саман

Evenki

FWOTD – 6 August 2017

Alternative forms

шама̄н (şamān) — sh-dialects
хама̄н (hamān) — h-dialects

Etymology

From Proto-Tungusic *samān (“shaman”), compare Nanai сама̄н (samān) and Manchu ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠨ (saman) etc. Probably from Sanskrit श्रमण (śramaṇa, “ascetic, monk, Sramana”) or Pali samaṇa, likely via Middle Chinese 沙門 (shāmén).

An alternative theory derives the Proto-Tungusic word from an ancestor of Nivkh чам (ț’am, “eagle, shaman”), but the direction of the borrowing is usually taken to be the reverse.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /samaːn/

Noun

сама̄н • (samān)

shaman

Declension

declension of сама̄н

	singular	plural
nominative	сама̄н (samān)	сама̄сэл (samāsəl)
genitive	сама̄нӈи (samānŋi)	сама̄сэлӈи (samāsəlŋi)
definite accusative	сама̄нмэ (samānmə)	сама̄сэлвэ (samāsəlwə)
indefinite accusative	сама̄нэ (samānə)	сама̄сэлэ (samāsələ)
instrumental	сама̄нди (samānʒi)	сама̄сэлди (samāsəlʒi)
comitative	сама̄ннун (samānnun)	сама̄сэлнун (samāsəlnun)
dative-locative	сама̄ндӯ (samāndū)	сама̄сэлдӯ (samāsəldū)
locative	сама̄ндула̄ (samāndulā)	сама̄сэлдула̄ (samāsəldulā)
locative-allative	сама̄нтыкӣ (samāntikī)	сама̄сэлтыкӣ (samāsəltikī)
ablative	сама̄ндук (samānduk)	сама̄сэлдук (samāsəlduk)
elative	сама̄нгит (samāngit)	сама̄сэлгит (samāsəlgit)
prolative	сама̄ндулӣ (samāndulī)	сама̄сэлдулӣ (samāsəldulī)
locative-directive	сама̄кла̄ (samāklā)	сама̄сэликла̄ (samāsəliklā)
allative-prolative	сама̄клӣ (samāklī)	сама̄сэликлӣ (samāsəliklī)

Derived terms

сама̄нмӣ (samānmī, “to shamanize”)
самасик (samasik, “shaman robes”)

References

Vasilevič, G. M. (1958) “сама̄н”, in Эвэнкийско-Русский словарь [Evenki-Russian dictionary] (in Russian), Moscow: GIS, page 342/2

Russian

Etymology

From a Turkic language. See Turkish saman.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [sɐˈman]

Noun

сама́н • (samán) m inan (genitive сама́на, nominative plural сама́ны, genitive plural сама́нов, relational adjective сама́нный)

adobe (unburnt brick)
по ме́ре затвердевания, сама́н скла́дывали в колонку с зазо́ром, что́бы быстре́е высыха́л
po mére zatverdevanija, samán skládyvali v kolonku s zazórom, štóby bystréje vysyxál
as soon as they hardened, the adobes were piled up in independent columns so that they dried faster
air brick
- 1887, А. П. Берже, Посольство А. П. Ермолова в Персию :
  одновременно с прибы́тием посо́льства в сама́н-арки, бы́ли доста́влены в султаниэ импера́торские пода́рки
  odnovremenno s pribýtijem posólʹstva v samán-arki, býli dostávleny v sultanie imperátorskije podárki
  simultaneous to the arrival of the embassy to the air brick archway, gifts were delivered to the imperial sultanate

Declension

Declension of сама́н (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	сама́н samán	сама́ны samány
genitive	сама́на samána	сама́нов samánov
dative	сама́ну samánu	сама́нам samánam
accusative	сама́н samán	сама́ны samány
instrumental	сама́ном samánom	сама́нами samánami
prepositional	сама́не samáne	сама́нах samánax

Derived terms

сама́новый (samánovyj)

Southern Altai

Etymology

From Persian (zamân).

Noun

саман • (saman)

time
Synonym: ӧй (öy)

References

V. verbickij, editor (1884), “саман”, in Slovarʹ Altajskago i Aladagskago narečij tjurkskago jazyka [Altaian and Aladagian language Dictionary], Kazan', →ISBN

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