The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Turkmenistan:
Turkmenistan is a sovereign Turkic country located in Central Asia.[1] The name Turkmenistan is derived from Persian, meaning "land of the Turkmen". The name of its capital, Ashgabat, derived from Persian as well, loosely translating as "the city of love". Until 1991, it was a constituent republic of the Soviet Union, the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic. It is bordered by Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the southwest, Uzbekistan to the northeast, Kazakhstan to the northwest, and the Caspian Sea to the west.
Although it is wealthy in natural resources in certain areas, most of the country is covered by the Karakum (Black Sands) Desert. It has a one-party system, though other parties exist. The country was ruled by President for Life Saparmurat Niyazov until his death on 21 December 2006. Presidential elections were held on 11 February 2007. Gurbanguly Berdimuhammedow was declared the winner with 89% of the vote. He was sworn in on 14 February 2007, and has been re-elected twice since, in 2012 and 2017.
General reference
- Pronunciation:
- Common English country name: Turkmenistan
- Official English country name: Turkmenistan
- Common endonym(s): Türkmenistan
- Official endonym(s): Türkmenistan
- Adjectival(s): Turkmen
- Demonym(s):
- International rankings of Turkmenistan
- ISO country codes: TM, TKM, 795
- ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:TM
- Internet country code top-level domain: .tm
Geography of Turkmenistan
- Turkmenistan is: a landlocked country
- Location:
- Northern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere
- Eurasia
- Time zone: UTC+05
- Extreme points of Turkmenistan
- High: Aýrybaba 3,139 m (10,299 ft)
- Low: Akjagaýa çöketligi −81 m (−266 ft)
- Land boundaries: 3,736 km
Uzbekistan 1,621 km
Iran 992 km
Afghanistan 744 km
Kazakhstan 379 km
- Coastline: none[2]
- Population of Turkmenistan: 5,240,000 (July 2013, UN estimate) – 117th most populous country
- Area of Turkmenistan: 488,100 km2 – 53rd by total area
- Atlas of Turkmenistan
Environment of Turkmenistan
- Climate of Turkmenistan
- Environmental issues in Turkmenistan
- Protected areas of Turkmenistan
- Wildlife of Turkmenistan
- Fauna of Turkmenistan
Natural geographic features of Turkmenistan
- Glaciers of Turkmenistan: None
- Islands of Turkmenistan: None
- Lakes of Turkmenistan
- Mountains of Turkmenistan
- Volcanoes in Turkmenistan: None
- Rivers of Turkmenistan
- List of World Heritage Sites in Turkmenistan
Regions of Turkmenistan
Ecoregions of Turkmenistan
Administrative divisions of Turkmenistan
Administrative divisions of Turkmenistan
Provinces of Turkmenistan
Districts of Turkmenistan
Districts of Turkmenistan The provinces of Turkmenistan are divided into districts, which may be either counties or cities.
Demography of Turkmenistan
Government and politics of Turkmenistan
- Form of government: Presidential republic
- Capital of Turkmenistan: Ashgabat
- Elections in Turkmenistan
- Political parties in Turkmenistan
Branches of government of Turkmenistan
Executive branch of Turkmenistan
Legislative branch of Turkmenistan
- Parliament of Turkmenistan (bicameral per 2020 constitutional amendment)
Judicial branch of Turkmenistan
Court system of Turkmenistan
Foreign relations of Turkmenistan
Foreign relations of Turkmenistan
International organization membership
International organization membership of Turkmenistan Turkmenistan is a member of:[1]
Law and order in Turkmenistan
Law of Turkmenistan
Military of Turkmenistan
- Command
- Forces
- Armed Forces of Turkmenistan
- Chief of the General Staff (Turkmenistan)
- Ministry of Defense (Turkmenistan)
- State Border Service of Turkmenistan
- State Security Council of Turkmenistan
- Turkmen Air Force
- Turkmen Ground Forces
- Turkmen Internal Troops
- Turkmen National Guard
- Turkmen Naval Forces
Local government in Turkmenistan
Local government in Turkmenistan
History of Turkmenistan
Culture of Turkmenistan
- Cuisine of Turkmenistan
- Languages of Turkmenistan
- Media in Turkmenistan
- National symbols of Turkmenistan
- People of Turkmenistan
- Prostitution in Turkmenistan
- Public holidays in Turkmenistan
- Religion in Turkmenistan
- List of World Heritage Sites in Turkmenistan
Art and Culture in Turkmenistan
Sports in Turkmenistan
Economy and infrastructure of Turkmenistan
- Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 83rd (eighty-third)
- Agriculture in Turkmenistan
- Communications in Turkmenistan
- Companies of Turkmenistan
- Currency of Turkmenistan: Manat
- ISO 4217: TMT
- Energy in Turkmenistan
- Health care in Turkmenistan
- Tourism in Turkmenistan
- Transport in Turkmenistan
Education in Turkmenistan
Health in Turkmenistan
See also
References
- 1 2 "Turkmenistan". The World Factbook. United States Central Intelligence Agency. July 2, 2009. Retrieved July 23, 2009.
- ↑ Turkmenistan borders the Caspian Sea, a remnant of the ancient Paratethys Sea.
External links
Wikimedia Atlas of Turkmenistan
- Turkmenistan government information portal
- Music of Turkmenistan
- The Turkmenistan Project - weekly news and analysis in English and Russian
- CIA Factbook
- Official photo gallery from Turkmenistan and Ashgabat
- Largest Photo gallery of Turkmenistan and Ashgabat
- Photo Gallery from Turkmenistan (in German)
- Encyclopedia of the Nations
- All schools of Turkmenistan (in Russian)
- BBC News country profile
- View Ashgabat, Dashoguz, and Mary on Google Earth
- Turkmenistan Music and Videos
- Turkmenistan-News Forum Chat. Search file Turkmenistan
- Turkmenistan Oil and Gas Information
- Turkmenistan Social
- Turkmenistan Blogs
- Turkmen-English Dictionary
- Turkmenistan News
- Turkmen literature, poems, poetry, articles