沙門

Chinese

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 沙 門
Reading # 1/2 1/1
Initial (聲) 生 (21) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 麻 (98) 魂 (55)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Closed
Division (等) II I
Fanqie 所加切 莫奔切
Baxter srae mwon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʃˠa/ /muən/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʃᵚa/ /muon/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʃa/ /muən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʂaɨ/ /mwən/
Li
Rong		 /ʃa/ /muən/
Wang
Li		 /ʃa/ /muən/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʂa/ /muən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shā mén
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 saa1 mun4

Etymology 1
phonetic
trad. (沙門) 沙 門
simp. (沙门) 沙 门

Possibly from Tocharian, likely the Tocharian A ṣāmaṃ (Ji, 1998v12). Ultimately from Sanskrit श्रमण (śramaṇa), possibly via Gandhari 𐨮𐨨𐨣 (ṣamana /⁠ʂəmənə⁠/) (see Karashima, 2010).

Noun

沙門

  1. (Buddhism) ascetic monk
Derived terms
  • 沙門果經／沙门果经
  • 沙門氏桿菌／沙门氏杆菌
  • 稗沙門／稗沙门
Descendants
Sino-Xenic (沙門):
  • → Japanese: 沙門(しゃもん) (shamon)
  • → Korean: 사문(沙門) (samun)

Etymology 2
 
granule; hoarse; raspy
granule; hoarse; raspy; sand; powder; tsar
 
opening; door; gate
opening; door; gate; doorway; gateway; valve; switch; way to do something; knack; family; house; (religious) sect; school (of thought); class; category; (taxonomy) phylum or division
trad. (沙門) 沙 門
simp. (沙门) 沙 门

Proper noun

沙門

  1. (archaic) former name of the Changshan Archipelago between the Shandong and Liaoning peninsulas in northeastern China
Synonyms
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