As per Government of India census data of 2011, the total number of Urdu speakers in the Republic of India were 62,772,631.[1][2] According to the census guidelines, "Urdu" does not broadly refer to the Hindostani language, but the literary-register of the macrolanguage, hence accounting Hindi as a separate language.

Urdu is officially recognised in India and has official status in the National Capital Territory of Delhi to which the language has remained deeply attached through its medieval history of Muslim sultanates and empires and the Indian states and union territories of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar,[3] Telangana and Jammu and Kashmir.

Regional distribution

Following is a list of States and Union Territories of India by speakers of Urdu census data with estimated 2001 speakers.[4]

Rank State Urdu speakers
Persons Males Females
India85,061,07846,837,14345,698,968
1Uttar Pradesh38,272,08020,947,59619,324,484
2Bihar17,757,5488,891,0118,566,537
3Delhi8,575,0334,351,5454,223,488
4Maharashtra6,895,5013,247,5473,247,954
5Telangana & Andhra Pradesh5,539,9103,430,7192,109,191
6Jharkhand3,324,4112,206,4581,117,953
7Madhya Pradesh3,186,3642,180,0191,006,345
8Karnataka2,674,3331,373,1171,301,216
9West Bengal1,653,739914,087739,652
10Rajasthan1,462,983781,000681,002
11Gujarat1,350,630687,723663,907
12Odisha899,299411,692288,817
13Tamil Nadu511,299273,914232,385
14Uttarakhand497,081265,152231,929
15Haryana260,687140,038120,649
16Chhattisgarh88,00846,67041,338
17Goa54,16328,30625,857
18Punjab27,66016,97110,689
19Kerala51,49226,70325,789
20Jammu & Kashmir13,2518,2934,958
21Chandigarh7,2544,4282,826
22Puducherry7,0923,4503,642
23Himachal Pradesh4,7873,1461,641
24Assam4,7152,8211,894
25Sikkim2,9302,118812
26Meghalaya2,5311,5091,022
27Andaman & Nicobar Islands1,615885730
28Arunachal Pradesh1,258883375
29Dadra & Nagar Haveli994590404
30Nagaland759562197
31Daman & Diu574388186
32Manipur48347013
33Tripura31325360
34Mizoram988414
35Lakshadweep261412

For census data of 1991:GOI census 1991: DISTRIBUTION OF 10,000 PERSONS BY LANGUAGE - INDIA, STATES AND UNION TERRITORIES - 1991

Speaker strength

Following is speaker's strength data of Urdu language for decades of 1971, 1981, 1991 & 2001:[5][6]

Language Persons who returned the language as their mother tongue[7] Percentage to total population
1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
Urdu 28,620,895 34,941,435 43,406,932 51,536,111 50,772,631 5.22 5.25 5.18 5.01 4.19

Ranking

Following is ranking data of Urdu language for decades of 1971, 1981, 1991 & 2001:[8]

Urdu: its rank and percentage to total population
1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
Rank % Rank % Rank % Rank % Rank %
6 5.22 5 5.25 6 5.18** 6 5.01 7 4.19

"**" Census was not conducted in the former state of Jammu and Kashmir

See also

References

  1. ↑ http://censusindia.gov.in/
  2. ↑ SCHEDULED LANGUAGES IN DESCENDING ORDER OF SPEAKERS' STRENGTH - 2001
  3. ↑ "Urdu in Bihar". Language in India. Retrieved 17 May 2008.
  4. ↑
  5. ↑ GOI census 2001: COMPARATIVE SPEAKERS' STRENGTH OF SCHEDULED LANGUAGES -1971, 1981, 1991 AND 2001 Archived 2009-04-11 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ↑ http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/PCA_Highlights/pca_highlights_file/India/Chapter-1.pdf
  7. ↑
  8. ↑ GOI census 2001: COMPARATIVE RANKING OF SCHEDULED LANGUAGES IN DESCENDING ORDER OF SPEAKERS' STRENGTH-1971, 1981, 1991 AND 2001
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