ψιλός
See also: ψηλός
Ancient Greek
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /psiː.lós/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /psiˈlos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /psiˈlos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /psiˈlos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /psiˈlos/
Adjective
ψῑλός • (psīlós) m (feminine ψῑλή, neuter ψῑλόν); first/second declension
- naked, bare
- bald, smooth
- unclad, uncovered
- small, frail, delicate
- simple, plain
- (military) light (troops)
- unarmed
- (of words) without meter (i.e. prose)
- (poetry) without music (epic vs lyrical)
- (music) without singing (instrumentals)
- (singing) without accompaniment (a cappella)
- (phonology) without the rough breathing (i.e. with the smooth breathing)
- (phonology) describing the unaspirated voiceless stops, π (p), τ (t), κ (k), as opposed to the aspirated voiceless stops, φ (ph), χ (kh), θ (th)
- (orthography, of the sounds /e/ and /y/) written with the single letters ⟨ε⟩ and ⟨υ⟩ rather than the digraphs ⟨αι⟩ and ⟨οι⟩
Declension
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | ψῑλός psīlós |
ψῑλή psīlḗ |
ψῑλόν psīlón |
ψῑλώ psīlṓ |
ψῑλᾱ́ psīlā́ |
ψῑλώ psīlṓ |
ψῑλοί psīloí |
ψῑλαί psīlaí |
ψῑλᾰ́ psīlá | |||||
Genitive | ψῑλοῦ psīloû |
ψῑλῆς psīlês |
ψῑλοῦ psīloû |
ψῑλοῖν psīloîn |
ψῑλαῖν psīlaîn |
ψῑλοῖν psīloîn |
ψῑλῶν psīlôn |
ψῑλῶν psīlôn |
ψῑλῶν psīlôn | |||||
Dative | ψῑλῷ psīlôi |
ψῑλῇ psīlêi |
ψῑλῷ psīlôi |
ψῑλοῖν psīloîn |
ψῑλαῖν psīlaîn |
ψῑλοῖν psīloîn |
ψῑλοῖς psīloîs |
ψῑλαῖς psīlaîs |
ψῑλοῖς psīloîs | |||||
Accusative | ψῑλόν psīlón |
ψῑλήν psīlḗn |
ψῑλόν psīlón |
ψῑλώ psīlṓ |
ψῑλᾱ́ psīlā́ |
ψῑλώ psīlṓ |
ψῑλούς psīloús |
ψῑλᾱ́ς psīlā́s |
ψῑλᾰ́ psīlá | |||||
Vocative | ψῑλέ psīlé |
ψῑλή psīlḗ |
ψῑλόν psīlón |
ψῑλώ psīlṓ |
ψῑλᾱ́ psīlā́ |
ψῑλώ psīlṓ |
ψῑλοί psīloí |
ψῑλαί psīlaí |
ψῑλᾰ́ psīlá | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
ψῑλῶς psīlôs |
ψῑλότερος psīlóteros |
ψῑλότᾰτος psīlótatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Antonyms
- (antonym(s) of “hairless, without rough breathing, unaspirated”): δασύς (dasús)
Derived terms
- ἒ ψῑλόν (è psīlón)
- ὖ ψῑλόν (û psīlón)
- ψιλογραφέω (psilographéō)
- ψῑλὸν πνεῦμα (psīlòn pneûma)
- ψῑλότης (psīlótēs)
- ψῑλόω (psīlóō)
- ψῑ́λωσῐς (psī́lōsis)
- ψῑλωτέον (psīlōtéon)
- ψῑλωτής (psīlōtḗs)
- ψῑλωτῐκός (psīlōtikós)
References
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ψῑλός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1668-1669
Further reading
- “ψῑλός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ψιλός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ψιλός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ψιλός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ψιλός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- bald idem, page 60.
- bare idem, page 62.
- barren idem, page 63.
- blank idem, page 81.
- clear idem, page 136.
- defenceless idem, page 204.
- denude idem, page 211.
- divest idem, page 243.
- hairless idem, page 381.
- leafless idem, page 482.
- light-armed idem, page 490.
- mere idem, page 525.
- naked idem, page 550.
- open idem, page 574.
- pure idem, page 658.
- treeless idem, page 893.
- unaccompanied idem, page 906.
- unarmed idem, page 907.
- unsubstantiated idem, page 933.
- unsupported idem, page 933.
Greek
Etymology
Inherited from Ancient Greek ψιλός (psilós, “naked”).
Declension
Declension of ψιλός
number case \ gender |
singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | ψιλός • | ψιλή • | ψιλό • | ψιλοί • | ψιλές • | ψιλά • |
genitive | ψιλού • | ψιλής • | ψιλού • | ψιλών • | ψιλών • | ψιλών • |
accusative | ψιλό • | ψιλή • | ψιλό • | ψιλούς • | ψιλές • | ψιλά • |
vocative | ψιλέ • | ψιλή • | ψιλό • | ψιλοί • | ψιλές • | ψιλά • |
derivations | Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο ψιλός, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο ψιλός, etc.) |
Degrees of comparison by suffixation
comparative | singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | ψιλότερος • | ψιλότερη • | ψιλότερο • | ψιλότεροι • | ψιλότερες • | ψιλότερα • |
genitive | ψιλότερου • | ψιλότερης • | ψιλότερου • | ψιλότερων • | ψιλότερων • | ψιλότερων • |
accusative | ψιλότερο • | ψιλότερη • | ψιλότερο • | ψιλότερους • | ψιλότερες • | ψιλότερα • |
vocative | ψιλότερε • | ψιλότερη • | ψιλότερο • | ψιλότεροι • | ψιλότερες • | ψιλότερα • |
derivations | relative superlative: ο + comparative forms (eg "ο ψιλότερος", etc) | |||||
Absolute superlative | singular | plural | ||||
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | ψιλότατος • | ψιλότατη • | ψιλότατο • | ψιλότατοι • | ψιλότατες • | ψιλότατα • |
genitive | ψιλότατου • | ψιλότατης • | ψιλότατου • | ψιλότατων • | ψιλότατων • | ψιλότατων • |
accusative | ψιλότατο • | ψιλότατη • | ψιλότατο • | ψιλότατους • | ψιλότατες • | ψιλότατα • |
vocative | ψιλότατε • | ψιλότατη • | ψιλότατο • | ψιλότατοι • | ψιλότατες • | ψιλότατα • |
Derived terms
- ψιλικά f (psiliká, “haberdashery”)
See also
- compare with: ψηλός (psilós, “tall”)
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