χάρτης

Ancient Greek

Etymology

According to Strong's Biblical concordance, from χαράσσω (kharássō, “I scratch, inscribe”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“to scratch”) (compare Lithuanian žerti (“to scrape”)). Modern scholarship rejects this (Beekes,[1] Chantraine[2]) and considers the etymology unknown. An Egyptian derivation was supposed, without any convincing etymon found, because of the Egyptian origin of papyrus. Consistent with the Phoenician influence on Greece in the field of writing (the Greeks adopted the Phoenician alphabet), it has been suggested[3] that χάρτης could derive from the Phoenician word 𐤇𐤓𐤈𐤉𐤕 (ḥrṭyt), interpreted as “something written”, cognate with Biblical Hebrew חֶרֶט (ḫereṭ, “stylus; style of writing”).[4][5]

Pronunciation
 

Noun

χᾰ́ρτης • (khártēs) m (genitive χᾰ́ρτου); first declension

  1. sheet of paper, paper
  2. book

Declension
First declension of ὁ χᾰ́ρτης; τοῦ χᾰ́ρτου (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ χᾰ́ρτης
ho khártēs		 τὼ χᾰ́ρτᾱ
tṑ khártā		 οἱ χᾰ́ρται
hoi khártai
Genitive τοῦ χᾰ́ρτου
toû khártou		 τοῖν χᾰ́ρταιν
toîn khártain		 τῶν χᾰρτῶν
tôn khartôn
Dative τῷ χᾰ́ρτῃ
tôi khártēi		 τοῖν χᾰ́ρταιν
toîn khártain		 τοῖς χᾰ́ρταις
toîs khártais
Accusative τὸν χᾰ́ρτην
tòn khártēn		 τὼ χᾰ́ρτᾱ
tṑ khártā		 τοὺς χᾰ́ρτᾱς
toùs khártās
Vocative χᾰ́ρτᾰ
khárta		 χᾰ́ρτᾱ
khártā		 χᾰ́ρται
khártai
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

Descendants

References
  1. Robert Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek, 2010, page 1616
  2. Dictionnaire Etymologique De La Langue Grecque, Pierre Chantraine, 2009, page 1249
  3. Gary A. Rendsburg, The Etymology of χάρτης ‘Papyrus Roll’, Scripta Classica Israelica, vol. XXXVI 2017, pp. 149-169. https://jewishstudies.rutgers.edu/docman/rendsburg/660-sci-etymology-of-chartes/file
  4. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210126085853/https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?t=kjv&strongs=h2747
  5. https://biblehub.com/hebrew/2747.htm Gesenius' Hebrew-Chaldee Lexicon]

Further reading

Greek

Etymology

Learnedly, from Ancient Greek χάρτης (“a papyrus scroll”), semantic loan from Italian carta or from English chart, from Latin charta, from Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs).[1] Doublet of κάρτα (kárta, “card”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈxar.tis/
  • Hyphenation: χάρ‧της

Noun

χάρτης • (chártis) m (plural χάρτες)

  1. (navigation) map, chart
  2. charter, project charter, constitution
    καταστατικός χάρτης ― katastatikós chártis ― charter
  3. (dated) synonym of χαρτί n (chartí, “paper”) in the set phrase
    εμπόριο χάρτου (empório chártou, “trading of paper”)

Declension
declension of χάρτης
case     \     number singular plural
nominative χάρτης • χάρτες •
genitive χάρτη • χαρτών •
accusative χάρτη • χάρτες •
vocative χάρτη • χάρτες •
Formal dated genitive singular: χάρτου

Derived terms
  • άσκηση επί χάρτου (áskisi epí chártou)
  • ο Χάρτης του ΟΗΕ (o Chártis tou OIE, “Charter of the United Nations”)
  • χαρτο-, χαρτό-, χαρτ-
  • χάρτα f (chárta, “chart”) (dated, formal)
  • χαρτί n (chartí, “paper”) and derivatives

Related to maps:

  • αχαρτογράφητος (achartográfitos, “uncharted”)
  • χαρτογράφηση f (chartográfisi, “mapping, making a map”)
  • χαρτογραφία f (chartografía, “cartography”)
  • χαρτογραφικός (chartografikós, adjective)
  • χαρτογράφος m or f (chartográfos, “cartographer”)
  • χαρτογραφώ (chartografó, “to map”)

Descendants

References
  1. χάρτης - Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], 1998, by the "Triantafyllidis" Foundation.

Further reading
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