τάρβος
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Cognate to Sanskrit तर्जति (tarjati, “to threaten, revile”), Latin torvus (“grim, fierce”) and Welsh tarfu (“to scare away”).
Furnée compares ταρμύσσω (tarmússō, “to frighten”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /tár.bos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈtar.bos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈtar.βos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈtar.vos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈtar.vos/
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | τὸ τᾰ́ρβος tò tárbos |
τὼ τᾰ́ρβεε tṑ tárbee |
τᾰ̀ τᾰ́ρβεᾰ tà tárbea | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ τᾰ́ρβεος toû tárbeos |
τοῖν τᾰρβέοιν toîn tarbéoin |
τῶν τᾰρβέων tôn tarbéōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ τᾰ́ρβεῐ̈ tôi tárbeï |
τοῖν τᾰρβέοιν toîn tarbéoin |
τοῖς τᾰ́ρβεσῐ / τᾰ́ρβεσῐν toîs tárbesi(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸ τᾰ́ρβος tò tárbos |
τὼ τᾰ́ρβεε tṑ tárbee |
τᾰ̀ τᾰ́ρβεᾰ tà tárbea | ||||||||||
| Vocative | τᾰ́ρβος tárbos |
τᾰ́ρβεε tárbee |
τᾰ́ρβεᾰ tárbea | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ταρβοσύνη (tarbosúnē)
- ταρβόσυνος (tarbósunos)
Further reading
- “τάρβος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “τάρβος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “τάρβος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- τάρβος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
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