Laredo to Interstate 37

US 59 begins at the Mexico–US border with Loop 20 on the World Trade International Bridge over the Rio Grande in Laredo. The portion of US 59 that is co-signed with Loop 20 is also named the Bob Bullock Loop. At under 2 miles, the two highways run together concurrent with I-69W from the Mexico–US border until I-35 in Laredo, where I-69W temporarily ends. US 59 and Loop 20 continue to run together until just south of Lake Casa Blanca, where Loop 20 heads south to Mangana-Hein Road (and potentially into Mexico) and US 59 heads towards Freer; traveling in a mostly northeast direction. US 59 shares a short congruency with SH 44 in and around Freer. From Freer, US 59 passes through the southeastern part of McMullen County, but does not intersect any highways. The highway continues northeast, intersecting US 281 in George West, before intersecting I-37 about 55 miles north of Corpus Christi. Between Laredo and Interstate 37, US 59 passes through many rural areas and ranching sites. A significant portion of US 59 in Texas has a 75 MPH speed limit.

Interstate 37 to Houston

From I-37, US 59 heads northeast passing through Beeville. US 59 bypasses Victoria to the south, and becomes a divided highway, and has a series of interchanges, until it becomes a freeway south of Houston in Rosenberg and resumes the designation of I-69. Between Houston and Victoria, US 59 passes through Edna, Ganado, El Campo, and Wharton. US 59 intersects many major Texas highways in Houston, including I-10 (which goes to San Antonio and Beaumont) and I-45 (which goes to Dallas and Galveston).

Houston to Marshall

Leaving Houston, US 59 intersects Beltway 8 again on the northside of town, passing by Bush Intercontinental Airport and heads into Humble. Between Houston and Livingston, most of US 59 is a limited-access freeway but the I-69 designation temporarily ends at the Montgomery-Liberty county line. US 59 passes through or bypasses the towns of Cleveland, Shepherd before crossing the Trinity River, then US 59 passes through Livingston. 46 miles north of Livingston, US 59 bypasses Lufkin, where it overlaps US 69. After leaving Lufkin, US 59 crosses the Angelina River. 10 miles north of Lufkin, US 59 bypasses Nacogdoches and heads in an almost entirely east–west direction. Drivers wishing to stay on US 59 must turn left in Tenaha, where the highway intersects US 96 and ends its overlap with US 84. US 59 passes through Carthage before intersecting I-20 south of Marshall.

Marshall to Texarkana

US 59 intersects US 80 in Marshall, where US 59 is known as East End Boulevard (due to the fact the highway runs on the east side of town, near the city limits). US 59 passes through Jefferson, 15 miles west of Caddo Lake. US 59 passes through the towns of Linden and Atlanta before arriving in Bowie County. US 59 intersects SH 93 south of Texarkana, the old highway through the city. Shortly after, I-369 designation with US 59 when the freeway intersects Spur 151, where US 59 becomes a freeway on the westside of the city. Before US 59 intersects I-30, and overlaps I-30 until exit 223B, at the state line, I-369 designation ends. After leaving I-30, US 59 joins US 71, where both highways run on the state line between Texas and Arkansas, where both highways continue north towards DeQueen, Arkansas.

Carthage business loop

Business U.S. Highway 59-D (Bus. US 59-D), formerly Loop 455, is a 3.585-mile-long (5.769 km) business loop in Carthage.^[8] This is the oldest signed business route of US 59 in Texas, having been originally designated on October 21, 1959, with the hidden designation of Loop 455, after US 59 was re-routed and bypassed Carthage.^[9] Loop 455 was retired on June 21, 1990, and redesignated fully as Bus. US 59-D.^[8]

Nacogdoches business loop

Business U.S. Highway 59-F (Bus. US 59-F), formerly Loop 495, is a 6.639-mile-long (10.684 km) business loop in Nacogdoches.^[10] The loop was first commissioned on October 2, 1970, along the new Loop 224 bypass around the western side of Nacogdoches. Although signed as Bus. US 59, the route had the hidden designation of Loop 495.^[11] On June 21, 1990, Loop 495 was decommissioned and the loop was fully designated as Bus. US 59-F.^[10]

Lufkin business loop

Business U.S. Highway 59-G (Bus. US 59-G) is a 4.553-mile-long (7.327 km) business loop in Lufkin, Texas. The loop was commissioned on June 21, 1990, from an old section of US 59, after US 59 bypassed Lufkin, being rerouted onto the eastern section of Loop 227.^[12]

Burke–Diboll business loop

Business U.S. Highway 59-H (Bus. US 59-H) is a 6.7-mile (10.8 km) business loop that runs through Burke and Diboll. It was commissioned on May 25, 2023, from a former alignment of US 59, after that route was redesignated along a freeway bypass to the east of the cities.^[13] The bypass is not yet open to traffic as it is still under construction.

Livingston business loop

Business U.S. Highway 59-J (Bus. US 59-J), formerly Loop 90, is a 4.586-mile-long (7.380 km) business loop in Livingston.^[14] The loop was first designated as Loop 90 on June 23, 1981, when US 59 was re-routed on the western side of town along a new bypass.^[15] On June 21, 1990, Loop 90 was redesignated as Bus. US 59-J.^[14]

Splendora business loop

Business U.S. Highway 59-L (Bus. US 59-L), formerly Loop 512, is a 13.763-mile-long (22.149 km) business loop in Splendora.^[16] The loop was first designated on November 3, 1972, when US 59 was moved onto a bypass on the northwest side of town. Although the new route was signed as Bus. US 59, it was given the hidden designation of Loop 512.^[17] On June 21, 1990, Loop 512 was decommissioned and properly redesignated as Bus. US 59-L.^[16]

Wharton–Hungerford business loop

Business U.S. Highway 59-R (Bus. US 59-R) is a 4.010-mile-long (6.453 km) business loop between Wharton and Hungerford. The loop was designated on October 29, 1998, after US 59 was re-routed on an expressway along the northwest side of town.^[18]

El Campo business loop

Business U.S. Highway 59-S (Bus. US 59-S) is a 6.590-mile-long (10.606 km) business loop in El Campo. The loop was formed on April 23, 1997, after US 59 was rerouted on the southeast side of town on a new expressway.^[19]

Victoria business loop

Business U.S. Highway 59-T (Bus. US 59-T) is a 13.763-mile-long (22.149 km) business loop in Victoria. The route was formed on January 26, 1995, along a former section of US 59 through Victoria after US 59 proper was rerouted onto the southeastern segment of Loop 463.^[20] The loop starts at an interchange with US 59 and US 77 at the Zac Lentz Parkway southwest of Victoria, continuing on the route taken by US 59 between George West and Victoria. Approximately 2.8 miles (4.5 kilometres) east of the parkway, Bus. US 59-T meets Bus. US 77-S at a grade-separated interchange. Both Bus. US 59-T and Bus. US 77-S continue concurrently past both the southern termini of FM 285 and FM 1685 respectively, crossing a divided four-lane bridge over the Guadalupe River, then enter Victoria through the southwest side of town.^[21]

Both loops take a northeast direction onto Moody Street, then curve sharply right to the east on Rio Grande Street. At Main Street, both loops share a temporary wrong-way concurrency with US 87 for four city blocks to Navarro Street. US 87 diverges and continues south on Navarro Street, while Bus. US 77-S diverges north on the same cross street. Bus. US 59-T continues alone east through Victoria, along Houston Highway. After passing an interchange with Loop 463 at the Zac Lentz Parkway, the loop ends at the US 59 freeway on the eastern end of town.^[21]

George West business loop

Business U.S. Highway 59-X (Bus. US 59-X), formerly Spur 589, is a 6.639-mile-long (10.684 km) business loop in George West. The loop was originally formed when US 59 was rerouted south of downtown George West on March 28, 1989. The section between US 59 east of town and US 281 became Spur 589, while the remainder was signed and designated as US 281 only.^[23] Spur 589 was redesignated as Bus. US 59-X on June 21, 1990.^[22]

The loop starts at US 281 in town, at the intersection of Nueces Street and Houston Street. The loop continues six blocks east, crossing the railroad tracks, then curves southeast, ending at the US 59 expressway, outside of George West.^[24]

Laredo business loop

Business U.S. Highway 59-Z (Bus. US 59-Z) is a 3.533-mile-long (5.686 km) business loop in Laredo.^[1] The business loop was formed on February 27, 2014, from the older alignment of US 59 from Loop 20 to I-35, after US 59 proper was rerouted onto Loop 20 westbound to the World Trade International Bridge at the international border.^[25] On June 26, 2014, the section of US 59 and Loop 20 between I-35 and the border was designated as a segment of I-69W.^[26] Bus. US 59-Z is known as Saunders Street along its entire length, beginning at I-35 exit 2 and ending at the US 59/Loop 20 interchange, at the eastern end of Laredo.^[27]