Worcester Guildhall
LocationWorcester, Worcestershire
Coordinates52°11′28″N 2°13′15″W / 52.1912°N 2.2208°W / 52.1912; -2.2208
Built1723
ArchitectThomas White
Architectural style(s)Queen Anne style
Listed Building – Grade I
Designated22 May 1954
Reference no.1389921
Worcester Guildhall is located in Worcestershire
Worcester Guildhall
Location of Worcester Guildhall in Worcestershire

The Worcester Guildhall is a municipal building in the High Street, Worcester, England. It is a Grade I listed building.[1]

History

The first guildhall on the site was a timber-framed structure constructed as a meeting place for local merchants in about 1227.[2] In 1717 civic leaders decided to replace the building with a grander structure.[3]

The current building, designed by Thomas White in the Queen Anne style, was completed in 1723.[1] The design involved a central bay and two wings with the central bay being flanked by two full-height Composite order columns with a pediment above displaying flute-playing cherubs and the Royal Arms.[1] At roof level, above the cornice, carved figures of Justice, Peace, Plenty, Chastisement and Hercules were erected together with four urns.[1] At ground floor level in the middle of the central bay was the main entrance which was flanked by Composite order columns with a fanlight and architrave above.[1] On either side of the entrance, statues of King Charles I and King Charles II were erected in niches; at first floor level, above the main entrance a statue of Queen Anne was erected, also in a niche.[1] Inside, a court room and a lower hall were established on the ground floor, and a council chamber and a large imposing assembly room were established on the first floor.[2] King George III described the assembly room as "a handsome gallery" when he visited it in August 1788.[4]

The building was used for cultural events: the Three Choirs Festival, which involved concerts given by the choirs of Gloucester, Hereford and Worcester, was regularly held there until the mid-18th century.[5] In the 18th century, Worcester also elected its members of Parliament at the Guildhall, a minimum requirement being that they should own freehold property worth 40 shillings a year; the decision was made by the loudest shouting rather than raising of hands.[6] The court room was used a facility for dispensing justice and accommodated the crown court and nisi prius court.[1] Citizens were given the privilege of being imprisoned underneath the Guildhall rather than in the town jail, except for the most serious offences.[6]

Sir Winston Churchill was presented with the Freedom of the City of Worcester at the Guildhall on 20 May 1950.[7] The Guildhall was the headquarters of the county borough of Worcester for much of the 20th century and, following the implementation of the Local Government Act 1972,[8] became the meeting place of enlarged Worcester City Council.[9] Queen Elizabeth II, accompanied by the Duke of Edinburgh, attended a reception at the Guildhall in July 2012, before undertaking a walkabout outside the building.[4]

Works of art in the Guildhall include portraits by Christopher William Hunneman of King George III[10] and of his wife, Queen Charlotte[11] and a portrait by James Sant of Queen Victoria.[12]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Historic England. "Guildhall, Worcester (1389921)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
  2. 1 2 "Worcester Guildhall". Discover Worcestershire. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  3. ↑ "Worcester Guildhall". Britain Express. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  4. 1 2 "The Queen comes to Worcester: Interesting facts about the visit". ITV. 11 July 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2020.
  5. ↑ Wollenberg, Susan; McVeigh, Simon (2017). Concert Life in Eighteenth Century Britain. Routledge. p. 22. ISBN 978-1138245440.
  6. 1 2 Willis-Bund, J W; Page, William, eds. (1924). "The city of Worcester: Introduction and borough". A History of the County of Worcester: Volume 4. London: British History Online. pp. 376–390. Retrieved 20 May 2018.
  7. ↑ "Freedom of the City of Worcester" (PDF). Worcester Civic Society. 2016. p. 3. Retrieved 15 August 2020.
  8. ↑ Local Government Act 1972. 1972 c.70. The Stationery Office Ltd. 1997. ISBN 0-10-547072-4.
  9. ↑ "Council Agenda" (PDF). Worcester City Council. 18 February 2020. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
  10. ↑ Hunneman, Christopher William. "George III (1738–1820)". Art UK. Retrieved 15 August 2020.
  11. ↑ Hunneman, Christopher William. "Queen Charlotte (1744–1818)". Art UK. Retrieved 15 August 2020.
  12. ↑ Sant, James. "Queen Victoria (1819–1901)". Art UK. Retrieved 15 August 2020.
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