τύμπανον
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- τῠ́πᾰνον (túpanon) — Poetic
- τῠ́μπᾰνος (túmpanos)
Etymology
From τῠ́πτω (túptō, “to strike, beat, smite”) + -ᾰνον (-anon).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /tým.pa.non/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈtym.pa.non/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈtym.pa.non/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈtym.pa.non/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈtim.ba.non/
Noun
τῠ́μπᾰνον • (túmpanon) n (genitive τῠμπᾰ́νου); second declension
- (music) drum, kettledrum
- 484 BCE – 425 BCE, Herodotus, 4.76 :
- ἐς ταύτην δὴ κᾰτᾰδῠ̀ς ὁ Ᾰ̓νᾰ́χᾰρσῐς τὴν ὁρτὴν ἐπετέλεε πᾶσᾰν τῇ θεῷ, τῠ́μπᾰνον τε ἔχων καὶ ἐκδησᾰ́μενος ᾰ̓γᾰ́λμᾰτᾰ.
- es taútēn dḕ katadùs ho Anákharsis tḕn hortḕn epetélee pâsan têi theôi, túmpanon te ékhōn kaì ekdēsámenos agálmata.
- Hidden there, Anacharsis celebrated the goddess' ritual with exactness, carrying a small drum and hanging images about himself.
- ἐς ταύτην δὴ κᾰτᾰδῠ̀ς ὁ Ᾰ̓νᾰ́χᾰρσῐς τὴν ὁρτὴν ἐπετέλεε πᾶσᾰν τῇ θεῷ, τῠ́μπᾰνον τε ἔχων καὶ ἐκδησᾰ́μενος ᾰ̓γᾰ́λμᾰτᾰ.
- instrument of torture
- wheel in a machine, cylinder or drum of a piston
- (architecture) sunken triangular space enclosed by the cornice of the pediment; square panel of a door
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | τὸ τῠ́μπᾰνον tò túmpanon |
τὼ τῠμπᾰ́νω tṑ tumpánō |
τᾰ̀ τῠ́μπᾰνᾰ tà túmpana | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ τῠμπᾰ́νου toû tumpánou |
τοῖν τῠμπᾰ́νοιν toîn tumpánoin |
τῶν τῠμπᾰ́νων tôn tumpánōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ τῠμπᾰ́νῳ tôi tumpánōi |
τοῖν τῠμπᾰ́νοιν toîn tumpánoin |
τοῖς τῠμπᾰ́νοις toîs tumpánois | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸ τῠ́μπᾰνον tò túmpanon |
τὼ τῠμπᾰ́νω tṑ tumpánō |
τᾰ̀ τῠ́μπᾰνᾰ tà túmpana | ||||||||||
| Vocative | τῠ́μπᾰνον túmpanon |
τῠμπᾰ́νω tumpánō |
τῠ́μπᾰνᾰ túmpana | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ἐκτῠμπᾰ́νωσῐς (ektumpánōsis)
- ἡμῐτῠμπᾰ́νῐστος (hēmitumpánistos)
- περῐτῠμπᾰνῐ́ζομαι (peritumpanízomai)
- τῠμπᾰνεύς (tumpaneús)
- τῠμπᾰνόδουπος (tumpanódoupos)
- τῠμπᾰνοειδής (tumpanoeidḗs)
- τῠμπᾰνόεις (tumpanóeis)
- τῠμπᾰνόομαι (tumpanóomai)
- τῠμπᾰνοτερπής (tumpanoterpḗs)
- τῠμπᾰνοτρῐ́βης (tumpanotríbēs)
- τῠμπᾰνοφορέομαι (tumpanophoréomai)
- τῠμπᾰνώδης (tumpanṓdēs)
- τῠμπᾰνᾰ́ρῐος (tumpanários)
- τῠμπᾰνῐ́ζω (tumpanízō)
- τῠμπᾰνῐκός (tumpanikós)
- τῠμπᾰ́νῐον (tumpánion)
- τῠμπᾰνῑ́της (tumpanī́tēs)
- φῐλογᾰλλοβρᾰχειονοτῠ́μπᾰνος (philogallobrakheionotúmpanos)
Descendants
References
- “τύμπανον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “τύμπανον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- τύμπανον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “timbre”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 255
- “τύμπανον”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, 2011
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