"The Poor People" is a short story written by Victor Hugo in 1854, translated into Russian by Lidia Veselitskaya,[1] and then rewritten or retold by Leo Tolstoy in 1908. It is the story of a woman, the protagonist ("Zhanna", "Jeanne" or "Jeanna", depending on the translator), her husband, their five children, and how some romantic feelings survive amidst their struggle in poverty.[2] According to Sophia Tolstoy, in the story, the wife of another fisherman dies while giving birth, and Jeanne must take in the children.[3]

According to American philologist John Andrew Frey, the work was first published in 1854 in the series "Legends of the Centuries."[1][2]

It was republished in 1967 by University of California Press[4] and in 2000 by Zondervan Publishing House.[5]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Leo Tolstoy (2000). Divine and human and other stories. Translated by Peter Sekirin. Zondervan Publishing House. p. 19. ISBN 9780310223672.
  2. 1 2 John Andrew Frey, Victor Hugo (1999). A Victor Hugo Encyclopedia. Greenwood Publishing. p. 197. ISBN 9780313298967.
  3. ↑ Sophia Tolstoy (1985). O. A. Golinenko (ed.). The Diaries of Sophia Tolstoy. Random House. p. 286. ISBN 9780394528182.
  4. ↑ Leo Tolstoy (1967). "Poor People". In Miriam Morton (ed.). A Harvest of Russian Children's Literature. University of California Press. p. 200. ISBN 9780520008861.
  5. ↑ Leo Tolstoy (2000). "The Poor People". Divine and human and other stories. Zondervan Publishing House. p. 49. ISBN 9780310223672.


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