μάχαιρα

See also: μαχαίρα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From μάχομαι (mákhomai, “to fight”). Compare with μάχη (mákhē, “a battle, a strife”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /má.kʰai̯.ra/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈma.kʰɛ.ra/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈma.çɛ.ra/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈma.çe.ra/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈma.çe.ra/

Noun

μάχαιρα • (mákhaira) f (genitive μᾰχαίρας); first declension

large knife, short sword, dirk, dagger

Usage notes

Later Greek used μαχαίρης (makhaírēs) and μαχαίρῃ (makhaírēi) for the singular genitive and dative respectively.

Inflection

First declension of ἡ μάχαιρᾰ; τῆς μαχαίρᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ μάχαιρᾰ hē mákhaira	τὼ μαχαίρᾱ tṑ makhaírā	αἱ μάχαιραι hai mákhairai
Genitive	τῆς μαχαίρᾱς tês makhaírās	τοῖν μαχαίραιν toîn makhaírain	τῶν μαχαιρῶν tôn makhairôn
Dative	τῇ μαχαίρᾳ têi makhaírāi	τοῖν μαχαίραιν toîn makhaírain	ταῖς μαχαίραις taîs makhaírais
Accusative	τὴν μάχαιρᾰν tḕn mákhairan	τὼ μαχαίρᾱ tṑ makhaírā	τᾱ̀ς μαχαίρᾱς tā̀s makhaírās
Vocative	μάχαιρᾰ mákhaira	μαχαίρᾱ makhaírā	μάχαιραι mákhairai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

μαχαιροθήκη (makhairothḗkē)
μαχαιροποιός (makhairopoiós)
μαχαιροφόρος (makhairophóros)
μαχαιρόφυλλον (makhairóphullon)
ξιφομάχαιρα (xiphomákhaira)

Descendants

⇒ Koine Greek: μαχαίριον (makhaírion) (diminutive)
- Greek: μαχαίρι (machaíri), μαχαίρα (machaíra, “large knife”)
→ Greek: μάχαιρα (máchaira)
Translingual: †Machairodus

References

“μάχαιρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“μάχαιρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“μάχαιρα”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
μάχαιρα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
μάχαιρα in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
“μάχαιρα”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G3162 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
μάχαιρα in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- brand idem, page 93.
- cleaver idem, page 137.
- dagger idem, page 193.
- dirk idem, page 226.
- knife idem, page 470.
- poniard idem, page 626.
- rapier idem, page 672.
- razor idem, page 674.
- sword idem, page 849.

Greek

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek μάχαιρα (mákhaira). Doublet of μαχαίρι (machaíri).

Noun

μάχαιρα • (máchaira) f (uncountable)

sword used by the ancient Greeks

Declension

μάχαιρα

case \ number	singular
nominative	μάχαιρα •
genitive	μάχαιρας •
accusative	μάχαιρα •
vocative	μάχαιρα •

μάχαιρα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Usage notes

Inflection

Derived terms

Descendants

References

Greek

Etymology

Noun

Declension

Further reading