The Dreaming
Studio album by
Kate Bush
Released13 September 1982 (1982-09-13)
RecordedSeptember 1980 – May 1982
StudioAdvision, Odyssey, Abbey Road and Townhouse, (all) London
Genre
Length43:25
LabelEMI
ProducerKate Bush
Kate Bush chronology
Never for Ever
(1980)		 The Dreaming
(1982)		 Kate Bush
(1983)
Kate Bush studio album chronology
Never for Ever
(1980)		 The Dreaming
(1982)		 Hounds of Love
(1985)
Singles from The Dreaming
  1. "Sat in Your Lap"
    Released: 21 June 1981
  2. "The Dreaming"
    Released: 26 July 1982
  3. "There Goes a Tenner"
    Released: 2 November 1982[lower-alpha 1]
  4. "Suspended in Gaffa"
    Released: 2 November 1982[lower-alpha 2]
  5. "Night of the Swallow"
    Released: 21 November 1983[lower-alpha 3]

The Dreaming is the fourth studio album by English singer-songwriter Kate Bush, released on 13 September 1982 by EMI Records. Recorded over two years, the album was produced entirely by Bush and is often characterised as her most uncommercial and experimental release. The Dreaming peaked at No. 3 on the UK album chart and has been certified Silver by the BPI, but initially sold less than its predecessors and was met with mixed critical reception. Five singles from the album were released, including the UK No. 11 "Sat in Your Lap" and the title track.

The critical standing of the album has improved significantly in recent decades.[6] A public poll conducted by NPR ranked The Dreaming as the 24th greatest album ever made by a female artist.[7] Slant Magazine listed the album at No. 71 on its list of "Best Albums of the 1980s".[8] It is also included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die,[9] the Mojo "Top 50 Eccentric Albums of All Time" list[10] and The Word magazine's "Great Underrated Albums of Our Time" list.[11] Musicians such as Björk, Steven Wilson of Porcupine Tree, and Big Boi of Outkast have cited The Dreaming as one of their favourite albums.[12][13][14]

Recording and composition

Bush played the Fairlight CMI for this album.

Bush's third album Never for Ever had been a co-production between her and Jon Kelly. For her fourth album, she elected to produce the work entirely herself. With her newfound freedom, Bush experimented with production techniques, employing a diverse blend of musical styles. She made extensive use of the Fairlight CMI digital sampling synthesizer, which she had first used on Never for Ever. She also collaborated with a variety of engineers, including Nick Launay, who had previously worked with artists such as Public Image Ltd and Phil Collins.[6] Recording began around the release of Never for Ever, with the first demo for "Sat in Your Lap" being laid down in September 1980, inspired after Bush attended a Stevie Wonder concert.

Originally, Bush wanted Hugh Padgham to work with her as an engineer on the album, having been impressed with his work on Peter Gabriel's eponymous third album. But due to Padgham's rather busy schedule at the time - he was doing final work on Genesis' Abacab and was yet to co-produce with the Police on Ghost in the Machine - he was only able to work with her for a few weeks, engineering just the backing tracks for "Sat in Your Lap", "Leave It Open" and "Get Out of My House".[15] Hence Nick Launay took over for the Townhouse sessions.

According to critic Simon Reynolds, "armed with the Fairlight and other state-of-the-art machines, Bush pushed her existing maximalist tendencies to the brink of overload."[16] In June 1981, the first single was released, "Sat in Your Lap", which peaked at No.11 in the UK, but the rest of the album was slow to develop, with Bush saying she suffered from writer's block.[6] Over the summer of 1981, Bush worked on the album at Abbey Road Studios and Odyssey Studios as well as working with Irish folk bands Planxty and the Chieftains in Dublin.[17] After long days in the studio, Bush decided to take a break from the album in the latter part of 1981 and resumed work in the early months of 1982 – laying overdubs and other final touches throughout the period January to May 1982 at Advision Studios.

Harry Houdini in 1918
Stephen King in 2007
Escape artist Harry Houdini (left) and The Shining (author Stephen King pictured right) were among Bush's inspirations for the songs' subjects.

The Dreaming has been characterised as an experimental release.[18][6][19] The album employs folk instruments such as mandolins, uilleann pipes, and didgeridoos,[20] shifting time signatures and textures, polyrhythmic percussion, samples[6] and vocal loops.[21] Its songs draw inspiration from a variety of sources, including old crime films ("There Goes a Tenner"), a documentary about the war in Vietnam ("Pull Out the Pin"), the plight of Indigenous Australians ("The Dreaming"), the life of Harry Houdini ("Houdini") and Stephen King's novel The Shining ("Get Out of My House"). Other tracks explore more personal issues; "Sat in Your Lap" examines feelings of existential frustration and the search for knowledge, while "Leave It Open" speaks of the need to acknowledge and express the darker sides of one's personality.[22][23] The Quietus suggested that "The Dreaming's disparate narratives frequently seem to be tropes for Bush's quest for artistic autonomy and the anxieties that accompany it."[6] Barry Walters of Pitchfork described its sound as more similar to experimental post-punk bands such as Siouxsie and the Banshees and Public Image Ltd in comparison to her previous works.[24]

Release and commercial performance

Bush in 1982

The album was released on 13 September 1982.[25] The album peaked at No. 3 in the UK. It however remained on the chart for only 10 weeks, making this Bush's lowest-selling album, being certified just silver.[26][27]

"The main thing I heard was 'uncommercial'... the label that the press, the record company put on it. But for an uncommercial record to go straight in at No.3 in the charts seems ironic to me."

— Kate Bush (1984)[28]

In November the next (and final UK release) single, "There Goes a Tenner", was released in the UK. It is Bush's only single not to enter the UK top 75.[26] In Europe, "Suspended in Gaffa" was released instead, which performed better chartwise. Belatedly, another single, "Night of the Swallow" was released in Ireland in November 1983.

Despite the album's relatively lacklustre sales elsewhere, The Dreaming was Bush's first album to dent the US Billboard Top 200, largely due to the growing influence of college radio. Following this, an EP was released in 1983, which also charted. In 1984, her second album, Lionheart, and Never for Ever, her third album, were belatedly released in the US.

With the lengthy and expensive studio time used to complete the album, EMI Records were concerned at the relatively low yield of the album. Following this, Bush decided to build her own studio where she could be free to spend as much time as she liked. Although her next album, Hounds of Love (1985), was another long-gestating project, it returned Bush to the top of the charts.

The album cover depicts a scene described in the lyrics to the song "Houdini". In the picture shown, Bush is acting as Harry Houdini's wife Bess, holding a key in her mouth, which she is about to pass on to him. The photograph is rendered in sepia, with just the gold key and Bush's eye make-up showing any colour. The man with her on the cover photograph was her bass player, engineer and then-partner Del Palmer. The scene refers to the story of Bess Houdini and her attempts to communicate with her deceased husband Harry with a code that only Harry and Bessie knew about, to be sure that the spirit medium was not a fraud. The code was: Rosabelle – answer – tell – pray – answer – look – tell – answer – answer – tell. In 2023, Joe Lynch of Billboard ranked it the 96th best album cover of all time.[29]

Critical reception

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[21]
Encyclopedia of Popular Music[30]
The Great Rock Discography6/10[31]
Mojo[32]
MusicHound Rock[33]
Pitchfork7.7/10[34]
The Rolling Stone Album Guide[35]
Smash Hits8/10[36]
Spin Alternative Record Guide9/10[37]
The Village VoiceB+[20]

Initial response

Upon its release, The Dreaming met with a mixed critical reception. Many were baffled by the unconventional techniques and dense soundscapes Bush had employed.[6] Writing for Smash Hits, Neil Tennant described the album as "very weird. She's obviously trying to become less commercial."[6] Colin Irwin of Melody Maker wrote that "initially it is bewildering and not a little preposterous, but try to hang on through the twisted overkill and the histrionic fits and there's much reward." He labelled "Suspended in Gaffa" the only "vaguely conventional track" and predicted the album failing in the charts. American critic Robert Christgau wrote that "the revelation is the dense, demanding music", calling it "the most impressive Fripp/Gabriel-style art-rock album of the postpunk refulgence."[20] Jon Young of Trouser Press called it "a triumph of inventive songwriting and unpredictable performances" but warned that "its sensory overload will drive away the less than dedicated."[38]

Legacy

In a later review AllMusic called it "a theatrical and abstract piece of work", as well as "a brilliant predecessor to the charming beauty of 1985's Hounds of Love."[21] The Quietus called it "a brave volte face from a mainstream artist" and "a startlingly modern record too", noting its "organic hybridization, the use of digital and analogue techniques, its use of modern wizardry to access atavistic states."[6] In 2014, critic Simon Reynolds called The Dreaming a "wholly unfettered mistress-piece" and "a delirious, head-spinning experience".[16] Bush herself has called The Dreaming her "She's gone mad album" and said it was not particularly commercial. On later revisiting the album she said she was surprised by the sound, saying that it was quite an angry record.[39] Uncut has said that it was a "multi-layered, polyrhythmic and wildly experimental album [and] remains a landmark work".[40]

In the 2010s, musicians Björk and Big Boi cited The Dreaming as one of their favourite albums.[12][14] Musician Steven Wilson also stated that the album is one of his favourites and that his 2015 album, Hand. Cannot. Erase., was musically influenced by it.[41]

Track listing

All tracks written, arranged and produced by Kate Bush, except pipes and strings arrangements on "Night of the Swallow" arranged by Bill Whelan, and strings arrangements on "Houdini" by Dave Lawson and Andrew Powell.

Side one
No.TitleLength
1."Sat in Your Lap"3:29
2."There Goes a Tenner"3:24
3."Pull Out the Pin"5:26
4."Suspended in Gaffa"3:54
5."Leave It Open"3:20
Side two
No.TitleLength
6."The Dreaming"4:41
7."Night of the Swallow"5:22
8."All the Love"4:29
9."Houdini"3:48
10."Get Out of My House"5:25
Total length:43:25

Personnel

Credits are adapted from The Dreaming liner notes.[42]

Other voices
  • Paddy Bush, Ian Bairnson, Stewart Arnold and Gary Hurst – backing vocals (1)
  • Paddy Bush – backing vocals (6, 10)
  • David Gilmour – backing vocals (3)
  • Percy Edwards – animals (6)
  • Gosfield Goers – crowd (6)
  • Richard Thornton – choirboy (8)
  • Gordon Farrell – "Houdini" (9)
  • Del Palmer – "Rosabel Believe" (9)
  • Paul Hardiman – "Eeyore" (10)
  • Esmail Sheikh – drum talk (10)
Technical
  • Kate Bush – producer
  • Paul Hardiman – recording engineer at Advision and Odyssey Studios, all mixes at Advision Studios
  • Teri Reed, David Taylor – assistant engineers
  • David Taylor – mixing assistant
  • Haydn Bendall – engineer at Abbey Road Studios
  • Danny Dawson and John Barrett – assistant engineers
  • Hugh Padgham and Nick Launay – engineer at Townhouse Studios
  • George Chambers, Howard Gray and Nick Cook – assistant engineers
  • Peter Wooliscroft – digital editing
  • Ian Cooper – mastering engineer

Charts

Certifications and sales

Region CertificationCertified units/sales
Japan (Oricon Charts) — 16,850[48]
United Kingdom (BPI)[59] Silver 60,000^
United States — 42,000[60]

^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Released in the United Kingdom and Ireland exclusively.
  2. ↑ Released in continental Europe and Australia exclusively.
  3. ↑ Released in Ireland exclusively.
  4. ↑ Uncredited in the 2019 remaster.[43]

References

  1. ↑ Lindsay, Matthew (11 September 2012). "30 Years On: The Dreaming By Kate Bush". The Quietus. Retrieved 23 December 2015.
  2. ↑ "CG: Kate bush". Robert Christgau. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  3. ↑ Grimstad, Paul (4 September 2007). "What is Avant-Pop?". Brooklyn Rail. Retrieved 1 October 2016.
  4. ↑ Smith, Bradley (1998). The Billboard Guide to Progressive Music. Billboard Books. p. 55. ISBN 978-0823076659.
  5. ↑ Hegarty, Paul; Halliwen, Martin (2011). Beyond and Before: Progressive Rock Since the 1960s. Bloomsbury Books. p. 302/discography. ISBN 978-0-82644-483-7.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "30 Years On: The Dreaming By Kate Bush". The Quietus. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  7. ↑ "Turning The Tables: The 150 Greatest Albums Made By Women (As Chosen By You)". NPR. 9 April 2018. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
  8. ↑ "The 100 Best Albums of the 1980s | Feature". Slant Magazine. 5 March 2012. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  9. ↑ "Rocklist.net...Steve Parker...1001 Albums". Rocklistmusic.co.uk. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  10. ↑ "Mojo – 100 greatest singles of all time". Muzieklijstjes.nl. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  11. ↑ "Rocklist.net...Steve Parker...The Word Lists". Rocklistmusic.co.uk. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  12. 1 2 "Alex Ross: The Rest Is Noise: My Favorite Records: Björk". The Rest Is Noise. 13 November 2011. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  13. ↑ Ewing, Jerry (14 March 2021). "Watch Steven Wilson discuss Kate Bush's The Dreaming on Classic Album Sundays". Louder. Archived from the original on 25 May 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
  14. 1 2 Isenberg, Daniel (8 January 2013). "Kate Bush, The Dreaming (1982) – Big Boi's 25 Favorite Albums". Complex.com. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  15. ↑ "My 80sography: Hugh Padgham (producer) (pt.4, Genesis, Sting, Dream Academy, Brian Wilson, Phil Collins)". podcasts.apple.com (Podcast). 28 March 2021. Retrieved 3 June 2021.
  16. 1 2 Reynolds, Simon (21 August 2014). "Kate Bush, the queen of art-pop who defied her critics". The Guardian. Retrieved 5 March 2016.
  17. ↑ "Gaffaweb – Kate Bush – THE GARDEN – A Chronology of Kate Bush's Career". Gaffa.org. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  18. ↑ "Kate Bush – Album By Album – Uncut". Uncut.co.uk. 22 August 2014. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  19. ↑ Paul Simpson (2003). The Rough Guide to Cult Pop. Rough Guides. ISBN 9781843532293. Retrieved 8 February 2016 – via Internet Archive. kate bush experimental pop.
  20. 1 2 3 Christgau, Robert (26 April 1983). "Christgau's Consumer Guide". The Village Voice. Retrieved 5 December 2011.
  21. 1 2 3 Wilson, MacKenzie. "The Dreaming – Kate Bush". AllMusic. Retrieved 3 September 2005.
  22. ↑ Bush, Kate. "Kate's KBC article Issue 12". KBC Newsletter. Retrieved 3 April 2007.
  23. ↑ John P Lucas. "Kate Bush: 10 of the best". The Guardian. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  24. ↑ Walters, Barry (12 June 2016). "Kate Bush The Dreaming". Pitchfork. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
  25. ↑ The Whole Story (Media notes). EMI Canada. PWAS17242.
  26. 1 2 "Kate Bush | full Official Chart History". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  27. ↑ "BRIT Certified". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  28. ↑ BBC Radio 1: 'Saturday Live', 25 February 1984
  29. ↑ Lynch, Joe (7 August 2023). "The 100 Best Album Covers of All Time". Billboard. Retrieved 8 August 2023.
  30. ↑ Larkin, Colin (2011). The Encyclopedia of Popular Music (5th concise ed.). Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-85712-595-8.
  31. ↑ Strong, Martin C. (2006). "Kate Bush". The Great Rock Discography. Canongate U.S. pp. 146–47. ISBN 978-184195-827-9.
  32. ↑ Sutcliffe, Phil (June 2011). "A Magnificent Obsession". Mojo. No. 211. pp. 82–83.
  33. ↑ Galens, David (1999). Graff, Gary; Durchholz, Daniel (eds.). MusicHound Rock: The Essential Album Guide (2nd ed.). Farmington Hills, MI: Visible Ink Press. pp. 179–80. ISBN 1-57859-061-2.
  34. ↑ Carr, Daphne (19 January 2019). "Kate Bush: The Dreaming". Pitchfork. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
  35. ↑ Considine, J. D. (2004). "Kate Bush". In Brackett, Nathan; Hoard, Christian (eds.). The New Rolling Stone Album Guide (4th ed.). Simon & Schuster. pp. 122–23. ISBN 0-7432-0169-8.
  36. ↑ Hepworth, David (16 September 1982). "Kate Bush: The Dreaming". Smash Hits. Vol. 4, no. 19. p. 25.
  37. ↑ Weisbard, Eric; Marks, Craig, eds. (1995). Spin Alternative Record Guide. Vintage Books. ISBN 0-679-75574-8.
  38. ↑ Young, Jon. "Kate Bush: The Dreaming review". Trouser Press.
  39. ↑ "Gaffaweb – Kate Bush – REACHING OUT – Q – "Booze, Fags, Blokes And Me" – December 1993". Gaffa.org. 1 November 1993. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  40. ↑ "Kate Bush – Album By Album - Uncut". Uncut. 22 August 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2017.
  41. ↑ "Steven Wilson at AIR Studios – Part 2: Concept and Inspiration". Steven Wilson official YouTube channel. Retrieved 28 June 2020
  42. ↑ The Dreaming (CD booklet). Kate Bush. EMI Records. 1982.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  43. ↑ The Dreaming (liner notes). Kate Bush. Fish People, Parlophone. 2019. 0190295568955.{{cite AV media}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  44. ↑ Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992. St Ives, NSW: Australian Chart Book. ISBN 0-646-11917-6.
  45. ↑ "Top RPM Albums: Issue 6941a". RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
  46. ↑ "Dutchcharts.nl – Kate Bush – The Dreaming" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  47. ↑ "Offiziellecharts.de – Kate Bush – The Dreaming" (in German). GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  48. 1 2 Oricon Album Chart Book: Complete Edition 1970–2005. Roppongi, Tokyo: Oricon Entertainment. 2006. ISBN 4-87131-077-9.
  49. ↑ "Norwegiancharts.com – Kate Bush – The Dreaming". Hung Medien. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
  50. ↑ "Swedishcharts.com – Kate Bush – The Dreaming". Hung Medien. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
  51. ↑ "Official Albums Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
  52. ↑ "Kate Bush Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
  53. ↑ "Official Scottish Albums Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  54. ↑ "Official Albums Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
  55. ↑ "Official Independent Albums Chart Top 50". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
  56. ↑ "Dutch charts jaaroverzichten 1982" (ASP) (in Dutch). Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  57. ↑ "Les Albums (CD) de 1982 par InfoDisc" (in French). infodisc.fr. Archived from the original (PHP) on 14 June 2012. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
  58. ↑ "Complete UK Year-End Album Charts". Archived from the original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved 12 September 2011.
  59. ↑ "British album certifications – Kate Bush – The Dreaming". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
  60. ↑ Caulfield, Keith (22 November 2005). "Ask Billboard: Bush League". Billboard. Archived from the original on 28 March 2019. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
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