Tamralipta Jatiya Sarkar
তাম্রলিপ্ত জাতীয় সরকার
Independent parallel government
Formation17 December 1942 (1942-12-17)
Extinction8 August 1944 (1944-08-08)
TerritoryTamluk, Bengal Presidency
Executive branch
SarbadhinayakSatish Chandra Samanta

The Tamralipta Jatiya Sarkar (Bengali : তাম্রলিপ্ত জাতীয় সরকার) or Tamluk National Government was an independent parallel government established in the areas of Tamluk and Contai subdivisions, now in Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India,[1][2] during the Quit India Movement (1942-1944). It was the first people’s government, which was established in British India amidst sloganeering of ‘British, Leave India!’, and had the honour of being only parallel government running independently for two years during British Raj.[3] This national government was formed by Satish Chandra Samanta, who was the supreme leader till his arrest in June 1943, and he was aided by several ministers and protagonists like Sushil Kumar Dhara, Ajoy Mukherjee and Matangini Hazra. The parallel government had set up police stations, military departments, courts and revenue collection system, and had completely overthrown the civil government of the British by dispensing justice, maintaining peace and security, and helping the poor and the distressed.[4][5][6] It was dismantled at the instance of Mahatma Gandhi on 8 August 1944.[7]

Satish Chandra Samanta, the Sarbadhinayak of the parallel national government

The rebels of Midnapore were inspired by Gandhi, but they did not confine themselves to the Gandhian practice of non-violence. It was not Gandhi’s ‘ahimsa’ which moved the rebels so much as his precept ‘Do or Die’. A good deal of underground literature (including that of the ‘Biplabi’, the mouthpiece of the Tamralipta jatiya Sarkar) cropped up with that precept as the motto. The Jatiya Sarkar launched an armed militia 'Vidyut Vahini', commanded by Sushil Kumar Dhara, in the hope of helping Subhas Bose’s Indian National Army, should it succeed in invading British-held Bengal (it didn’t).[7][8][9][10][11]

Legacy

Matangini Hazra on a stamp of India
Ajoy Mukherjee on a stamp of India

In 2002, the Ministry of Communication of India released a Tamralipta Jatiya Sarkar commemorative stamp. The stamp depicts Ajoy Mukherjee, who became the Chief Minister of West Bengal three times, and Matangini Hazra who laid down her life during the march.[5]

References

  1. ↑ Maity, Pradyot Kumar (2002). Quit India Movement In Bengal And The Tamralipta Jatiya Sarkar. Purvadri Prakasani. ISBN 9788187813071.
  2. ↑ Sarbadhinayak: life story of Sri Satis Chandra Samanta, first Sarbadhinayak of Tamralipta Jatiya Sarkar. Tamralipta Swadhinata Sangram Itihas Committee. 1982. tamralipta jatiya sarkar.
  3. ↑ "When India's First People's Government was Formed in West Bengal's East Midnapore During British Rule". News18. 2022-01-26. Retrieved 2022-07-29.
  4. ↑ "Tamralipta Jatiya Sarkar".
  5. 1 2 "PIB Press Releases". pib.nic.in. Retrieved 2017-12-10.
  6. ↑ Bhowmik, Arindam. Medinikatha - Purba Medinipur (Midnapore), Tourism & Archaeology (মেদিনীকথা - পূর্ব মেদিনীপুর, পর্যটন ও পুরাকীর্তি): Combination of History, Heritage, Tourism, Culture of East Midnapore (in Bengali). Arindam Bhowmik. ISBN 9788193189238.
  7. 1 2 Taneja, Anup (2005). Gandhi, Women, and the National Movement, 1920-47. Har-Anand Publications. ISBN 9788124110768.
  8. ↑ Sarkar, Sumit (1989-01-24). Modern India 1885–1947. Springer. ISBN 9781349197125.
  9. ↑ Ray, Nisith Ranjan; Committee, Chittagong Uprising Golden Jubilee (1984). Challenge, a saga of India's struggle for freedom. People's Publishing House.
  10. ↑ "The forgotten part of Quit India Movement". OdishaPlus. 2020-08-06. Retrieved 2022-07-29.
  11. ↑ Daniyal, Shoaib. "From Tamluk to Nandigram: How the Quit India movement brought down the Left Front in West Bengal". Scroll.in. Retrieved 2022-07-29.
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