| Strobilomyces glabriceps | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Division: | |
| Class: | |
| Order: | |
| Family: | |
| Genus: | |
| Species: | S. glabriceps |
| Binomial name | |
| Strobilomyces glabriceps (W.F.Chiu) (1948) | |
Strobilomyces glabriceps is a species of bolete fungus in the family Suillaceae found in China. It was described as new to science in 1948 by Wei-Fan Chiu. The type collection was made in Kunming in June, 1938.
Description
Fruit bodies have convex brown caps measuring up to 10 cm (3.9 in) in diameter. The surface is initially smooth, but becomes cracked as the bolete ages. Tubes on the cap underside are 2–2.5 cm (0.8–1.0 in) long, while the large angular pores are 4–5 mm across. Spores are spherical or nearly so, and measure 9–11 µm.[1]
Morphology
Strobilomyces glabriceps is characterized by its medium to large basidiomes (90–150 mm diameter), a nearly smooth, convex pileus that is 10 cm in diameter and "Carob Brown" in color, featuring gray-black, sizable, patch-like or pressed scales (5–14 mm diameter) or fine filaments. The stipe is 12 cm long, 15–30 mm thick, and "Russet Brown" with streaks and furfuraceous texture, usually tapering towards the base and slightly bulbous at the end. A cottony ring is present at the stipe's apex, with gray to dirty white and gray-black thin fluffy filaments on the upper and lower parts. The fungus has large hymenophoral pores (1–3 mm diameter) that are "Mikado Brown," decurrent on the stipe, angular or comb-like, and gray-black discolored upon exposure. The spores are dark brown under the microscope, globose to subglobose, reticulate, measuring 9-12(11) μm, with medium-sized meshes (2-4 μm diameter; Chiu 1948).[2]
Phylogeny and interpretation
The phylogeny of the genus Strobilomyces is recently being revised, and 49 phylogenetic species are being revealed in which 26 are potentially new species (Han et al. 2018).[3] Phylogenetically, S. glabriceps is closely related to S. pteroreticulosporus and they fall into a clade that shares reticulate basidiospore mash (Han et al. 2020).[4] Nevertheless, S. pteroreticulosporus stands out due to its petite, upright, conical scales (1–3 mm in height and 1–3 mm in diameter at the base) on the cap, a rusty red hue when exposed, and it is observed to found in forest dominated by Pinus spp. (Antonín 2015).[5]
Similar species
Based on morphological analysis, S. glabriceps is similar to S. glabellus J.Z. Ying and S. latirimosus J.Z. Ying, two species native to Yunnan China; but it from the letters in having decurrent tubes, and larger spores that 9-12μm in diameter (Ying & Ma, 1985).[6]
Ecology
Species of Strobilomyces sect. Strobilomyces typically develop ectomycorrhizal connections with plants of families such as Dipterocarpaceae, Myrtaceae, Casuarinaceae, Fagaceae, and Pinaceae (Sato et al. 2017, Han et al. 2018),[7][3] but specific mycorrhizal relationship has yet been observed on S. glabriceps.
Habitat
Subtropical regions of China, Japan, and India, and it can be found either alone or in small groups (Han et al. 2020).[4] A specimen is also identified from Kon Tum Plateau, Vietnam (Giang & Alexandrova 2021).[8] The type specimen of S. glabriceps was collected in Kunming, China, in June 7, 1938 (Chiu 1948).[2]
Geographical distribution
Forest dominated by Fagaceae trees or mixed forests of Fagaceae and Pinaceae are the most common habitats for this species (Han et al. 2020).[4]
Use as food
This is an edible species in China, and it sometimes sold in market (Wang et al. 2004),[9] especially in Yunnan Province. This species is known as "光盖松塔牛肝菌" in Chinese (Dai et al. 2010).[10] Yu & Liu (2005)[11] believed that Yunnan pine (Pinus yunnanensis) forest, one of the habitats of S. glabriceps, was being destroyed, and with the commercialization, local people often over-collected edible fungi, so many edible fungi were being vulnerable or endangered. risk; however, the extent of the threat to this species has not been assessed.
References
- ↑ Chiu WF. (1948). "The Boletes of Yunnan". Mycologia. 40 (2): 199–231 (see p. 229). doi:10.2307/3755085.
- 1 2 Chiu WF. (1948). The Boletes of Yunnan. Mycologia 40 (2): 199–231 (see p. 229). doi:10.2307/3755085.
- 1 2 Han LH, Feng B, Wu G, et al. 2018. African origin and global distribution patterns: Evidence inferred from phylogenetic and biogeographical analyses of ectomycorrhizal fungal genus Strobilomyces. Journal of Biogeography, 45: 201–212.
- 1 2 3 Han, L. H., Wu, G., Horak, E., Halling, R. E., Xu, J., Ndolo, E. S. T., ... & Yang, Z. L. (2020). Phylogeny and species delimitation of Strobilomyces (Boletaceae), with an emphasis on the Asian species. Persoonia-Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi, 44(1), 113-139.
- ↑ Antonín V, Vizzini A, Ercole E, et al. 2015. Strobilomyces pteroreticulosporus (Boletales), a new species of the S. strobilaceus complex from the Republic of Korea and remarks on the variability of S. confusus. Phytotaxa 219: 78–86.
- ↑ Ying, J.-Z. & Ma, Q.-M. (1985). New taxa and records of the genus Strobilomyces inChina. Acta Mycologica Sinica, 4(2): 95-102.
- ↑ Sato H, Tanabe AS, Toju H. 2017. Host shifts enhance diversification of ectomycorrhizal fungi: diversification rate analysis of the ectomycorrhizal fungal genera Strobilomyces and Afroboletus with an 80-gene phylogeny. New Phytologist 214: 443–454.
- ↑ Giang, P. T. H., & Alexandrova, A. V. (2021). Boletoid fungi (Boletaceae, Basidiomycota) of protected areas of Kon Tum Plateau (Central Highlands of Vietnam). Turczaninowia, 24(3), 65-76.
- ↑ Wang, X. H., Liu, P. G., & Yu, F. Q. (2004). Color atlas of wild commercial mushrooms in Yunnan. Yunnan Science and Technology Press.
- ↑ Dai, Y.-C., Zhou, L.-W., Yang, Z.-L., Wen, H.-A., Bau, T. & Li, T.-H. 2010. A revised checklist of edible fungi in China. Mycosystema 29(1): 1-21.
- ↑ Yu, F., & Liu, P. (2005). Species diversity of wild edible mushrooms from Pinus yunnanensis forests and conservation strategies. Biodiversity Science, 13(1), 58.