Rabbi
Sholom Shachne
Personal
Born1769
Velyki Mezhyrichi, Poland-Lithuania
Died10 October 1802
Pohrebyshche, Podolia, Russian Empire
ReligionJudaism
SpouseChava
Children4, including Yisrael Friedman of Ruzhin
Parent
DynastyRuzhin

Rabbi Sholom Shachne of Prohobisht (Hebrew: שלום שכנא מפראהביטש, romanized: Shalom Shachna m'Prhobisht), also known as Rabbi Sholom the Great (Yiddish: דער גרויסער רבי שלום, romanized: Der Groyser Rebbe Shalom) (1769 – 1802)[1] was a Ukrainian rabbi and father of Rabbi Yisroel Friedman of Ruzhin.[2]

Biography

Sholom was born in Velyki Mezhyrichi to Rabbi Avraham HaMalach, son of Dov Ber, the Maggid of Mezeritch (the most prominent disciple of the Baal Shem Tov).[3] He was named after his paternal grandmother, Shalom Shachne of Tortshin. He also claimed descent from the Royal line of David.[4] His father died when he was eight years old. He and his older brother Israel Chaim were sent by their mother to live with their father's friend and grandfather's student, Rabbi Solomon of Karlin, in order for them to be raised in a household that taught them Hasidic values, having chosen the disciple of her father-in-law as the best choice. [5][6]

When he was young, he married his wife Chava, the daughter of Abraham of Korostychiv[7] and the granddaughter of Rabbi Menachem Nachum of Chernobyl. He and Chava had four children. Rabbi Yisroel, Avraham, Dov Ber (who died in childhood), and Chaya Ita.[8]

His grandfather-in-law, Menachem, moved to serve as Maggid in the city of Chernobyl, and the role of Maggid in Prohobisht was given to him. As Maggid, he taught students from all over Ukraine, among who was Rabbi Nathan of Breslov, who even mentions Sholom in his writings, Sholom's brother-in-law, Yisrael ben Shlomo Charif,[9] and his son-in-law, Rabbi Aryeh Leib of Bandar, brother of Rabbi Moshe Zvi of Savran. Sholom was considered unique in presentation, wearing fashionable clothes accented with actual gold, and also lived in an expensive house with a manicured garden.[4]

Following his death, his son Avraham became the Maggid of Prohibisht, but died a decade into his tenure, in 1813.[7] Avrochom's widow, the granddaughter of Rabbi David Leykes, received a halizah from Yisroel and married Rabbi Yosef David Malik. Sholom's daughter, Chaya Ita, married Rabbi Yitzhak of Granov, son of Rabbi Mordechai of Kremnitz. Her descendants include Rabbi Avrohom Yitzchok Kohn, Rabbi of Toldos Aharon. Sholom's final son Dov Ber, died during his father's reign, and was engaged to the daughter of Rabbi Levi Yitzchok of Berditchev.

Legacy

Many prominent rabbis of his generation revered him due to his great character and greatness in his Hasidic and Talmudic morals. It is said that Aryeh Leib of Shpola said to him "[Avraham HaMalach] was an Angel, so his mother was angelic. No wonder they had a son like that."[2] Nathan of Breslov said after his death, "In Prohobisht there was a great light that fell and left behind a great darkness." His Yisrael of Bafalia, the author of the book "The Crown of Israel", mentioned Sholom a lot in his writing and often described him with titles of high prestige, such as Tzadik. It is customary among members of the Ruzhin dynasty to mention his name on Shabbos in hopes for a good Shabbat, stemming from Sholom's saying that if you talk about righteous people on a Friday night, it is a virtue for a gutn Shabbos.[10]

Family tree

References

  1. ↑ "שלום שכנא בן אברהם (1766 בערך-1802) | הספרייה הלאומית". www.nli.org.il (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2023-07-12.
  2. 1 2 "אף הוא היה אומר: "כל הרוצה לזכות לשבת שמחה ומרוממת, העצה לכך היא, שישוחח בליל שישי מזקני רבי שלום הגדול!"". דרשו (in Hebrew). 2021-03-03. Retrieved 2023-07-13.
  3. ↑ "הִילּוּלָא קַדִּישָׁא • רבי אברהם המלאך זי"ע - חדשות JDN". JDN - חדשות, המגזר החרדי, כלכלה, דעות - עדכונים שוטפים מהארץ ומהעולם (in Hebrew). 2019-10-11. Retrieved 2023-07-13.
  4. 1 2 Zilber, Daṿid; Brayer, Menachem (2023). The House of Rizhin: Chassidus and the Rizhiner Dynasty. Mesorah Publications. pp. 95–96. ISBN 978-1-57819-794-1.
  5. ↑ Alfasi, Yitzhak (1986). אנציקלופדיה לחסידות אישים [Encyclopedia of Chassidut - Personalities] (in Hebrew). Vol. I–III. Mossad Harav Kook.
  6. ↑ "людмир". Chabad of Kiev (in Russian). Retrieved 2023-07-13.
  7. 1 2 "רבי אברהם מפראהביטש | מוסדות שמ"ע :: מוסדות שמ"ע - שאו מרום עיניכם | הרב שלמה עופר". www.seumarom.org (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2023-07-13.
  8. ↑ ʿAsaf, Daṿid (2002). The regal way: the life and time of Rabbi Israel of Ruzhin. Stanford: Stanford UP. p. 35. ISBN 978-0-8047-4468-3.
  9. ↑ Yisrael quoted his brother-in-law in many of his works, such as: ben Shlomo Charif, Yisroel (1781). עטרת תפארת ישראל [The Crown of the Glory of Israel] (in Hebrew)., and other works including: "Speaking Peace", "The Ways of Peace", and "Ner Israel".
  10. ↑ Halami, David (1958). חכמי ישראל [The Sages of Israel] (in Hebrew). Tel Aviv. Retrieved 12 Jul 2023.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
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