Usnocetraria
Usnocetraria oakesiana
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Order: Lecanorales
Family: Parmeliaceae
Genus: Usnocetraria
M.J.Lai & J.C.Wei (2007)
Type species
Usnocetraria oakesiana
(Tuck.) M.J.Lai & J.C.Wei (2007)

Usnocetraria is a genus of foliose lichens in the family Parmeliaceae.

Taxonomy

The genus was circumscribed in 2007 by M.J.Lai and J.C.Wei as a segregate genus of Allocetraria, with Usnocetraria oakesiana selected as the type species.[1] Although eleven species were proposed for transfer into the new genus, only two of them were validly published combinations (Usnocetraria oakesiana and U. kurokawae) because the others lacked basionym citations. A 2009 phylogenetic study suggested that the other proposed Usnocetraria species were not closely related to the type species, and recommended that the genus should be monotypic for U. oakesiana.[2]

Usnocetraria is a member of the large lichen family Parmeliaceae.[3] In 2017, Divakar and colleagues used a then-recently developed "temporal phylogenetic" approach to identify temporal bands for specific taxonomic ranks in the family Parmeliaceae, suggesting that groups of species that diverged within the time window of 29.45–32.55 million years ago represent genera. They proposed to synonymize Usnocetraria with Cetraria, because the former group of species originated relatively recently and fell under the timeframe threshold for genus level.[4] This synonymy was not accepted in a later analysis.[5]

Species

As of April 2021, Species Fungorum accepts two species of Usnocetraria:[6]

  • Usnocetraria kurokawae (Shibuichi & K.Yoshida) M.J.Lai & J.C.Wei (2007)
  • Usnocetraria oakesiana (Tuck.) M.J.Lai & J.C.Wei (2007)

The following recombinations, all proposed by Lai and Wei,[1] have been rejected as not validly published:

  • Usnocetraria denticulata (Hue) M.J.Lai & J.C.Wei (2007)
  • Usnocetraria globulans (Nyl.) M.J.Lai & J.C.Wei (2007)
  • Usnocetraria potaninii (Oxner) M.J.Lai & J.C.Wei (2007)
  • Usnocetraria weii (X.Q.Gao & L.H.Chen) M.J.Lai & J.C.Wei (2007)
  • Usnocetraria xizangensis (J.C.Wei & Y.M.Jiang) M.J.Lai & J.C.Wei (2007)

Distribution

The type species, Usnocetraria oakesiana, has a wide distribution, having been recorded from Europe, Asia, and North America.[7] Usnocetraria kurokawae is a rare lichen species that is endemic to Japan. It was lectotypified in 2013.[8]

References

  1. 1 2 Lai, M.J.; Qian, Z.G.; Xu, L. (2007). "Synopsis of the cetrarioid lichen genera and species (Parmeliaceae, Lichenized Ascomycotina) in China". Journal of the National Taiwan Museum. 60 (1): 45–61.
  2. ↑ Thell, Arne; Högnabba, Filip; Elix, John A.; Feuerer, Tassilo; Kärnefelt, Ingvar; Myllys, Leena; Randlane, Tiina; Saag, Andres; Stenroos, Soili; Ahti, Teuvo; Seaward, Mark R.D. (2009). "Phylogeny of the cetrarioid core (Parmeliaceae) based on five genetic markers". The Lichenologist. 41 (5): 489–511. doi:10.1017/S0024282909990090. hdl:1885/51099. S2CID 84592469.
  3. ↑ Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq; Somayeh, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8. hdl:10481/61998.
  4. ↑ Divakar, Pradeep K.; Crespo, Ana; Kraichak, Ekaphan; Leavitt, Steven D.; Singh, Garima; Schmitt, Imke; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2017). "Using a temporal phylogenetic method to harmonize family- and genus-level classification in the largest clade of lichen-forming fungi". Fungal Diversity. 84: 101–117. doi:10.1007/s13225-017-0379-z. S2CID 40674310.
  5. ↑ Lücking, Robert (2019). "Stop the abuse of time! Strict temporal banding is not the future of rank-based classifications in Fungi (including lichens) and other organisms". Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences. 38 (3): 199–253. doi:10.1080/07352689.2019.1650517. S2CID 202859785.
  6. ↑ Source dataset. Species Fungorum Plus: Species Fungorum for CoL+. "Usnocetraria". Catalog of Life Version 2021-04-05. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
  7. ↑ Klepsland, Jon Tellef; Thell, Arne (2010). "Usnocetraria oakesiana (Parmeliaceae) new to Northern Europe". Graphis Scripta. 22: 14–17.
  8. ↑ Ohmura, Yoshihito; Yoshida, Kozo; Kashiwadani, Hiroyuki (2013). "Lectotypification of Cetraria kurokawae Shibuichi & K.Yoshida". Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series B, Botany. 39 (3): 147–149.
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