δικάζω
Ancient Greek
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /di.káz.dɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /diˈka.zo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ðiˈka.zo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ðiˈka.zo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ðiˈka.zo/
Verb
δῐκᾰ́ζω • (dikázō)
- (active voice)
- (intransitive, law) to judge, sit in judgement; to sit as a juror
- (transitive) to give judgement on (something); to decide, determine
- (transitive) to adjudge a penalty
- (ditransitive) to assign a penalty to someone [+accusative and dative = something to someone]
- (transitive) to pass judgement on [+dative = someone]
- (middle voice)
Conjugation
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | δῐκᾰ́ζω | δῐκᾰ́ζεις | δῐκᾰ́ζει | δῐκᾰ́ζετον | δῐκᾰ́ζετον | δῐκᾰ́ζομεν | δῐκᾰ́ζετε | δῐκᾰ́ζουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | δῐκᾰ́ζω | δῐκᾰ́ζῃς | δῐκᾰ́ζῃ | δῐκᾰ́ζητον | δῐκᾰ́ζητον | δῐκᾰ́ζωμεν | δῐκᾰ́ζητε | δῐκᾰ́ζωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | δῐκᾰ́ζοιμῐ | δῐκᾰ́ζοις | δῐκᾰ́ζοι | δῐκᾰ́ζοιτον | δῐκᾰζοίτην | δῐκᾰ́ζοιμεν | δῐκᾰ́ζοιτε | δῐκᾰ́ζοιεν | |||||
imperative | δῐ́κᾰζε | δῐκᾰζέτω | δῐκᾰ́ζετον | δῐκᾰζέτων | δῐκᾰ́ζετε | δῐκᾰζόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | δῐκᾰ́ζομαι | δῐκᾰ́ζῃ, δῐκᾰ́ζει |
δῐκᾰ́ζεται | δῐκᾰ́ζεσθον | δῐκᾰ́ζεσθον | δῐκᾰζόμεθᾰ | δῐκᾰ́ζεσθε | δῐκᾰ́ζονται | ||||
subjunctive | δῐκᾰ́ζωμαι | δῐκᾰ́ζῃ | δῐκᾰ́ζηται | δῐκᾰ́ζησθον | δῐκᾰ́ζησθον | δῐκᾰζώμεθᾰ | δῐκᾰ́ζησθε | δῐκᾰ́ζωνται | |||||
optative | δῐκᾰζοίμην | δῐκᾰ́ζοιο | δῐκᾰ́ζοιτο | δῐκᾰ́ζοισθον | δῐκᾰζοίσθην | δῐκᾰζοίμεθᾰ | δῐκᾰ́ζοισθε | δῐκᾰ́ζοιντο | |||||
imperative | δῐκᾰ́ζου | δῐκᾰζέσθω | δῐκᾰ́ζεσθον | δῐκᾰζέσθων | δῐκᾰ́ζεσθε | δῐκᾰζέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | δῐκᾰ́ζειν | δῐκᾰ́ζεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | δῐκᾰ́ζων | δῐκᾰζόμενος | ||||||||||
f | δῐκᾰ́ζουσᾰ | δῐκᾰζομένη | |||||||||||
n | δῐκᾰ́ζον | δῐκᾰζόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: ἐδῐ́κᾰζον, ἐδῐκᾰζόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐδῐ́κᾰζον | ἐδῐ́κᾰζες | ἐδῐ́κᾰζε(ν) | ἐδῐκᾰ́ζετον | ἐδῐκᾰζέτην | ἐδῐκᾰ́ζομεν | ἐδῐκᾰ́ζετε | ἐδῐ́κᾰζον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐδῐκᾰζόμην | ἐδῐκᾰ́ζου | ἐδῐκᾰ́ζετο | ἐδῐκᾰ́ζεσθον | ἐδῐκᾰζέσθην | ἐδῐκᾰζόμεθᾰ | ἐδῐκᾰ́ζεσθε | ἐδῐκᾰ́ζοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Future: δῐκᾰ́σω, δῐκᾰ́σομαι, δῐκᾰσθήσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | δῐκᾰ́σω | δῐκᾰ́σεις | δῐκᾰ́σει | δῐκᾰ́σετον | δῐκᾰ́σετον | δῐκᾰ́σομεν | δῐκᾰ́σετε | δῐκᾰ́σουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | δῐκᾰ́σοιμῐ | δῐκᾰ́σοις | δῐκᾰ́σοι | δῐκᾰ́σοιτον | δῐκᾰσοίτην | δῐκᾰ́σοιμεν | δῐκᾰ́σοιτε | δῐκᾰ́σοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | δῐκᾰ́σομαι | δῐκᾰ́σῃ, δῐκᾰ́σει |
δῐκᾰ́σεται | δῐκᾰ́σεσθον | δῐκᾰ́σεσθον | δῐκᾰσόμεθᾰ | δῐκᾰ́σεσθε | δῐκᾰ́σονται | ||||
optative | δῐκᾰσοίμην | δῐκᾰ́σοιο | δῐκᾰ́σοιτο | δῐκᾰ́σοισθον | δῐκᾰσοίσθην | δῐκᾰσοίμεθᾰ | δῐκᾰ́σοισθε | δῐκᾰ́σοιντο | |||||
passive | indicative | δῐκᾰσθήσομαι | δῐκᾰσθήσῃ | δῐκᾰσθήσεται | δῐκᾰσθήσεσθον | δῐκᾰσθήσεσθον | δῐκᾰσθησόμεθᾰ | δῐκᾰσθήσεσθε | δῐκᾰσθήσονται | ||||
optative | δῐκᾰσθησοίμην | δῐκᾰσθήσοιο | δῐκᾰσθήσοιτο | δῐκᾰσθήσοισθον | δῐκᾰσθησοίσθην | δῐκᾰσθησοίμεθᾰ | δῐκᾰσθήσοισθε | δῐκᾰσθήσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | δῐκᾰ́σειν | δῐκᾰ́σεσθαι | δῐκᾰσθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
participle | m | δῐκᾰ́σων | δῐκᾰσόμενος | δῐκᾰσθησόμενος | |||||||||
f | δῐκᾰ́σουσᾰ | δῐκᾰσομένη | δῐκᾰσθησομένη | ||||||||||
n | δῐκᾰ́σον | δῐκᾰσόμενον | δῐκᾰσθησόμενον | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | δῐκέω | δῐκέεις | δῐκέει | δῐκέετον | δῐκέετον | δῐκέομεν | δῐκέετε | δῐκέουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | δῐκέοιμῐ | δῐκέοις | δῐκέοι | δῐκέοιτον | δῐκεοίτην | δῐκέοιμεν | δῐκέοιτε | δῐκέοιεν | |||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | δῐκέειν | ||||||||||||
participle | m | δῐκέων | |||||||||||
f | δῐκέουσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | δῐκέον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | δῐκέω | δῐκεῖς | δῐκεῖ | δῐκεῖτον | δῐκεῖτον | δῐκεῦμεν | δῐκεῖτε | δῐκεῦσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | δῐκέοιμι | δῐκέοις | δῐκέοι | δῐκέοιτον | δῐκεοίτην | δῐκέοιμεν | δῐκέοιτε | δῐκέοιεν | |||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | δῐκεῖν | ||||||||||||
participle | m | δῐκέων | |||||||||||
f | δῐκεῦσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | δῐκεῦν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Aorist: ἐδῐ́κᾰσᾰ, ἐδῐκᾰσᾰ́μην, ἐδῐκᾰ́σθην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐδῐ́κᾰσᾰ | ἐδῐ́κᾰσᾰς | ἐδῐ́κᾰσε(ν) | ἐδῐκᾰ́σᾰτον | ἐδῐκᾰσᾰ́την | ἐδῐκᾰ́σᾰμεν | ἐδῐκᾰ́σᾰτε | ἐδῐ́κᾰσᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | δῐκᾰ́σω | δῐκᾰ́σῃς | δῐκᾰ́σῃ | δῐκᾰ́σητον | δῐκᾰ́σητον | δῐκᾰ́σωμεν | δῐκᾰ́σητε | δῐκᾰ́σωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | δῐκᾰ́σαιμῐ | δῐκᾰ́σειᾰς, δῐκᾰ́σαις |
δῐκᾰ́σειε(ν), δῐκᾰ́σαι |
δῐκᾰ́σαιτον | δῐκᾰσαίτην | δῐκᾰ́σαιμεν | δῐκᾰ́σαιτε | δῐκᾰ́σειᾰν, δῐκᾰ́σαιεν | |||||
imperative | δῐ́κᾰσον | δῐκᾰσᾰ́τω | δῐκᾰ́σᾰτον | δῐκᾰσᾰ́των | δῐκᾰ́σᾰτε | δῐκᾰσᾰ́ντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | ἐδῐκᾰσᾰ́μην | ἐδῐκᾰ́σω | ἐδῐκᾰ́σᾰτο | ἐδῐκᾰ́σᾰσθον | ἐδῐκᾰσᾰ́σθην | ἐδῐκᾰσᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἐδῐκᾰ́σᾰσθε | ἐδῐκᾰ́σᾰντο | ||||
subjunctive | δῐκᾰ́σωμαι | δῐκᾰ́σῃ | δῐκᾰ́σηται | δῐκᾰ́σησθον | δῐκᾰ́σησθον | δῐκᾰσώμεθᾰ | δῐκᾰ́σησθε | δῐκᾰ́σωνται | |||||
optative | δῐκᾰσαίμην | δῐκᾰ́σαιο | δῐκᾰ́σαιτο | δῐκᾰ́σαισθον | δῐκᾰσαίσθην | δῐκᾰσαίμεθᾰ | δῐκᾰ́σαισθε | δῐκᾰ́σαιντο | |||||
imperative | δῐ́κᾰσαι | δῐκᾰσᾰ́σθω | δῐκᾰ́σᾰσθον | δῐκᾰσᾰ́σθων | δῐκᾰ́σᾰσθε | δῐκᾰσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
passive | indicative | ἐδῐκᾰ́σθην | ἐδῐκᾰ́σθης | ἐδῐκᾰ́σθη | ἐδῐκᾰ́σθητον | ἐδῐκᾰσθήτην | ἐδῐκᾰ́σθημεν | ἐδῐκᾰ́σθητε | ἐδῐκᾰ́σθησᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | δῐκᾰσθῶ | δῐκᾰσθῇς | δῐκᾰσθῇ | δῐκᾰσθῆτον | δῐκᾰσθῆτον | δῐκᾰσθῶμεν | δῐκᾰσθῆτε | δῐκᾰσθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | δῐκᾰσθείην | δῐκᾰσθείης | δῐκᾰσθείη | δῐκᾰσθεῖτον, δῐκᾰσθείητον |
δῐκᾰσθείτην, δῐκᾰσθειήτην |
δῐκᾰσθεῖμεν, δῐκᾰσθείημεν |
δῐκᾰσθεῖτε, δῐκᾰσθείητε |
δῐκᾰσθεῖεν, δῐκᾰσθείησᾰν | |||||
imperative | δῐκᾰ́σθητῐ | δῐκᾰσθήτω | δῐκᾰ́σθητον | δῐκᾰσθήτων | δῐκᾰ́σθητε | δῐκᾰσθέντων | |||||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | δῐκᾰ́σαι | δῐκᾰ́σᾰσθαι | δῐκᾰσθῆναι | ||||||||||
participle | m | δῐκᾰ́σᾱς | δῐκᾰσᾰ́μενος | δῐκᾰσθείς | |||||||||
f | δῐκᾰ́σᾱσᾰ | δῐκᾰσᾰμένη | δῐκᾰσθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||
n | δῐκᾰ́σᾰν | δῐκᾰσᾰ́μενον | δῐκᾰσθέν | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Perfect: δεδῐ́κᾰκᾰ, δεδῐ́κᾰσμαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | δεδῐ́κᾰκᾰ | δεδῐ́κᾰκᾰς | δεδῐ́κᾰκε(ν) | δεδῐκᾰ́κᾰτον | δεδῐκᾰ́κᾰτον | δεδῐκᾰ́κᾰμεν | δεδῐκᾰ́κᾰτε | δεδῐκᾰ́κᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | δεδῐκᾰ́κω | δεδῐκᾰ́κῃς | δεδῐκᾰ́κῃ | δεδῐκᾰ́κητον | δεδῐκᾰ́κητον | δεδῐκᾰ́κωμεν | δεδῐκᾰ́κητε | δεδῐκᾰ́κωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | δεδῐκᾰ́κοιμῐ, δεδῐκᾰκοίην |
δεδῐκᾰ́κοις, δεδῐκᾰκοίης |
δεδῐκᾰ́κοι, δεδῐκᾰκοίη |
δεδῐκᾰ́κοιτον | δεδῐκᾰκοίτην | δεδῐκᾰ́κοιμεν | δεδῐκᾰ́κοιτε | δεδῐκᾰ́κοιεν | |||||
imperative | δεδῐ́κᾰκε | δεδῐκᾰκέτω | δεδῐκᾰ́κετον | δεδῐκᾰκέτων | δεδῐκᾰ́κετε | δεδῐκᾰκόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | δεδῐ́κᾰσμαι | δεδῐ́κᾰσαι | δεδῐ́κᾰσται | δεδῐ́κᾰσθον | δεδῐ́κᾰσθον | δεδῐκᾰ́σμεθᾰ | δεδῐ́κᾰσθε | δεδῐκᾰ́σᾰται | ||||
subjunctive | δεδῐκᾰσμένος ὦ | δεδῐκᾰσμένος ᾖς | δεδῐκᾰσμένος ᾖ | δεδῐκᾰσμένω ἦτον | δεδῐκᾰσμένω ἦτον | δεδῐκᾰσμένοι ὦμεν | δεδῐκᾰσμένοι ἦτε | δεδῐκᾰσμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | δεδῐκᾰσμένος εἴην | δεδῐκᾰσμένος εἴης | δεδῐκᾰσμένος εἴη | δεδῐκᾰσμένω εἴητον/εἶτον | δεδῐκᾰσμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην | δεδῐκᾰσμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν | δεδῐκᾰσμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε | δεδῐκᾰσμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν | |||||
imperative | δεδῐ́κᾰσο | δεδῐκᾰ́σθω | δεδῐ́κᾰσθον | δεδῐκᾰ́σθων | δεδῐ́κᾰσθε | δεδῐκᾰ́σθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | δεδῐκᾰκέναι | δεδῐκᾰ́σθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | δεδῐκᾰκώς | δεδῐκᾰσμένος | ||||||||||
f | δεδῐκᾰκυῖᾰ | δεδῐκᾰσμένη | |||||||||||
n | δεδῐκᾰκός | δεδῐκᾰσμένον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Pluperfect: ἐδεδῐκᾰ́σμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐδεδῐκᾰ́σμην | ἐδεδῐ́κᾰσο | ἐδεδῐ́κᾰστο | ἐδεδῐ́κᾰσθον | ἐδεδῐκᾰ́σθην | ἐδεδῐκᾰ́σμεθᾰ | ἐδεδῐ́κᾰσθε | ἐδεδῐκᾰ́σᾰτο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Derived terms
- δῐκᾰστής (dikastḗs)
References
- “δικάζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Greek
Etymology
Inherited from Ancient Greek δικάζω (dikázō).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ðiˈka.zo/
- Hyphenation: δι‧κά‧ζω
Conjugation
δικάζω δικάζομαι
Active voice ➤ | Passive voice ➤ | |||
Indicative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect ➤ | Perfective aspect ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect |
Non-past tenses ➤ | Present ➤ | Dependent ➤ | Present | Dependent |
1 sg | δικάζω | δικάσω | δικάζομαι | δικαστώ |
2 sg | δικάζεις | δικάσεις | δικάζεσαι | δικαστείς |
3 sg | δικάζει | δικάσει | δικάζεται | δικαστεί |
1 pl | δικάζουμε, [‑ομε] | δικάσουμε, [‑ομε] | δικαζόμαστε | δικαστούμε |
2 pl | δικάζετε | δικάσετε | δικάζεστε, δικαζόσαστε | δικαστείτε |
3 pl | δικάζουν(ε) | δικάσουν(ε) | δικάζονται | δικαστούν(ε) |
Past tenses ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Simple past ➤ | Imperfect | Simple past |
1 sg | δίκαζα | δίκασα | δικαζόμουν(α) | δικάστηκα |
2 sg | δίκαζες | δίκασες | δικαζόσουν(α) | δικάστηκες |
3 sg | δίκαζε | δίκασε | δικαζόταν(ε) | δικάστηκε |
1 pl | δικάζαμε | δικάσαμε | δικαζόμασταν, (‑όμαστε) | δικαστήκαμε |
2 pl | δικάζατε | δικάσατε | δικαζόσασταν, (‑όσαστε) | δικαστήκατε |
3 pl | δίκαζαν, δικάζαν(ε) | δίκασαν, δικάσαν(ε) | δικάζονταν, (δικαζόντουσαν) | δικάστηκαν, δικαστήκαν(ε) |
Future tenses ➤ | Continuous ➤ | Simple ➤ | Continuous | Simple |
1 sg | θα δικάζω ➤ | θα δικάσω ➤ | θα δικάζομαι ➤ | θα δικαστώ ➤ |
2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl | θα δικάζεις, … | θα δικάσεις, … | θα δικάζεσαι, … | θα δικαστείς, … |
Perfect aspect ➤ | Perfect aspect | |||
Present perfect ➤ | έχω, έχεις, … δικάσει έχω, έχεις, … δικαασμένο, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ |
έχω, έχεις, … δικαστεί είμαι, είσαι, … δικαασμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ | ||
Past perfect ➤ | είχα, είχες, … δικάσει είχα, είχες, … δικαασμένο, ‑η, ‑ο |
είχα, είχες, … δικαστεί ήμουν, ήσουν, … δικαασμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | ||
Future perfect ➤ | θα έχω, θα έχεις, … δικάσει θα έχω, θα έχεις, … δικαασμένο, ‑η, ‑ο |
θα έχω, θα έχεις, … δικαστεί θα είμαι, θα είσαι, … δικαασμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | ||
Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας). | |||
Imperative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect |
2 sg | δίκαζε | δίκασε | — | δικάσου |
2 pl | δικάζετε | δικάστε | δικάζεστε | δικαστείτε |
Other forms | Active voice | Passive voice | ||
Present participle➤ | δικάζοντας ➤ | δικαζόμενος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ | ||
Perfect participle➤ | έχοντας δικάσει ➤ | δικαασμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ | ||
Nonfinite form➤ | δικάσει | δικαστεί | ||
Notes Appendix:Greek verbs |
• (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |||
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