Scoria cone of Taylors Hill with Māori kumara pits in left foreground.

Taylors Hill (also Te Taurere or Taurere), is a volcano in the Auckland volcanic field. It erupted about 33,000 years ago.[1] Its scoria cone reaches 56 m (184 ft) high.

It was the site of a Māori pā (fortification), and retains earthworks from that era such as kūmara (sweet potato) pits and terracing. It was most likely first occupied in 1400s, and was an area where ōnewa (greywacke) was quarried to make toki (stone adzes).[2]

Waiorohe (Karaka Bay) was a mooring site of Tainui waka inside the west heads of the Tāmaki. From here Horoiwi left the waka and settled with the Tangata whenua at Te Pane o Horoiwi. Te Keteanataua and Taihaua disembarked and made their way to Taurere, whilst Taikehu and others went on by foot to explore the upper reaches of the river and the shores of the Manukau Harbour. The Karaka trees of the bay descend from the sacred Karaka grove Te Uru-Karaka a Parehuia of Taurere Pa.

Until the 18th century the area around Taylors Hill was the traditional eastern boundary for Waiohua lands,[2] After the pā was attacked by Ngāti Whātua around the year 1750, Waiohua retreated to South Auckland.[3][4] Ngāti Whātua gifted the land to Ngāti Pāoa in the late 1700s.[2]

The volcano is named for William Taylor, who purchased the land in 1845.[2] The volcano's lower slopes and scoria mounds to the east and south were quarried away following European settlement, with only the north-west section of the volcanic area remaining.[2] The area around the volcanic cone became a public reserve in the 1920s.[2]

Geology

It is a basaltic monogenetic volcano with central scoria cones, that formed last in the eruptive sequence, lava flows directed to the north-east and west, and tuff deposits for perhaps 500 m (1,600 ft) from the central cone from an initial phreatomagmatic eruption.[5]: 231–3  While now on the eastern shore of the tidal Tāmaki River, this is due to postglacial sea-level rise after its eruption inland between 32-34,000 years ago which can be timed fairly accurately because of it's distinctive palaeomagnetic characteristics.[5]: 233  Within the tuff ring have been found distinctive lithic clasts that are evidence that the erupted magma traversed the eastern border of the ophiolitic Dun Mountain-Maitai Terrane.[5]: 238 

References

  1. ↑ Lindsay, JM; Leonard, GS; Smid, ER; Hayward, BW (December 2011). "Age of the Auckland Volcanic Field: a review of existing data". New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 54 (4): 379–401. doi:10.1080/00288306.2011.595805.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Leahy, Anne (1991). "EXCAVATIONS AT TAYLOR'S HILL, R11/96, AUCKLAND". Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum. 28: 33–68. ISSN 0067-0464.
  3. ↑ "Auckland: Conquerors and settlers". The New Zealand Herald. 24 August 2010. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  4. ↑ Te Ākitai Waiohua (24 August 2010). "CULTURAL VALUES ASSESSMENT BY TE ĀKITAI WAIOHUA for MATUKUTŪREIA QUARRY PRIVATE PLAN CHANGE" (PDF). Auckland Council. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  5. 1 2 3 Spörli, K. B.; Black, P. M.; Lindsay, J. M. (2015). "Excavation of buried Dun Mountain–Maitai terrane ophiolite by volcanoes of the Auckland Volcanic field, New Zealand". New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 28 (3): 229–243. doi:10.1080/00288306.2015.1035285.
  • City of Volcanoes: A geology of Auckland - Searle, Ernest J.; revised by Mayhill, R.D.; Longman Paul, 1981. First published 1964. ISBN 0-582-71784-1.
  • Volcanoes of Auckland: The Essential Guide. Hayward, B.W., Murdoch, G., Maitland, G.; Auckland University Press, 2011.
  • Volcanoes of Auckland: A Field Guide. Hayward, B.W.; Auckland University Press, 2019, 335 pp. ISBN 0-582-71784-1.

36°51′51″S 174°52′12″E / 36.86422°S 174.86994°E / -36.86422; 174.86994

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