San Salvador Huixcolotla
Municipality[1] and town
Parroquia del Divino Salvador (Church of the Divine Savior) in the center of San Salvador Huixcolotla
Parroquia del Divino Salvador (Church of the Divine Savior) in the center of San Salvador Huixcolotla
Location of Puebla State in Mexico
Location of Puebla State in Mexico
San Salvador Huixcolotla is located in Puebla (state)
San Salvador Huixcolotla
San Salvador Huixcolotla
Location within Puebla State
Coordinates: 18°54′53″N 97°46′25″W / 18.91472°N 97.77361°W / 18.91472; -97.77361[2]
Country Mexico
StatePuebla
Government
 • PresidenteC. Silvano Teodoro Mauricio (2018-2021)[3] ()
Area
[4]
 • Total23.909 km2 (9.231 sq mi)
Elevation
2,040 m (6,690 ft)
Population
 (2010)[5]
 • Total12,148
Time zoneUTC-6 (Central Standard Time)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-5 (Central Daylight Time)
Websitewww.huixcolotla.gob.mx

San Salvador Huixcolotla is a town and municipality in the Mexican state of Puebla in southeastern Mexico that may be best known as the birthplace of papel picado.[6][7] San Salvador is of Spanish origin and translates to "Holy Savior" and Huixcolotla is Nahuatl for "place of the curved spines".[8]

History

The original inhabitants were Popoloca speakers, under the Aztec Triple Alliance.[8] Friar Juan de Rivas founded a small congregation in 1539 as part of the Spanish colonization and in 1750, construction began on Iglesia del Divino Salvador (Church of the Divine Savior).[8] In 1779 it became a town, and on 15 April 1930, it was declared a municipality under the governorship of Leonides Andrew Almazán.[8][9]

Geography

The total area of San Salvador Huixcolotla is 23.909 square kilometres (9.231 sq mi), of which 79% is devoted to agriculture and the remaining is 21% developed.[4][2]: 2  The four barrios are El Calvario, San Antonio, San Martín, and La Candelaria, and the three colonias are San Isidro, Dolores, and Benito Juárez.[4] It is surrounded to the north by the municipalities of Los Reyes de Juárez and Acatzingo; to the east by Acatzingo and Tecamachalco; to the south by Tecamachalco, Tochtepec, and Cuapiaxtla de Madero; and to the west by Cuapiaxtla de Madero and Los Reyes de Juárez.[2]

Climate

The typical range of temperatures is 12–18 °C (54–64 °F).[2]: 2  Typical annual rainfall is 1,100–1,300 millimetres (43–51 in).[2]: 2 

Demographics

78.12% of the population lives in poverty.[4]: 15  As of 2015, electricity and sanitary systems are universal, but only 50.10% of households have piped water inside their homes.[4]: 17  90.25% of the population between age 6 and 14 can read and write.[4]: 18 

Rows of brightly colored papel picado in intricate designs flutter in the breeze
Papel Picado (not from San Salvador Huixcolotla)

Papel picado

Papel Picado ("perforated paper," "pecked paper") is a decorative Mexican folk art made by cutting elaborate designs into sheets of tissue paper that were popularized in San Salvador Huixcolotla. It is thought to have originated from the pre-Hispanic practice of making religious offerings with amate bark paper.[10] Among the first makers were Juan Hernandez, Cristóbal Flores, Santiago Vivanco R., and Lauro Pérez Macías.[9] By the late 1920s, it had spread outside Puebla to Tlaxcala and is now used around the world in observations of Día de Muertos (Day of the Dead).[11][7] In addition to Día de Muertos, known locally as Todos Santos, papel picado is also commonly made to celebrate Semana Santa (the Holy Week of Easter), Mexican independence, and Christmas.[12][10]

In 1998 the governor of Puebla declared the town, in which 35% of the residents participate in this craft, a cultural heritage of the state.[10][13] Papel Picado from Huixcolotla is exported around the world via the Museo Nacional de Arte.[12]

Other culture

An annual fair celebrates the town's patron of San Salvador and runs from 6–14 August.[9] A typical dish is the eponymous mole poblana of the region.[9]

Further reading

  • Manjarrez Rosas, Josefina (2013). Huixcolotla : el lugar de las espinas encorvadas : sus orígenes, tradiciones y costumbres ("Huixcolotla: the place of curved spines: its origins, traditions, and costumes") (1st ed.). Puebla, Pue, México: Benmérita Universidad de Puebla, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. ISBN 9786074876604.

References

  1. ↑ "Catálogo de Claves de Entidades Federativas y Municipios" (PDF). Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Prontuario de información geográfica municipal de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos (Mexican Municipal Geographic Information Handbook), San Salvador Huixcolotla, Puebla (PDF) (in Spanish). 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  3. ↑ Instituto Electoral del Estado de Puebla (2018). "Planillas electas - Ayuntamientos". Retrieved 12 January 2019.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Plan de Desarrollo Municipal de San Salvador Huixcolotla (Municipal Development Plan of San Salvador Huixcolotla) 2019 - 2021" (PDF) (in Spanish). Municipality of San Salvador Xuixcolotla. 13 April 2019. p. 13. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  5. ↑ Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (2010). "Principales resultados por localidad 2010 (ITER)".
  6. ↑ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Instituto Nacional para el Federalismo y el Desarrollo Municipal. Retrieved 4 January 2010.
  7. 1 2 "Papel Picado". Copal, Mexican Folk Art at its best Online. Retrieved 14 November 2018.
  8. 1 2 3 4 "Gobierno Municipal de San Salvador Huixcolotla". huixcolotla.gob.mx. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  9. 1 2 3 4 "San Salvador Huixcolotla". Enciclopedia de los Municipios y Delegaciones de México (Mexican Encyclopedia of Municipalities and Delegations) (in Spanish). Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  10. 1 2 3 Hernández, Maricarmen (31 October 2019). "Huixcolotla, cuna del papel picado ("Huixcolotla, cradle of papel picado")". El Sol de Puebla (in Spanish). Organización Editorial Mexicana. Retrieved 1 June 2021.
  11. ↑ Álvarez Cordero, María del Carmen (2008). El arte de jugar y crear Tijereteando (PDF). LXIII Legislatura de la H. Cámara de Diputados. p. 82. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  12. 1 2 Harvey, Marian (1987). "4". Mexican crafts and craftspeople: The papel picado of Huixcolotla. Philadelphia: Art Alliance Press. pp. 50–58. ISBN 9780879825126.
  13. ↑ Palacios, Karina (25 October 2015). "Pueblo de papel picado". milenio.com (in Mexican Spanish). Retrieved 31 May 2021.
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