The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Basel (or Basle, in the once-preferred English spelling).

Established in the 4th century, the city rose to importance in the medieval period as a bishop's seat. In the 15th century it became an important center of Renaissance humanism and, in the 16th century, of the Protestant Reformation. Basel joined the Swiss Confederacy in 1501. In the 19th century, Basel was a center of Industrialisation, and it remains one of the major cities of contemporary Switzerland.

Early history

  • 150 BC – Settlement of the Gaulish Rauraci on the northwestern outskirts of the present city
  • 58 BC
    • Rauraci together with Helvetii try to emigrate to Gaul, but are defeated at the Battle of Bibracte by Julius Caesar and sent back to their homeland
    • Returning Rauraci build a fortified settlement, called oppidum (located in today's Basel Cathedral hill)
  • c. 44 BC – Augusta Raurica is founded by the Romans some 5 km from the site of the future city.
  • c. 15 BC – Successful colonization of the area supported by the Augustus's conquest of the central Alps
  • 2nd C. AD
    • Augusta Raurica becomes a prosperous commercial trading centre and the capital of a local Roman province
    • Population reaches approximately twenty thousand people
  • 250 AD – Powerful earthquake damages a large part of the city
  • ca.260 AD – Alemanni tribes and/or marauding Roman troops destroy Augusta Raurica
  • ca.300 AD, following the loss of the Limes Germanicus and the right bank of the Rhine River, the Roman army builds a castra (fort) named Castrum Rauracense near the old site of Augusta Raurica. It was intended to serve as the headquarters of the legio I Martia and to protect a ford over the Rhine.
  • 4th century AD
    • The fort grows in importance because it commands a bridge that lies along the road from Gaul to the Danube River.
    • Emperors Constantius II and Julian assemble their armies at the Castrum Rauracense before marching to battle against the Alemanni.[1]
    • A church is built near Castrum Rauracense. The fort and neighboring church become the seat of a bishop, with the bishop first being mentioned in 346.[1]
  • 374 AD – The town named Basilea or Basilia (from Greek Basileia, Βασιλεια "kingship") is documented[2] [3]
  • ca.400 AD – Following the collapse of the Roman Empire, the Roman troops withdraw from Castrum Rauracense and Basilea, the Germanic Alemanni settled in
  • 7th century AD – The bishop moves to Basel and the settlement at Castrum Rauracense declines in importance

Middle Ages

Old Swiss Confederacy

Modern history

After 1945

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Kaiseraugst in Roman Times in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  2. ↑ The Encyclopedia Americana, Grolier Incorporated 1999, p. 308
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Britannica 1910.
  4. ↑ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Switzerland". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
  5. ↑ Overall 1870.
  6. ↑ "Discover Switzerland".
  7. ↑ Wood, 285–286, 313
  8. ↑ Wild, Matt, Dölf, Christophe Phillip (2005). Zeugnisse jüdischen Lebens aus den mittelalterlichen Städten Zürich und Basel», in: Kunst und Architektur in der Schweiz. Synagogen 56:2. pp. 14–20.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ↑ "Geschichtliches". www.kuerschner-basel.ch. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  10. ↑ Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum (1996). History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-15510-4.
  11. ↑ Haydn 1910.
  12. ↑ Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Switzerland: Basel". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. hdl:2027/uc1.c3450632 – via HathiTrust.
  13. ↑ "Bâle". Switzerland. Coblenz: Karl Baedeker. 1863.
  14. ↑ "Switzerland". Political Chronology of Europe. Europa Publications. 2003. pp. 248+. ISBN 978-1-135-35687-3.
  15. 1 2 Patrick Robertson (2011). Robertson's Book of Firsts. Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-1-60819-738-5.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Evolution de la population des communes 1850–2000 (xls) (in French), Swiss Confederation, Federal Statistical Office, 2005
  17. ↑ Haumann, Erlanger, Kury, Meyer, Wichers. Juden in Basel und Umgebung Zur Geschichte einer Minderheit. Darstellung und Quellen für den Gebrauch an Schulen. Schwabe Verlagsgruppe AG Schwabe Verlag.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  18. ↑ Vernon N. Kisling, ed. (2000). "Zoological Gardens of Switzerland (chronological list)". Zoo and Aquarium History. USA: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-3924-5.
  19. ↑ Colin Lawson, ed. (2003). "Orchestras Founded in the 20th Century (chronological list)". Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00132-8.
  20. ↑ Leo Schelbert (2014). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Switzerland (2nd ed.). Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4422-3352-2.
  21. ↑ "Garden Search: Switzerland". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
  22. ↑ ""Judentum», in: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz HLS online, 2016".
  23. ↑ "Basle air crash: Memorial service marks 40th anniversary". BBC News. Retrieved 29 May 2022.

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

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