ˉ

ˉ

1. (IPA) a mid floating tone.
2. (IPA, obsolete) a level tone.

   (when contrasted with low ⟨ˍ⟩ or mid ⟨˗⟩) a high level tone.

3. (poetry) Used to mark a long/stressed syllable in a metrical foot or verse: e.g. ⟨˘ˉ⟩ iamb, ⟨ˉ˘⟩ trochee, ⟨ˉˉ⟩ spondee. Also placed over vowel letters: see ⟨◌̄⟩.

(obsolete IPA): The mark is placed before the word or syllable that bears the tone. This use of the symbol has effectively been replaced by Chao tone letters and tone diacritics.

• ⟨ˍ⟩ (low level tone)
• ⟨˗⟩ (mid level tone)
• ⟨˘⟩ (short syllable)

ˉ

1. high rising tone.

ˉ

1. The first tone of Mandarin Chinese in Zhuyin script.

First tone is not normally written, but may be indicated for clarification.

• ˊ (“second tone”), ˇ (“third tone”), ˋ (“fourth tone”), ˙ (“neutral tone”)