σαλεύω
Ancient Greek
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /sa.lěu̯.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /saˈle.wo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /saˈle.βo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /saˈle.vo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /saˈle.vo/
Inflection
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | σᾰλεύω | σᾰλεύεις | σᾰλεύει | σᾰλεύετον | σᾰλεύετον | σᾰλεύομεν | σᾰλεύετε | σᾰλεύουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | σᾰλεύω | σᾰλεύῃς | σᾰλεύῃ | σᾰλεύητον | σᾰλεύητον | σᾰλεύωμεν | σᾰλεύητε | σᾰλεύωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | σᾰλεύοιμῐ | σᾰλεύοις | σᾰλεύοι | σᾰλεύοιτον | σᾰλευοίτην | σᾰλεύοιμεν | σᾰλεύοιτε | σᾰλεύοιεν | |||||
imperative | σᾰ́λευε | σᾰλευέτω | σᾰλεύετον | σᾰλευέτων | σᾰλεύετε | σᾰλευόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | σᾰλεύομαι | σᾰλεύῃ, σᾰλεύει |
σᾰλεύεται | σᾰλεύεσθον | σᾰλεύεσθον | σᾰλευόμεθᾰ | σᾰλεύεσθε | σᾰλεύονται | ||||
subjunctive | σᾰλεύωμαι | σᾰλεύῃ | σᾰλεύηται | σᾰλεύησθον | σᾰλεύησθον | σᾰλευώμεθᾰ | σᾰλεύησθε | σᾰλεύωνται | |||||
optative | σᾰλευοίμην | σᾰλεύοιο | σᾰλεύοιτο | σᾰλεύοισθον | σᾰλευοίσθην | σᾰλευοίμεθᾰ | σᾰλεύοισθε | σᾰλεύοιντο | |||||
imperative | σᾰλεύου | σᾰλευέσθω | σᾰλεύεσθον | σᾰλευέσθων | σᾰλεύεσθε | σᾰλευέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | σᾰλεύειν | σᾰλεύεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | σᾰλεύων | σᾰλευόμενος | ||||||||||
f | σᾰλεύουσᾰ | σᾰλευομένη | |||||||||||
n | σᾰλεῦον | σᾰλευόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: ἐσᾰ́λευον, ἐσᾰλευόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐσᾰ́λευον | ἐσᾰ́λευες | ἐσᾰ́λευε(ν) | ἐσᾰλεύετον | ἐσᾰλευέτην | ἐσᾰλεύομεν | ἐσᾰλεύετε | ἐσᾰ́λευον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐσᾰλευόμην | ἐσᾰλεύου | ἐσᾰλεύετο | ἐσᾰλεύεσθον | ἐσᾰλευέσθην | ἐσᾰλευόμεθᾰ | ἐσᾰλεύεσθε | ἐσᾰλεύοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Aorist: ἐσᾰ́λευσᾰ, ἐσᾰλευσᾰ́μην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐσᾰ́λευσᾰ | ἐσᾰ́λευσᾰς | ἐσᾰ́λευσε(ν) | ἐσᾰλεύσᾰτον | ἐσᾰλευσᾰ́την | ἐσᾰλεύσᾰμεν | ἐσᾰλεύσᾰτε | ἐσᾰ́λευσᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | σᾰλεύσω | σᾰλεύσῃς | σᾰλεύσῃ | σᾰλεύσητον | σᾰλεύσητον | σᾰλεύσωμεν | σᾰλεύσητε | σᾰλεύσωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | σᾰλεύσαιμῐ | σᾰλεύσειᾰς, σᾰλεύσαις |
σᾰλεύσειε(ν), σᾰλεύσαι |
σᾰλεύσαιτον | σᾰλευσαίτην | σᾰλεύσαιμεν | σᾰλεύσαιτε | σᾰλεύσειᾰν, σᾰλεύσαιεν | |||||
imperative | σᾰ́λευσον | σᾰλευσᾰ́τω | σᾰλεύσᾰτον | σᾰλευσᾰ́των | σᾰλεύσᾰτε | σᾰλευσᾰ́ντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | ἐσᾰλευσᾰ́μην | ἐσᾰλεύσω | ἐσᾰλεύσᾰτο | ἐσᾰλεύσᾰσθον | ἐσᾰλευσᾰ́σθην | ἐσᾰλευσᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἐσᾰλεύσᾰσθε | ἐσᾰλεύσᾰντο | ||||
subjunctive | σᾰλεύσωμαι | σᾰλεύσῃ | σᾰλεύσηται | σᾰλεύσησθον | σᾰλεύσησθον | σᾰλευσώμεθᾰ | σᾰλεύσησθε | σᾰλεύσωνται | |||||
optative | σᾰλευσαίμην | σᾰλεύσαιο | σᾰλεύσαιτο | σᾰλεύσαισθον | σᾰλευσαίσθην | σᾰλευσαίμεθᾰ | σᾰλεύσαισθε | σᾰλεύσαιντο | |||||
imperative | σᾰ́λευσαι | σᾰλευσᾰ́σθω | σᾰλεύσᾰσθον | σᾰλευσᾰ́σθων | σᾰλεύσᾰσθε | σᾰλευσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | σᾰλεῦσαι | σᾰλεύσᾰσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | σᾰλεύσᾱς | σᾰλευσᾰ́μενος | ||||||||||
f | σᾰλεύσᾱσᾰ | σᾰλευσᾰμένη | |||||||||||
n | σᾰλεῦσᾰν | σᾰλευσᾰ́μενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Further reading
Greek
Etymology
Inherited from the Ancient Greek σαλεύω (saleúō). See σάλος (sálos, “tossing; distemper, restlessness”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /saˈle.vo/
- Hyphenation: σα‧λεύ‧ω
Conjugation
σαλεύω (active forms only plus passive perfect participle)
Active voice ➤ | ||||
Indicative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect ➤ | Perfective aspect ➤ | ||
Non-past tenses ➤ | Present ➤ | Dependent ➤ | ||
1 sg | σαλεύω | σαλέψω | ||
2 sg | σαλεύεις | σαλέψεις | ||
3 sg | σαλεύει | σαλέψει | ||
1 pl | σαλεύουμε, [‑ομε] | σαλέψουμε, [‑ομε] | ||
2 pl | σαλεύετε | σαλέψετε | ||
3 pl | σαλεύουν(ε) | σαλέψουν(ε) | ||
Past tenses ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Simple past ➤ | ||
1 sg | σάλευα | σάλεψα | ||
2 sg | σάλευες | σάλεψες | ||
3 sg | σάλευε | σάλεψε | ||
1 pl | σαλεύαμε | σαλέψαμε | ||
2 pl | σαλεύατε | σαλέψατε | ||
3 pl | σάλευαν, σαλεύαν(ε) | σάλεψαν, σαλέψαν(ε) | ||
Future tenses ➤ | Continuous ➤ | Simple ➤ | ||
1 sg | θα σαλεύω ➤ | θα σαλέψω ➤ | ||
2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl | θα σαλεύεις, … | θα σαλέψεις, … | ||
Perfect aspect ➤ | ||||
Present perfect ➤ | έχω, έχεις, … σαλέψει | είμαι, είσαι, … σαλεμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ (also passive voice) | ||
Past perfect ➤ | είχα, είχες, … σαλέψει | ήμουν, ήσουν, … σαλεμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | ||
Future perfect ➤ | θα έχω, θα έχεις, … σαλέψει | θα είμαι, θα είσαι, … σαλεμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | ||
Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας). | |||
Imperative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect | ||
2 sg | σάλευε | σάλεψε | ||
2 pl | σαλεύετε | σαλέψτε, σαλεύτε1 | ||
Other forms | ||||
Active present participle ➤ | σαλεύοντας ➤ | |||
Active perfect participle ➤ | έχοντας σαλέψει ➤ | |||
Passive perfect participle ➤ | σαλεμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ | |||
Nonfinite form ➤ | σαλέψει | |||
Notes Appendix:Greek verbs |
1. Colloquial. • (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |||
Related terms
- αδιασάλευτος (adiasáleftos, “unshaken; unshakable”)
- απαρασάλευτος (aparasáleftos, “unshakable”)
- σάλεμα n (sálema, “slight motion”)
- σαλεμένος (saleménos, “crazy, deranged”, participle)
Compounds & their derivatives
- ανασαλεύω (anasalévo, “move gently”)
- αργοσαλεύω (argosalévo, “move slowly”)
- διασαλεύω (diasalévo, “agitate, disturb, shake”)
- and see: σάλος m (sálos, “agitation, commotion; surge; tumult”)
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