σφύζω
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- σφύσδω (sphúsdō) — Doric
Etymology
In form and meaning, the verb resembles σφαδᾴζω (sphadā́izō, “to toss the body about, to struggle”) and σπεύδω (speúdō, “to urge, to hasten”), to which compare Sanskrit स्पन्दते (spandate, “to pulsate, beat, throb, quiver; to quicken”), स्फुरति (sphurati, “to pulse, beat, throb, tremble; to dart, flash; to thrash about bodily, struggle”), and similar forms, as well as भुरति (bhurati, “to palpitate, pulsate, dart, convulse; to move hastily; to struggle”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /spʰýz.dɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈspʰy.zo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈsɸy.zo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈsfy.zo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈsfi.zo/
Inflection
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | σφύζω | σφύζεις | σφύζει | σφύζετον | σφύζετον | σφύζομεν | σφύζετε | σφύζουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | σφύζω | σφύζῃς | σφύζῃ | σφύζητον | σφύζητον | σφύζωμεν | σφύζητε | σφύζωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | σφύζοιμῐ | σφύζοις | σφύζοι | σφύζοιτον | σφυζοίτην | σφύζοιμεν | σφύζοιτε | σφύζοιεν | |||||
imperative | σφῦζε | σφυζέτω | σφύζετον | σφυζέτων | σφύζετε | σφυζόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | σφύζομαι | σφύζῃ, σφύζει |
σφύζεται | σφύζεσθον | σφύζεσθον | σφυζόμεθᾰ | σφύζεσθε | σφύζονται | ||||
subjunctive | σφύζωμαι | σφύζῃ | σφύζηται | σφύζησθον | σφύζησθον | σφυζώμεθᾰ | σφύζησθε | σφύζωνται | |||||
optative | σφυζοίμην | σφύζοιο | σφύζοιτο | σφύζοισθον | σφυζοίσθην | σφυζοίμεθᾰ | σφύζοισθε | σφύζοιντο | |||||
imperative | σφύζου | σφυζέσθω | σφύζεσθον | σφυζέσθων | σφύζεσθε | σφυζέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | σφύζειν | σφύζεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | σφύζων | σφυζόμενος | ||||||||||
f | σφύζουσᾰ | σφυζομένη | |||||||||||
n | σφῦζον | σφυζόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: ἔσφυζον, ἐσφυζόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔσφυζον | ἔσφυζες | ἔσφυζε(ν) | ἐσφύζετον | ἐσφυζέτην | ἐσφύζομεν | ἐσφύζετε | ἔσφυζον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐσφυζόμην | ἐσφύζου | ἐσφύζετο | ἐσφύζεσθον | ἐσφυζέσθην | ἐσφυζόμεθᾰ | ἐσφύζεσθε | ἐσφύζοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Future: σφύξω, σφύξομαι, σφυχθήσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | σφύξω | σφύξεις | σφύξει | σφύξετον | σφύξετον | σφύξομεν | σφύξετε | σφύξουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | σφύξοιμῐ | σφύξοις | σφύξοι | σφύξοιτον | σφυξοίτην | σφύξοιμεν | σφύξοιτε | σφύξοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | σφύξομαι | σφύξῃ, σφύξει |
σφύξεται | σφύξεσθον | σφύξεσθον | σφυξόμεθᾰ | σφύξεσθε | σφύξονται | ||||
optative | σφυξοίμην | σφύξοιο | σφύξοιτο | σφύξοισθον | σφυξοίσθην | σφυξοίμεθᾰ | σφύξοισθε | σφύξοιντο | |||||
passive | indicative | σφυχθήσομαι | σφυχθήσῃ | σφυχθήσεται | σφυχθήσεσθον | σφυχθήσεσθον | σφυχθησόμεθᾰ | σφυχθήσεσθε | σφυχθήσονται | ||||
optative | σφυχθησοίμην | σφυχθήσοιο | σφυχθήσοιτο | σφυχθήσοισθον | σφυχθησοίσθην | σφυχθησοίμεθᾰ | σφυχθήσοισθε | σφυχθήσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | σφύξειν | σφύξεσθαι | σφυχθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
participle | m | σφύξων | σφυξόμενος | σφυχθησόμενος | |||||||||
f | σφύξουσᾰ | σφυξομένη | σφυχθησομένη | ||||||||||
n | σφῦξον | σφυξόμενον | σφυχθησόμενον | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Aorist: ἔσφυξᾰ, ἐσφυξᾰ́μην, ἐσφύχθην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔσφυξᾰ | ἔσφυξᾰς | ἔσφυξε(ν) | ἐσφύξᾰτον | ἐσφυξᾰ́την | ἐσφύξᾰμεν | ἐσφύξᾰτε | ἔσφυξᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | σφύξω | σφύξῃς | σφύξῃ | σφύξητον | σφύξητον | σφύξωμεν | σφύξητε | σφύξωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | σφύξαιμῐ | σφύξειᾰς, σφύξαις |
σφύξειε(ν), σφύξαι |
σφύξαιτον | σφυξαίτην | σφύξαιμεν | σφύξαιτε | σφύξειᾰν, σφύξαιεν | |||||
imperative | σφῦξον | σφυξᾰ́τω | σφύξᾰτον | σφυξᾰ́των | σφύξᾰτε | σφυξᾰ́ντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | ἐσφυξᾰ́μην | ἐσφύξω | ἐσφύξᾰτο | ἐσφύξᾰσθον | ἐσφυξᾰ́σθην | ἐσφυξᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἐσφύξᾰσθε | ἐσφύξᾰντο | ||||
subjunctive | σφύξωμαι | σφύξῃ | σφύξηται | σφύξησθον | σφύξησθον | σφυξώμεθᾰ | σφύξησθε | σφύξωνται | |||||
optative | σφυξαίμην | σφύξαιο | σφύξαιτο | σφύξαισθον | σφυξαίσθην | σφυξαίμεθᾰ | σφύξαισθε | σφύξαιντο | |||||
imperative | σφῦξαι | σφυξᾰ́σθω | σφύξᾰσθον | σφυξᾰ́σθων | σφύξᾰσθε | σφυξᾰ́σθων | |||||||
passive | indicative | ἐσφύχθην | ἐσφύχθης | ἐσφύχθη | ἐσφύχθητον | ἐσφυχθήτην | ἐσφύχθημεν | ἐσφύχθητε | ἐσφύχθησᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | σφυχθῶ | σφυχθῇς | σφυχθῇ | σφυχθῆτον | σφυχθῆτον | σφυχθῶμεν | σφυχθῆτε | σφυχθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | σφυχθείην | σφυχθείης | σφυχθείη | σφυχθεῖτον, σφυχθείητον |
σφυχθείτην, σφυχθειήτην |
σφυχθεῖμεν, σφυχθείημεν |
σφυχθεῖτε, σφυχθείητε |
σφυχθεῖεν, σφυχθείησᾰν | |||||
imperative | σφύχθητῐ | σφυχθήτω | σφύχθητον | σφυχθήτων | σφύχθητε | σφυχθέντων | |||||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | σφῦξαι | σφύξᾰσθαι | σφυχθῆναι | ||||||||||
participle | m | σφύξᾱς | σφυξᾰ́μενος | σφυχθείς | |||||||||
f | σφύξᾱσᾰ | σφυξᾰμένη | σφυχθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||
n | σφῦξᾰν | σφυξᾰ́μενον | σφυχθέν | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Further reading
- “σφύζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- σφύζω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Greek
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsfi.zo/
- Hyphenation: σφύ‧ζω
Conjugation
σφύζω (active forms only imperfective)
Active voice ➤ — Imperfective aspect ➤ | ||||
Indicative mood ➤ | Present ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Future ➤ | |
1 sg | σφύζω | έσφυζα | θα σφύζω | |
2 sg | σφύζεις | έσφυζες | θα σφύζεις | |
3 sg | σφύζει | έσφυζε | θα σφύζει | |
1 pl | σφύζουμε, [‑ομε] | σφύζαμε | θα σφύζουμε, [‑ομε] | |
2 pl | σφύζετε | σφύζατε | θα σφύζετε | |
3 pl | σφύζουν(ε) | έσφυζαν, σφύζαν(ε) | θα σφύζουν(ε) | |
Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present tense from above with a particle (να, ας). | |||
Imperative mood ➤ | 2 sg | 2 pl | ||
Imperfective aspect | σφύζε | σφύζετε | ||
Other forms | Present participle ➤ | |||
σφύζοντας ➤ | ||||
Notes Appendix:Greek verbs |
• (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |||
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.