życie

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *žitьje. By surface analysis, żyć + -cie. First attested in c. 1430.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /ʒʲɨt͡ɕɛː/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /ʒʲɨt͡ɕe/

Noun

życie n

  1. life; way of life, behavior
    • 1981-2001 [c. 1430], Elżbieta Belcarzowa, editor, Glosy polskie w łacińskich kazaniach średniowiecznych, volume II, page 28:
      Beati, qui esurient et siciunt iusticiam (Mat 5, 6), id est vite rectitudinem zycza prostego
      [Beati, qui esurient et siciunt iusticiam (Mat 5, 6), id est vite rectitudinem życia prostego]

Descendants

  • Masurian: zÿczie
  • Polish: życie
  • Silesian: życie

References

Polish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈʐɨ.t͡ɕɛ/
  • (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈʐɨ.t͡ɕe/
  • (file)
  • (file)
  • Rhymes: -ɨt͡ɕɛ
  • Syllabification: ży‧cie
  • Homophone: rzycie

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Polish życie. By surface analysis, żyć + -cie.

Noun

życie n

  1. (uncountable) verbal noun of żyć
  2. (chiefly uncountable) life (state of organisms preceding their death)
  3. (chiefly uncountable) life (process of being alive)
    Synonyms: egzystencja, żywot
  4. (uncountable) life (energy and vitality)
    Synonyms: energia, witalność
  5. (uncountable) life (lifeforms, generally or collectively)
  6. (uncountable) life (that which allows one to live)
    Synonyms: chleb powszedni, utrzymanie
  7. (chiefly uncountable) life (particular aspect of existence; general activity associated with something)
  8. (countable) life; lifespan (span of time during which an object operates)
    Synonyms: żywot, żywotność
  9. (countable, video games) life (chance to play that is lost when a mistake is made)
Declension
Derived terms
adjectives
adverbs
interjections
nouns
phrase
proverb
verbs
adjective
noun

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), życie is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 116 times in scientific texts, 32 times in news, 106 times in essays, 88 times in fiction, and 120 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 462 times, making it the 98th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

życie n

  1. locative singular of żyto

References

  1. Ida Kurcz (1990) “życie”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 798

Further reading

  • życie in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • życie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “życie”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • ŻYCIE”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 23.04.2014
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “życie”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “życie”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1927), “życie”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 8, Warsaw, page 728

Silesian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish życie. By surface analysis, żyć + -cie.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈʐɨt͡ɕɛ/
  • Rhymes: -ɨt͡ɕɛ
  • Syllabification: ży‧cie

Noun

życie n

  1. verbal noun of żyć
  2. life

Further reading

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