United Nations Iraq

The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is the organ of the United Nations charged with maintaining peace and security among nations. While other organs of the United Nations only make recommendations to member governments, the Security Council has the power to make decisions which member governments are obliged to carry out under the United Nations Charter. The decisions of the Council are known as United Nations Security Council Resolutions.

There have been three major events in Iraq's history for which the UN has passed numerous resolutions: the Iran–Iraq War, the Persian Gulf War, and the Iraq disarmament crisis leading up to and following the 2003 invasion of Iraq.

Resolution Date Vote Concerns
479 28 September 1980 Unanimous Noted the beginning of the Iran–Iraq War.
514 12 July 1982 Unanimous Called for an end to the Iran–Iraq War.
522 4 October 1982 Unanimous Called for an end to the Iran–Iraq War.
540 31 October 1983 12-0-3 Condemned violations of the Geneva Conventions in the Iran–Iraq War. Malta, Nicaragua, and Pakistan abstained.
582 24 February 1986 Unanimous "Deplores" the use of chemical weapons in the Iran–Iraq War.
588 8 October 1986 Unanimous Called for the implementation of resolution 582.
598 20 July 1987 Unanimous Demanded an immediate cease-fire between Iran and Iraq; requested that the UN Secretary-General start an investigation to determine how the conflict started.
612 9 May 1988 Unanimous Condemned the use of chemical weapons in the Iran–Iraq War, but did not single out Iraq as the only side to use them. Instead, the resolution said that the Security Council, "Expects both sides to refrain from the future use of chemical weapons."
619 9 August 1988 Unanimous Created UNIIMOG to observe the implementation of a cease-fire for the Iran–Iraq War. Extended by resolutions 631, 642, 651, 671, 676 and 685. Terminated 28 February 1991.
620 26 August 1988 Unanimous Condemned the use of chemical weapons in the Iran–Iraq War.
660 2 August 1990 14-0-1 Condemned the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait and demanded a withdrawal of Iraqi troops. Supported by resolutions 662, 664, 665, 666, 667, 669, 670, 674, and 677. Yemen abstained.
661 6 August 1990 13-0-2 Placed economic sanctions on Iraq in response to the invasion of Kuwait. Cuba and Yemen abstained
678 29 November 1990 12-2-1 Authorized use of force against Iraq to "uphold and implement resolution 660 and all subsequent resolutions and to restore international peace and security in the area". Cuba and Yemen voted against the resolution while China abstained.
686 2 March 1991 11-1-3 Demanded Iraq's acceptance of all previous resolutions concerning the war with Kuwait.
687 3 April 1991 12-1-2 Formal ceasefire ending the Persian Gulf War, with the conditions that Iraq:

Cuba voted against the resolution while Ecuador and Yemen abstained.

688 5 April 1991 10-3-2 Condemned the repression of Iraqi Kurds. Cuba, Yemen, and Zimbabwe voted against the resolution while China and India abstained.
707 15 August 1991 Unanimous Demands immediate, complete, full compliance with UNSCR 687.
715 11 October 1991 Unanimous Approves United Nations Special Commission on Iraq and International Atomic Energy Agency inspection provisions.
833 27 May 1993 Unanimous Acknowledges clarifications of Iraq-Kuwait border and United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission (UNIKOM).
899 4 March 1994 Unanimous Compensation payments to Iraqi private citizens whose assets remained on Kuwaiti territory following the demarcation of the Iraq-Kuwait border.
949 15 October 1994 Unanimous Condemned the Iraqi military buildup on Kuwaiti border.
986 14 April 1995 Unanimous Created the Oil-for-Food Programme. Supported by resolution 1111.
1051 27 March 1996 Unanimous Created a mechanism to monitor Iraqi "dual use" import and exports.
1060 12 June 1996 Unanimous Demands Iraq allow access to sites, weapons, transport and equipment by United Nations Special Commission weapons inspectors.
1284 17 December 1999 11-0-4 Changed the Iraqi inspection program from UNSCOM to UNMOVIC.
1441 8 November 2002 Unanimous Gave Iraq "a final opportunity to comply with its disarmament obligations". After Hans Blix of UNMOVIC reported to the UN on 7 March 2003, the US, UK, and other members of the "coalition of the willing" declared that Iraq remained in material breach of resolution 687. Efforts aimed at a new Council resolution authorizing the invasion were aborted owing to resistance from other members of the Council including veto-wielding members. Iraq was invaded anyway, on 20 March.
1483 22 May 2003 14-0-0 Recognized the US and the UK as occupying powers under international law, with legitimate authority in Iraq. Removed economic sanctions imposed during the Gulf War. Syria did not vote on the measure.
1500 14 August 2003 14-0-1 Created the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq as a special representative of the UN Secretary General. Extended by resolutions 1557, 1619, and 1700. Syria abstained.
1546 8 June 2004 Unanimous Endorsed the dissolution of the Coalition Provisional Authority in favor of the Iraqi Interim Government as a step toward democracy.
1723 18 November 2006 Unanimous Extended the mandate for Multinational Force Iraq until 31 December 2007.
1790 18 December 2007 Unanimous Extended the mandate for Multinational Force Iraq until 31 December 2008.
2631 26 May 2022 Unanimous
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