φαλός

See also: φάλος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *pʰalós, traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel-, with cognates including Sanskrit भाल (bhāla, “splendour”), Old Armenian բալ (bal, “fog”) and Old English bǣl (English bale).

It was further supposed that βαλιός (baliós, “spotted, dappled”) was related as a word from the Balkans. However, according to Beekes, the word is of Pre-Greek origin, in view of all the variations seen in the derived terms.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰa.lós/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pʰaˈlos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɸaˈlos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /faˈlos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /faˈlos/

Adjective

φᾰλός • (phalós) m (feminine φᾰλή, neuter φᾰλόν); first/second declension

(hapax) white

Inflection

First and second declension of φᾰλός; φᾰλή; φᾰλόν (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	φᾰλός phalós	φᾰλή phalḗ	φᾰλόν phalón	φᾰλώ phalṓ	φᾰλᾱ́ phalā́	φᾰλώ phalṓ	φᾰλοί phaloí	φᾰλαί phalaí	φᾰλᾰ́ phalá
Genitive	φᾰλοῦ phaloû	φᾰλῆς phalês	φᾰλοῦ phaloû	φᾰλοῖν phaloîn	φᾰλαῖν phalaîn	φᾰλοῖν phaloîn	φᾰλῶν phalôn	φᾰλῶν phalôn	φᾰλῶν phalôn
Dative	φᾰλῷ phalôi	φᾰλῇ phalêi	φᾰλῷ phalôi	φᾰλοῖν phaloîn	φᾰλαῖν phalaîn	φᾰλοῖν phaloîn	φᾰλοῖς phaloîs	φᾰλαῖς phalaîs	φᾰλοῖς phaloîs
Accusative	φᾰλόν phalón	φᾰλήν phalḗn	φᾰλόν phalón	φᾰλώ phalṓ	φᾰλᾱ́ phalā́	φᾰλώ phalṓ	φᾰλούς phaloús	φᾰλᾱ́ς phalā́s	φᾰλᾰ́ phalá
Vocative	φᾰλέ phalé	φᾰλή phalḗ	φᾰλόν phalón	φᾰλώ phalṓ	φᾰλᾱ́ phalā́	φᾰλώ phalṓ	φᾰλοί phaloí	φᾰλαί phalaí	φᾰλᾰ́ phalá
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	φᾰλῶς phalôs			φᾰλώτερος phalṓteros			φᾰλώτᾰτος phalṓtatos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

φᾰλᾰκρός (phalakrós)
φᾰ́λᾱρος (phálāros)
φᾰλῐός (phaliós)