κρόκος

See also: κροκός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

A Semitic loanword. Compare Akkadian 𒌑𒆪𒄀𒆸𒈾 (/⁠kurkanū⁠/), Arabic كُرْكُم (kurkum), and Hebrew כרכום (karkom).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kró.kos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkro.kos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkro.kos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkro.kos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkro.kos/

Noun

κρόκος • (krókos) m (genitive κρόκου); second declension

saffron, Crocus sativus
saffron (dye)
yolk (of an egg)
Antonym: λευκόν (leukón)

Declension

Second declension of ὁ κρόκος; τοῦ κρόκου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κρόκος ho krókos	τὼ κρόκω tṑ krókō	οἱ κρόκοι hoi krókoi
Genitive	τοῦ κρόκου toû krókou	τοῖν κρόκοιν toîn krókoin	τῶν κρόκων tôn krókōn
Dative	τῷ κρόκῳ tôi krókōi	τοῖν κρόκοιν toîn krókoin	τοῖς κρόκοις toîs krókois
Accusative	τὸν κρόκον tòn krókon	τὼ κρόκω tṑ krókō	τοὺς κρόκους toùs krókous
Vocative	κρόκε króke	κρόκω krókō	κρόκοι krókoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

κρόκινος (krókinos)
κροκόμαγμα (krokómagma)
κροκόπεπλος (krokópeplos)
κρόκος ἀκανθώδης (krókos akanthṓdēs, “safflower”)
κρόκος λευκός (krókos leukós, “Crocus cancellatus”)

Descendants

Greek: κρόκος (krókos)
→ Latin: crocus (see there for further descendants)
→ Old Georgian: კროკონი (ḳroḳoni)

Further reading

“κρόκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“κρόκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“κρόκος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
κρόκος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
κρόκος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
“κρόκος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- crocus idem, page 185.
- saffron idem, page 730.
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Greek

Alternative forms

κροκός (krokós)

Etymology

From Ancient Greek κρόκος (krókos), of ultimately Semitic origin. Doublet of κουρκουμάς (kourkoumás).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkɾo.kos/

Noun

κρόκος • (krókos) m (plural κρόκοι)

yolk, egg yolk
κρόκος αβγού ― krókos avgoú ― egg yolk
(botany) crocus
(herb) saffron
Synonym: ζαφορά f (zaforá)

Declension

declension of κρόκος

case \ number	singular	plural
nominative	κρόκος •	κρόκοι •
genitive	κρόκου •	κρόκων •
accusative	κρόκο •	κρόκους •
vocative	κρόκε •	κρόκοι •

Descendants

→ Hawaiian: keloko

Further reading

κρόκος - Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], 1998, by the "Triantafyllidis" Foundation.

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