайте hrípajte |
||||||
1Dialectally marked.
See also
- хрип (hrip, “rale, wheeze”), хри́пав (hrípav, “husky, raspy (of voice)”) (homophonous, of onomatopoeic origin)
References
- Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “хри́памь (хри́пкамь, да хри́пнѫ, хри́пнувамь)”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 509
Russian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈxrʲipəm]
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