γέφυρα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms
  • βέφυρα (béphura) — Boeotian
  • δέφυρα (déphura) — Cretan
  • δίφουρα (díphoura) — Laconian

Etymology

Unknown. Compare Old Armenian կամուրջ (kamurǰ, “bridge”) and Hattic 𒄩𒄠𒈬𒊒𒊀 (ḫa-am-mu-ru-waₐ /⁠ḫamuruwa, ḫammuruwa, ḫāmuruwaₐ⁠/, “beam”). Beekes argues for a Pre-Greek origin.

Pronunciation
 

Noun

γέφῡρᾰ • (géphūra) f (genitive γεφῡ́ρᾱς); first declension

  1. dam, dyke
  2. battlefield
  3. bridge

Inflection
First declension of ἡ γέφῡρᾰ; τῆς γεφῡ́ρᾱς (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ἡ γέφῡρᾰ
hē géphūra		 τὼ γεφῡ́ρᾱ
tṑ gephū́rā		 αἱ γέφῡραι
hai géphūrai
Genitive τῆς γεφῡ́ρᾱς
tês gephū́rās		 τοῖν γεφῡ́ραιν
toîn gephū́rain		 τῶν γεφῡρῶν
tôn gephūrôn
Dative τῇ γεφῡ́ρᾳ
têi gephū́rāi		 τοῖν γεφῡ́ραιν
toîn gephū́rain		 ταῖς γεφῡ́ραις
taîs gephū́rais
Accusative τὴν γέφῡρᾰν
tḕn géphūran		 τὼ γεφῡ́ρᾱ
tṑ gephū́rā		 τᾱ̀ς γεφῡ́ρᾱς
tā̀s gephū́rās
Vocative γέφῡρᾰ
géphūra		 γεφῡ́ρᾱ
gephū́rā		 γέφῡραι
géphūrai
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms
  • γεφῡρεργάτης (gephūrergátēs)
  • γεφῡρίζω (gephūrízō)
  • γεφῡ́ριον (gephū́rion)
  • γεφῡρισμός (gephūrismós)
  • γεφῡριστής (gephūristḗs)
  • γεφῡροποιός (gephūropoiós)
  • γεφῡρουργία (gephūrourgía)
  • γεφῡρόω (gephūróō)
  • γεφῡ́ρωμα (gephū́rōma)
  • γεφῡ́ρωσις (gephū́rōsis)
  • γεφῡρωτής (gephūrōtḗs)

Descendants
  • Greek: γέφυρα (géfyra)

References
  • “γέφυρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “γέφυρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “γέφυρα”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • γέφυρα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
  • γέφυρα in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • γέφυρα in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
  • “γέφυρα”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
  • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek γέφυρα (géphura).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈʝefira/
  • Hyphenation: γέ‧φυ‧ρα

Noun

γέφυρα • (géfyra) f (plural γέφυρες)

  1. bridge (construction that spans a divide)
    κρεμαστή γέφυρα ― kremastí géfyra ― suspension bridge
  2. (dentistry) bridge
  3. (nautical) bridge
  4. (anatomy) pons

Declension
declension of γέφυρα
case     \     number singular plural
nominative γέφυρα • γέφυρες •
genitive γέφυρας • γεφυρών •
accusative γέφυρα • γέφυρες •
vocative γέφυρα • γέφυρες •

Derived terms
  • γεφυράκι n (gefyráki, “footbridge”)
  • γεφυροποιός m (gefyropoiós, “bridge builder”)
  • γεφυρώνω (gefyróno, “to bridge”)
  • γεφύρωση f (gefýrosi, “bridging”)
  • κρεμαστή γέφυρα f (kremastí géfyra, “suspension bridge”)
  • οδογέφυρα f (odogéfyra, “viaduct, road bridge, railway bridge”)
  • πεζογέφυρα f (pezogéfyra, “footbridge”)

See also

Further reading
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