θύμον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From θύω (thúō, “to smoke”). Beekes suggests that this is "doubtful" and that "[a]s a local plant name, the word is liable to be of Pre-Greek origin".[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tʰý.mon/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈtʰy.mon/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈθy.mon/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈθy.mon/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈθi.mon/

Noun

θύμον • (thúmon) n (genitive θύμου); second declension

thyme (plant of the genus Thymus)

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ θῠ́μον; τοῦ θῠ́μου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ θῠ́μον tò thúmon	τὼ θῠ́μω tṑ thúmō	τᾰ̀ θῠ́μᾰ tà thúma
Genitive	τοῦ θῠ́μου toû thúmou	τοῖν θῠ́μοιν toîn thúmoin	τῶν θῠ́μων tôn thúmōn
Dative	τῷ θῠ́μῳ tôi thúmōi	τοῖν θῠ́μοιν toîn thúmoin	τοῖς θῠ́μοις toîs thúmois
Accusative	τὸ θῠ́μον tò thúmon	τὼ θῠ́μω tṑ thúmō	τᾰ̀ θῠ́μᾰ tà thúma
Vocative	θῠ́μον thúmon	θῠ́μω thúmō	θῠ́μᾰ thúma
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

ἐπίθυμον (epíthumon)
θυμελαία (thumelaía)
θυμίζω (thumízō)
θύμινον (thúminon)
θύμιον (thúmion)
θυμίτης (thumítēs)
θυμόεις (thumóeis)
θυμοξάλμη (thumoxálmē)
θυμώδης (thumṓdēs)

Descendants

→ Greek: θυμάρι (thymári)
→ Latin: thymum

References

Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “thyme”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

“θύμον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“θύμον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
θύμον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

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[1] Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “thyme”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.