Samarang–Joana Stoomtram Maatschappij
Samarang–Joana Stoomtram Maatschappij, N.V.
Overview
HeadquartersKota Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Hindia Belanda
Dates of operation1879–1959
SuccessorKereta Api Indonesia
Technical
Track gauge1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)
Length417 kilometres (259 mi)

The Samarang–Joana Stoomtram Maatschappij, N.V. (SJS, Dutch for Steam Tram Company Samarang–Joana) was from 1879 to 1959 a private tram company on the Dutch East Indies (now Central Java), providing passenger and freight trains on a 417 kilometres (259 mi) long network with a gauge of 3 feet 6 inches (1,067 mm).[1]

History

SJS stock exchange certificate, 1899

The steam tram company was founded on 18 March 1881 by JF Dijkman, W Walker and GH Clifford and put into operation on 28 September 1881. It aimed to connect Semarang with Kudus and Pati via a railway line, as defined in the permit concessions of the Colonial Government of the Dutch East Indies of 1 December 1879.[2][3][4]

The first director of the company was Baron Henri Maarten Anton van der Goes van Dirxland (born 30 November 1841 in The Hague; died 29 January 1890), who has also been Director of the Oost-Java Stoomtram Maatschappij since 7 June 1888. He was assisted by a Council Secretary named CLJ Martens.

The most important station was the Jurnatan Station, which was also called Semarang-Centraal or Djoernatan. It was expanded in 1913 from a small tram stop to a large train station. It was not included in the list of listed railway stations in Indonesia in 1950 and taken out of service in 1974.[5][6]

Lines

The lines and its sections including their inauguration dates are listed in following table:[7]

Line Section Inauguration (km)
Jurnatan–Jomblang

on-street running

 Jurnatan–Jomblang 1 December 1882 4.4
Jurnatan–Bulu–Banjir Kanal

on-street running

 Jurnatan–Bulu 12 March 1883 3
Bulu–Banjir Kanal 4 November 1899 0,8
Cabang Jurnatan–Samarang NIS Jurnatan–Samarang 12 March 1883 1
Jurnatan–Demak Jurnatan–Genuk 2 July 1883 6.1
Genuk–Demak 27 September 1883 19.7
Demak–Kudus Demak–Kudus 15 March 1884 26.4
Demak-Kudus 1919 26
Kudus–Juwana Kudus–Pati 19 April 1884 21.2
Kudus–Pati 1919 23.2
Pati–Juwana 19 April 1884 13.8
Juwana–Rembang Juwana–Rembang 1 May 1900 23
Juwana–Tayu Juwana–Trangkil 20 May 1899 8.2
Trangkil–Bulumanis 15 August 1899 7.5
Bulumanis–Tayu 1 May 1900 8.8
Kudus–Mayong–Pecangaan Kudus-Mayong 6 September 1887 11.5
Kudus-Mayong 1919 14
Mayong–Pecangaan 5 May 1895 10.3
Mayong–Welahan Mayong–Welahan 10 November 1900 5.5
Demak–Purwodadi Demak–Godong 15 November 1888 20.8
Godong–Purwodadi 1 April 1889 18
Purwodadi–Wirosari–Blora Purwodadi–Wirosari 1 October 1889 21.4
Wirosari-Kunduran 16 September 1893 18.3
Kunduran–Ngawen 22 March 1894 10.3
Ngawen–Blora 13 September 1894 15.3
Purwodadi–Gundih Purwodadi–Gundih 1884 17.3
Purwodadi–Ngrombo 1 January 1892 9
Wirosari–Kradenan Wirosari–Kradenan 1 November 1898 8.2
Rembang–Blora Rembang–Blora 15 June 1902 36.8
Blora–Cepu Rembang-Cepu 1 November 1901 33.4
Cepu Kota (SJS)–Cepu (NIS): 1 February 1903 1.8
Rembang–Bojonegoro Rembang-Lasem 1 May 1900 14
Lasem-Pamotan 1 June 1914 10
Pamotan-Jatirogo 20 February 1919 24

Harbour spurs

Following spurs were built to improve the access to the harbours for import and export of goods and natural produce

Pelabuhan Panjang
Tanjung Emas 1,5
Juwana 1,9
Rembang 0,5

Nationalization and decommissioning

Due to the 1959 Government Decree No. 40 of the Republic of Indonesia issued under President Sukarno, all steam and tram lines operated by Dutch companies were nationalized and handed over to Djawatan Kereta Api (DKA).

The SJS railway continued to operate under the DKA and PNKA until the golden age of PJKA in the 1970s. In 1975, the lines Kudus–Bakalan and Juwana–Tayu were shut down. The decommissioning of the route Cepu Kota–Rembang took place in 1984. In 1986, the lines Kemijen–Rembang and Purwodadi–Ngemplak were shut down. The route Rembang–Jatirogo was decommissioned in 1992. The last SJS routes, Blora–Demak and Wirosari–Kradenan were decommissioned in 1996. Although most tracks have not yet been dismantled,[8] there are no concrete plans for reactivation.

Locomotives

All locomotive of the SJS were steam locomotives. Until the 1960s, no diesel locomotives were used on the SJS. For the maintenance of locomotives and trains southeast of the Semarang Tawang Station a central railway depot, whose building was demolished in the mid-1990s. The SJS steam locomotives are listed in the following table:

Class Inauguration Manufacturer Amount Photo Remarks
B11 1883 Beyer, Peacock & Company 4 locomotives, subsequently used by Nederlandsch-Indische Spoorweg Maatschappij
B12 1881 Werkspoor 46 locomotives, some of which were subsequently used by Oost-Java Stoomtram Maatschappij Plinthed in front of Stasiun Surabaya Pasarturi
B20 1882 Beyer, Peacock & Company dan Werkspoor 19 locomotives Exhibited at Museum KA Ambarawa
B27 1912 Hartmann 16 locomotives Exhibited at Museum KA Ambarawa
C19 1898 Hartmann 12 locomotives Exhibit at Museum Transportasi, Taman Mini Indonesia Indah (TMII), Jakarta
D10 1913 Hartmann 6 locomotives
D15 1931 Hanomag 5 locomotives

References

  1. ↑ "Semarang-Joana Stoomtram Maatschappij". searail.malayan.com. Retrieved 2018-06-04.
  2. ↑ Reitsma, S. A. (1920). Indische spoorweg-politiek. Landsdrukkerij.
  3. ↑ van Dirxland, Baron van der Goes; Martens, C.L.J. (1907). Gedenkboek samengesteld ter gelegenheid van het Vijf en Twintig-Jarig Bestaan der Samarang-Joana Stoomtram Maatschappij. Den Haag: Koninklijke Nederlandse-Boek en Kunsthandel van M.M. Couvee.
  4. ↑ Sahari), Besari, M. Sahari (Mohamad (2008). Teknologi di Nusantara : 40 abad hambatan inovasi. Jakarta: Salemba Teknika. ISBN 9789799549259. OCLC 271921449.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ↑ Media, Kompas Cyber (2009-08-04). "Jurnatan, Tinggal Nama - Kompas.com". KOMPAS.com. Retrieved 2018-06-04.
  6. ↑ Reitsma, S.A. (1930). Van Stockum's Traveller's Handbook: For the Dutch East Indies. W.P. Van Stockum & Son, Limited.
  7. ↑ Samarang–Joana Stoomtram. Verslag der Samarang–Joana Stoomtram Maatschappij. SJS.
  8. ↑ de Jong, Michiel van Ballegoijen (1993). Spoorwegstations op Java.
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