Roy DeMeo
FBI mugshot, July 14, 1981
Born
Roy Albert DeMeo

(1940-09-07)September 7, 1940
New York City, New York, U.S.
DisappearedJanuary 10, 1983 (aged 42)
DiedJanuary 10, 1983(1983-01-10) (aged 42)
New York City, New York, U.S.
Cause of deathGunshot wounds
Body discoveredJanuary 20, 1983
New York City
Resting placeSt. John's Cemetery, Queens
Other namesRoy DiMare, Steven DiMare, John Holland
OccupationMobster
Spouse
Gladys Rosamond Brittain
​
​
(m. 1960)​
Children3
AllegianceGambino crime family

Roy Albert DeMeo (/dəˈmeɪoʊ/; September 7, 1940[1] – January 10, 1983) was an Italian-American mobster in the Gambino crime family of New York City. He headed a group referred to as the "DeMeo crew", which became notorious for the large number of murders they committed and for the grisly way they disposed of the bodies, which became known as "the Gemini Method".[2] The crew is believed to be responsible for up to 200 murders, many of which were committed by DeMeo himself.[3]

Early life

Roy Albert DeMeo was born on September 7, 1940, in Flatlands, Brooklyn, to a working-class Italian immigrant family of Neapolitan origin.[4] The fourth of five children of Eleanor (a housewife) and Anthony DeMeo (a laundry company deliveryman),[5] DeMeo graduated from James Madison High School in 1959, during which time he began earning money as a loanshark.[6] The economist Walter Block and future presidential candidate Bernie Sanders were among his graduating year classmates.[7]

Between the ages of fifteen and twenty-two, he also worked at a local grocery store, where he trained as an apprentice butcher.[8][9] Roy's older brother Anthony Frank "Chubby" DeMeo, a U.S. Marine Corps corporal, was killed in action during the Korean War on April 23, 1951, aged twenty.[10] His father died of a heart attack on December 12, 1960, when Roy was nineteen, and his mother subsequently returned to Italy with Roy's youngest brother to live with relatives near Naples.[6]

Criminal career

Gambino family

Roy DeMeo was initially an associate of the Flatlands–Canarsie faction of the Lucchese crime family, which controlled tow truck companies, junkyards, and car theft operations in that section of Brooklyn.[11] Anthony Gaggi, a soldier in the Gambino crime family, noticed DeMeo in 1966 and told him that he could make even more money with his successful business if he came to work directly for the Gambinos.[12] Through the late 1960s, DeMeo's organized crime prospects increased on two fronts. He continued in the loansharking business with Gaggi, and began developing a crew of young men involved in car theft. It was this collective of criminals that became known both in the underworld and in law enforcement circles as the DeMeo crew.

The first member of the DeMeo crew was 16-year-old Chris Rosenberg, who met DeMeo in 1966 when he was dealing marijuana at a Canarsie gas station. DeMeo helped Rosenberg increase his business and profits by loaning him money so that he could deal in larger amounts.[12] By 1972, Rosenberg had introduced his friends to DeMeo and they began working for him as well.[13] The additional members of the crew came to include Joseph and Patrick Testa, Anthony Senter, Richard and Frederick DiNome, Henry Borelli, Joseph "Dracula" Guglielmo (DeMeo's cousin), and later, Vito Arena and Carlo Profeta.[14]

DeMeo joined a Brooklyn credit union that same year, gaining a position on the board of directors shortly afterward. He utilized his position to launder money earned through his illegal ventures. He also introduced colleagues at the credit union to a lucrative side-business, laundering the money of drug dealers he had become acquainted with. DeMeo also built up his loansharking business with funds stolen from credit union reserves.[14]

DeMeo's collection of loanshark customers, while still primarily those in the car industry, soon included other businesses such as a dentist's office, an abortion clinic, restaurants and flea markets. He was also listed as an employee for a Brooklyn company named S & C Sportswear Corporation, and frequently told his neighbors he worked in construction, food retailing and the used car business.[15] Bonanno underboss Salvatore Vitale claimed to the FBI that in 1974 he was ordered to deliver the corpse of a man who had just been murdered to a garage in Queens so that it could be disposed of by DeMeo.[16]

In late 1974, a conflict that had erupted between the DeMeo crew and Andrei Katz, a young auto repair shop owner who was partners with DeMeo in a stolen car ring, had continued to escalate. In January 1975, Katz visited the Brooklyn District Attorney's Office and voluntarily provided them information that Chris Rosenberg was heavily involved in auto theft.[17] DeMeo learned about the meeting immediately after it happened from an Auto Crimes detective on his payroll. Roy ordered DeMeo crew associate Henry Borelli to contact a female acquaintance, Babette Judith Questel, about being used as bait.[18] In May, Katz appeared before a Brooklyn grand jury and divulged what he knew about the DeMeo crew's illegal activities.[19]

On June 13, 1975, Questel was used to successfully lure Katz to her apartment complex for what he thought was a date, where upon arrival he was immediately abducted by members of the DeMeo crew.[18][20] He was then taken to the meat department of a supermarket in Rockaway Beach, Queens, where he was stabbed multiple times in the heart and then the back by a butcher knife.[21] After being decapitated, Katz's head was then crushed when it was put through a machine normally used for compacting cardboard boxes. The body parts were wrapped in plastic bags and then deposited into the supermarket's dumpster, where they were discovered days later when a pedestrian walking his dog spotted one of Katz's legs lying on a curb near the store.[22] The police reported to the press that a grisly, brutal killing had occurred, but that was the extent of the information given. The body was identified as that of Andrei Katz two days later through the use of dental records.[23]

Gemini Method

As the 1970s continued, DeMeo cultivated his followers into a crew experienced with the process of murdering and dismembering victims. With the exception of killings intended to send a message to any who would hinder their criminal activities, or murders that presented no other alternative, a set method of execution was established by DeMeo and crew to ensure that victims would be dispatched quickly and then made to disappear. The style of execution was dubbed the "Gemini Method", after the Gemini Lounge, the primary hangout of the DeMeo crew, as well as the site where most of the crew's victims were killed.[24][2]

The process of the Gemini Method, as revealed by multiple crew members and associates who became government witnesses in the early 1980s, was to lure the victim through the side door of the lounge and into the apartment in the back portion of the building. At this point, a crew member, almost always DeMeo according to crew-member-turned-government-witness Frederick DiNome, would approach with a silenced pistol in one hand and a towel in the other, shooting the victim in the head then wrapping the towel around the victim's head wound like a turban to stanch the blood flow.[25]

Immediately after, another member of the crew, originally Chris Rosenberg, up until his 1979 murder, according to government witness testimony, would stab the victim in the heart to prevent more blood from pumping out of the gunshot wound. By then, the victim would be dead, at which point the body would be stripped of clothing and dragged into the bathroom, where the remaining blood drained out or congealed within the body. This was to eliminate the messiness of the next step, when crew members would place the body onto plastic sheets laid out in the main room and proceed to dismember it, cutting off the arms, legs and head.[25]

The body parts would then be put into bags, placed in cardboard boxes and sent to the Fountain Avenue Dump in Brooklyn.[26] So many tons of garbage were dropped each day at the dump that it would be nearly impossible for the bodies to be discovered. During the initial stages of an early 1980s federal/state task force targeting the DeMeo crew, a plan by authorities to excavate sections of the dump to locate remains of victims was aborted when it was deemed too costly and unlikely to locate any meaningful evidence. The landfill, opposite the Starrett City Apartment Complex on Pennsylvania Avenue in the heavily African-American East New York section of Brooklyn, across the Belt Parkway, was closed in 1985, and capped over since. All signs and odors that a landfill had existed are gone, replaced by a parkland.[27]

Some victims were killed in other ways for varying reasons. At times, suspected informants or those who committed an act of disrespect against a member of the crew or their superiors had their bodies left in the streets of New York to serve as a message and warning. There were also occasions where it would not be possible to lure the intended victim into the Gemini Lounge, in which case other locations would have to be used. A cabin cruiser owned by Richard DiNome was used on at least one occasion to dispose of remains.[28]

Further criminal career

In the latter half of 1975, DeMeo became a silent partner in a peep show/prostitution establishment in Bricktown, New Jersey, after the owner of the business became unable to pay his loansharking debts. DeMeo also began dealing in bestiality and child pornography, which he sold to his New Jersey establishment as well as connections he had in Rhode Island.[29] When Gaggi found out about DeMeo's involvement in such taboo films, he ordered DeMeo to stop under the threat of death.[30]

However, DeMeo defied Gaggi and continued the practice. Gaggi did not retaliate, and, according to his nephew, Dominick Montiglio, the subject was never mentioned again as long as DeMeo continued making payments to Gaggi. DeMeo also dealt in narcotics despite the Gambino family strictly forbidding such activity; he financed a major operation importing Colombian marijuana, which was unloaded from an offshore freighter and sold at various auto shops in Canarsie, and also sold cocaine out of the Gemini Lounge.[30]

As 1975 drew to a close, DeMeo was the subject of Internal Revenue Service (IRS) investigations into his income. Months earlier, the Boro of Brooklyn Credit Union had been pushed into insolvency as a result of DeMeo and his colleagues' plundering of its finances. As a result, DeMeo quit the Credit Union. Before an indictment could be handed down against him, he utilized false affidavits from businesses owned by friends and acquaintances claiming he was on their payrolls as an employee. These affidavits served to account for some of his income, allowing him to reach a settlement with the IRS.[31]

DeMeo's sources of income, as well as his crew, continued to grow. By July 1976, DeMeo added an automobile firm by the name of Team Auto Wholesalers to his loanshark customers. The owner of Team Auto, Matthew Rega, also purchased stolen vehicles from the crew and sold them off at a New Jersey car lot that he owned.[32] He also involved himself with hijacking delivery trucks from John F. Kennedy International Airport. His crew now included Edward "Danny" Grillo, a hijacker who had just been released from prison.[33]

In the fall of 1976, the Gambino family went through a massive change when its boss Carlo Gambino died of natural causes. Paul Castellano was named the boss, with Aniello Dellacroce retaining the position of underboss. The implications of this were twofold for DeMeo. Gaggi was elevated to the position of caporegime, taking over the crew of men Castellano previously headed.[34] This promotion was beneficial for DeMeo, whose mentor was now even closer to the family leadership. Another advantage was that with Gambino deceased, new associates would be eligible for membership into the family.[35]

Castellano did not immediately "open the books" for new members, opting instead to promote existing members and shuffle around the crews' leaders. He also allegedly opposed the idea of DeMeo being made. Castellano involved himself in white-collar crime and looked down on street-level members such as DeMeo. Additionally, Castellano felt DeMeo was uncontrollable. Gaggi's attempts at persuading Castellano to make DeMeo were continually rejected.[36] By 1977, DeMeo became distraught by this situation and searched for opportunities that would ensure larger returns for his superiors.[37]

The Westies alliance and Rosenberg

DeMeo secured his induction into the Gambino family by forming an alliance with an Irish-American gang known as the Westies. The leader of a rival Irish gang, Mickey Spillane, was causing delays for the construction of the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center, much to the frustration of Gambino boss Paul Castellano, who had a part in the project. After the unsolved murder of Spillane in May 1977, Westies leader James Coonan assumed control of the Irish mob rackets on the West Side of Manhattan.[38]

DeMeo, sensing an opportunity to create a vast source of income for the Gambino family, persuaded Gaggi to consider a partnership with the Westies. Shortly afterwards, Coonan and his second-in-command Mickey Featherstone were called to a meeting with Castellano, in which they agreed to become a de facto arm of the Gambino family and share ten percent of all profits. In exchange, the Westies would be privy to several lucrative union deals and take on murder contracts for the family.[39]

It was his pivotal role in the Westie/Gambino alliance that reportedly convinced Castellano to give DeMeo his "button", or formally induct him into the family. DeMeo was made in mid-1977 and put in charge of handling all family business with the Westies. He was ordered to get permission before committing any murders and to avoid drug dealing. DeMeo's crew, however, continued to sell large amounts of cocaine, marijuana, and a variety of narcotic pills.[40] DeMeo also continued to commit unsanctioned killings, such as the 1977 double homicide of Johnathan Quinn, a car thief suspected of cooperating with law enforcement, and Cherie Golden, Quinn's 19-year-old girlfriend. DeMeo's crew dumped the bodies in locations where they would be discovered to serve as a warning against cooperation with authorities.[41][42]

In 1978, Frederick DiNome, previously DeMeo's chauffeur, joined the crew.[43] DeMeo and his crew murdered Edward Grillo, who had fallen into heavy debt with DeMeo and was believed to be becoming susceptible to police coercion.[44] Grillo, who was dismembered and disposed of like many of the crew's murder victims, was the first known occurrence of internal crew discipline.[45]

The next member to be killed was Rosenberg, who had set up a drug deal with a Cuban man living in Florida and then murdered him and his associates when they traveled to New York to complete the sale. The Cuban had connections with a Cuban drug cartel, raising the possibility of violence between the Gambino family and the Cubans unless Rosenberg was dealt with. DeMeo was ordered to kill Rosenberg but stalled for weeks.[46]

During this period, DeMeo committed his most public murder. The victim was a college student with no criminal ties named Dominick Ragucci, who was paying for his tuition as a door-to-door salesman.[44] DeMeo saw Ragucci parked outside his Massapequa Park, Long Island house and assumed he was a Cuban assassin.[47] DeMeo and crew members Joseph Guglielmo and Freddy DiNome pursued Ragucci in a seven-mile car chase on Route 110 through Amityville and Farmingdale, after which the student was shot to death by DeMeo.[48][49][50]

After returning home and gathering his family, DeMeo drove them out of Long Island and left them at a hotel in upstate New York for two weeks.[51] According to DeMeo's son Albert, he started crying when he discovered he had murdered an innocent teenager and did not eat for several days afterwards.[52] The public execution of Ragucci also put a strain on DeMeo's relationship with his wife Gladys, who had previously been able to ignore her husband's criminal activities.[53]

Gaggi was infuriated by the murder of Ragucci, and ordered DeMeo to kill Rosenberg before there were any other innocent victims. On May 11, 1979, Rosenberg reported to the Gemini clubhouse for the crew's usual Friday night meeting. Shortly after his arrival, DeMeo quickly fired a single bullet into the unsuspecting Rosenberg's head. The usually ice-cold DeMeo hesitated when the still-living Rosenberg managed to rise off the floor to one knee, but Anthony Senter then moved in and finished him off with four shots to the head.[47]

Unlike Grillo, Rosenberg's body was not dismembered or made to disappear. The Cubans had demanded that his murder make the newspapers. DeMeo's men placed Rosenberg's body in his car and left it on the side of Cross Bay Boulevard, near the Gateway National Wildlife Refuge in Broad Channel, Queens to be found.[54] Albert DeMeo later recounted that Rosenberg's murder affected his father deeply, and that when DeMeo came home after the killing, he went into his study room and didn't come out for two days.[55] After Rosenberg's murder, DeMeo spent six weeks hiding out with Guglielmo in a safe house near 42nd Street in Times Square, Manhattan, growing a full beard and disguising himself with a baseball cap and sunglasses when out in public.[56]

Empire Boulevard operation

As 1979 continued, DeMeo began to expand his business activities, in particular his auto theft operation, which soon became the largest in New York City's history. Dubbed the Empire Boulevard Operation by Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agents,[57] the operation consisted of hundreds of stolen cars being shipped from the port of Newark, New Jersey to Kuwait and Puerto Rico.[58][59] DeMeo put together a group of five active partners in the operation, all of whom earned approximately $30,000 a week each in profit.[60] Aside from stolen automobiles, DeMeo was also shipping cigarettes and pornographic magazines to the Middle East.[61]

Aside from the active partners, other associates and crew members performed the actual stealing of the automobiles off the streets of New York. Among these associates was Vito Arena, a long-time car thief and armed robber who began working for DeMeo in 1978 after murdering his old partner.[62] Like DiNome, Arena became closely involved with the DeMeo Crew by the end of the 1970s. In 1979, the scheme was nearly stopped by a legitimate car dealer who threatened to inform the police. He was murdered along with an uninvolved acquaintance before he could provide law-enforcement authorities with information.[63]

Eppolito murders

In late 1979, DeMeo and Nino Gaggi became involved in a conflict with James Eppolito and James Eppolito Jr., two made Gambino members in Gaggi's crew.[64] They were the paternal uncle and cousin, respectively, of a corrupt former New York City Police Department (NYPD) detective, Louis Eppolito, whose father, Ralph, brother of James Sr., was also a made member of the Gambino family.[65]

James Eppolito met with Paul Castellano and accused DeMeo and Gaggi of drug dealing, which carried the penalty of death. Castellano, to whom Gaggi was a close ally, sided against Eppolito in the situation and gave Gaggi permission to do what he pleased.[66] He and DeMeo shot the two to death in Eppolito Jr.'s car en route to the Gemini Lounge on October 1, 1979. A witness driving by right as the shots were fired within the parked car managed to alert a nearby police officer, who arrested Gaggi after a shootout between the two that left Gaggi with a bullet wound in his neck.[67] Since DeMeo had split up with Gaggi as they left the scene, he was not arrested or identified by the witness.[68] Gaggi was charged with murder and the attempted murder of a police officer but through jury tampering was convicted only of assault and given a 5 to 15-year sentence in federal prison.[69] DeMeo murdered the witness shortly after Gaggi's sentencing in March 1980.[70]

The Empire Boulevard Operation had continued to expand through 1979 and 1980 until the warehouse serving as its headquarters was raided by agents from the Newark branch of the FBI in the summer of 1980. The FBI had been surveilling the warehouse and some of the men unloading vehicles there and had shortly thereafter obtained a search warrant. Henry Borelli and Frederick DiNome were arrested in May 1981 for their roles in the operation, but there was not enough evidence to arrest any of the other active partners. DeMeo ordered Borelli and DiNome to plead guilty to the charges in hopes that it would stop any further investigations into his activities by the FBI or other law enforcement agencies.

Downfall and murder

DeMeo (right) in a 1982 surveillance photo with Joseph Testa (left), who prosecutors described as DeMeo's "right hand man".[71]

By 1982, the FBI was investigating the enormous number of missing and murdered persons who were linked to DeMeo or who had last been seen entering the Gemini Lounge. Around this time an FBI bug in the home of Gambino family capo Angelo Ruggiero picked up a conversation between Ruggiero and Gene Gotti, a brother of John Gotti.[72] In the conversation, it is discussed that Paul Castellano had put out a hit on DeMeo, but was having difficulty finding someone willing to do the job.[72]

Gene Gotti mentions that his brother, John, was wary of taking the contract, as DeMeo had an "army of killers" around him. It is also mentioned in this same secretly recorded conversation that, at that time, John had killed fewer than 10 people,[73] while DeMeo had killed 37 that they had known about.[72] According to mob turncoat Sammy Gravano, eventually the contract was given to Frank DeCicco, but DeCicco and his crew could not get to DeMeo either. DeCicco allegedly handed the job to DeMeo's own men.[74]

DeMeo's son Albert wrote that in his final days, DeMeo was paranoid and knew that he would be killed soon. In his final days, DeMeo was seen wearing a leather jacket, with a shotgun concealed underneath. DeMeo considered faking his own death by having his son shoot him and laying low.[2] On January 10, 1983, DeMeo went to crew member Patty Testa's house for a meeting with his men. That night, he failed to attend his daughter Dione's birthday party, which caused his family to be suspicious. Albert DeMeo later found Roy's personal belongings such as his watch, wallet, and ring in his study room, and a Catholic pamphlet.[75]

Ten days later, on January 20, DeMeo's Cadillac Coupe DeVille was discovered in the parking lot of the Varuna Boat Club in Sheepshead Bay, Brooklyn. The car was towed to a nearby police station where it was searched by Organized Crime Control Bureau detectives.[76] DeMeo's partially frozen body was found in the trunk with a chandelier on top of it.[77] He had been shot multiple times in the head and had a bullet wound in his hand, assumed by law enforcement to be a reflexive defensive wound caused when his killers opened fire on him.

The task force investigating the DeMeo crew theorized that DeMeo was set up in a similar manner to how he set up Rosenberg, and that Gaggi, Testa and Senter were present when he was killed.[78] In April 1984, Colombo crime family soldier Ralph Scopo was overheard explaining to an associate that DeMeo had been killed by his own family because they merely suspected that he would not be able to stand up to legal charges that resulted from his stolen car ring.[79][80] According to Scopo, Castellano also "had to put (DeMeo) away" because he "was crazy and had cast-iron balls".[81] Albert DeMeo believed that his father was killed by members of his own crew.[2]

Anthony "Gaspipe" Casso claimed that Castellano ordered John Gotti and Frank DeCicco to kill DeMeo, but they were unable to get close to him. DeCicco suggested Casso could do it, as he knew Anthony Senter and Joseph Testa well. Casso ordered them to kill DeMeo, assuring them that there would be no retribution and that afterwards they would be with him in the Lucchese family. DeMeo visited the home of Patty Testa to collect some money he was owed. Joey Tester and Senter were both there. As DeMeo sat down and waited for a coffee, they shot him dead.[82]

Ironically, according to Casso, Castellano ordering DeMeo's execution sealed his own fate, as Gotti and DeCicco were planning to kill him, and would do so on December 16, 1985. Casso said they would never have dared to move against Castellano while DeMeo was still alive.[83]

Aftermath

In 1984, a 78 count indictment was filed against 24 defendants including the surviving members of the DeMeo crew, capo Nino Gaggi, and Gambino crime family head Paul Castellano. The charges related to auto-theft, racketeering, and drug trafficking.[84][85] Paul Castellano was indicted for ordering the murder of DeMeo, as well as a host of other crimes, but was killed in December 1985 while out on bail in the middle of the first trial. The murder was ordered by John Gotti, who thus became the new boss of the Gambino family. After the death of Castellano, Nino Gaggi became the lead defendant but he too soon died later of natural causes.[84]

In March 1986, six were found guilty, with Henry Borelli and other person found guilty of two counts of murder. They were found guilty of murdering two people who threatened to expose the car theft ring.[84] In June 1989, nine additional members, including Anthony Senter and Joseph Testa, were found guilty.[85] At sentencing, Senter and Testa were given life sentences for murder with an additional 20 years for racketeering. Prosecutor William Mack Jr. said "The Roy DeMeo Crew is the most violent crew ever prosecuted in federal court, as far as my knowledge" and saying DeMeo "engaged in wholesale slaughter".[71]

The convictions were secured in large part by testimony of former members Frederick DiNome and Dominick Montiglio,[86] as well as Vito Arena.[87] Montiglio turned when he learned there was a contract on his life, and was placed in the witness protection program for 20 years for his testimony.[88] Richard DiNome was killed in 1984.[89][90] Frederick DiNome later died in what was ruled as a suicide.[91][92] Vito Arena left New York in 1989 after serving 6 years of an 18-year sentence after his testimony. He was killed in a 1991 robbery in Texas.[93] The Gemini Lounge later became a storefront church.[94]

DeMeo is the subject of the 1992 book Murder Machine by Jerry Capeci and Gene Mustaine.[88] Roy DeMeo's son Albert also wrote a book about his life growing up called For the Sins of My Father, published in 2002.[2] DeMeo is portrayed by Michael A. Miranda in the 2001 film Boss of Bosses. Ray Liotta plays DeMeo in the 2012 film adaptation of Anthony Bruno's book about Richard Kuklinski, The Iceman: The True Story of a Cold-Blooded Killer.[95] Danny A. Abeckaser plays DeMeo in the 2023 film, Inside Man.

Personal life

"I grew up in a very normal household. Now I read this about my Dad, and it really upsets me. This was cathartic. I went into this book with noble intentions, but I realise now that I can't fix my father's image. He did kill, I know those things. I can't fool myself. But I can show that there was another side to him: a father who took care of his family," – Albert DeMeo in 2002[94]

Roy DeMeo married Gladys Rosamond Brittain (February 13, 1939 – September 7, 2002) in 1960.[6] In 1966, DeMeo moved into a custom-built home in Massapequa, Long Island, where he lived with his wife and three children.[96] The couple had two daughters and a son.[97]

DeMeo was raised Catholic, but stopped practicing the religion in later life. His children were raised in his wife's Lutheran faith.[97] By all accounts, he was a devoted family man.[98] Describing growing up, Roy's son Albert DeMeo said "I grew up in a very normal household."[94]

Albert DeMeo became a stockbroker, but had a nervous breakdown after the release of Murder Machine in 1992. He was later diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder. One of Roy's daughters became a clothing designer, and the other one a medical doctor.[2]

List of murders allegedly committed by the DeMeo crew

NameDateReason
Paul RothenbergJuly 29, 1973Shot twice in the head in an alley in Flower Hill, New York, by Nino Gaggi and DeMeo after being suspected of cooperating with authorities.
Andrei KatzJune 13, 1975Kidnapped in Manhattan, taken to Pantry Pride Supermarket in Rockaway, Queens where he was stabbed to death and dismembered by DeMeo, Henry Borelli, Anthony Senter and Joseph Testa after Katz testified before a Grand Jury in May 1975.[99][100][101]
Joseph BrocchiniMay 20, 197643-year old Lucchese family soldier Brocchini was shot 5 times in the head inside of his office by DeMeo and Henry Borelli in Woodside, Queens as a result of previously arguing with and punching DeMeo.

DeMeo received permission from his Capo Nino Gaggi who allegedly told him to make it look like something else.[102][103]

Vincent "Vinny the Mook" GovernaraJune 12–19, 197634-year old Governara was shot multiple times by DeMeo and Nino Gaggi as revenge for breaking Gaggi's nose in a fistfight about 1964, later died in hospital. Governara had made disrespectful sexually harassing comments to Nino Gaggi’s sister in law. Those remarks precipitated the fight between Gaggi and Governara.
George ByrumJuly 13, 1976Killed by Roy DeMeo for tipping off thieves that led to Nino Gaggi's vacation home in Florida being robbed; 42-year old Byrum was shot in the face and stabbed 11 times.[104][105]
Mickey SpillaneMay 13, 1977Shot and killed by Danny Grillo and Roy DeMeo as a favor to James Coonan.
Charles "Ruby" SteinMay 15, 197761-year old Genovese/Colombo associate, killed by DeMeo crew member Danny Grillo and James Coonan; Grillo shot Stein 6 times. His body was dismembered by members of the Westie gang.[106]
Jerome HofakerJune 197723-year old Hofaker was shot and killed by Anthony Senter and Joseph Testa for getting into a fight with Joey's brother Dennis Testa.
John Quinn & Cherie GoldenJuly 20, 1977DeMeo crew shot and killed 34-year old John Quinn once in the back of the head with a .32 caliber handgun and his 19-year old girlfriend Cherie Golden three times in the head with a .38 caliber handgun after Quinn testified before a Grand Jury.[107]
Daniel ContiOctober 29, 197728-year old Conti was shot and killed by DeMeo and Peter LaFroscia after concerns he would cooperate due to an investigation being opened into a failed hijacking attempt involving the DeMeo crew.
John CostelloNovember 197720-year old Costello was shot to death by Peter LaFroscia and Roy DeMeo after concerns he would cooperate with law enforcement into an illegal hijacking involving the DeMeo crew.
Michael Mandelino & Nino MartiniMarch 19, 1978Both were shot multiple times in the head by the DeMeo crew. 37-year old Mandelino was accused of setting up Peter LaFroscia for robbery and 38-year old Martini had no involvement.
Patrick Presenzano/PrisinzanoMarch 23, 197831-year old Bonanno associate, son of Bonanno family capo Angelo Prisinzano; beaten, shot and killed then throat slit from ear to ear by Roy DeMeo, after refusing to return stolen jewellery from an associate of Roy DeMeo.
Michael DiCarloMay 16, 1978Lucchese associate, his death was ordered by a Lucchese capo for raping a young boy. He was shot, stabbed, beaten and sodomized by DeMeo, Joseph Guglielmo, Danny Grillo, Henry Borelli, Anthony Senter and Joseph Testa. His body was dismembered.
Kevin GuelliJune 9, 197828-year old cocaine dealer, shot and killed by DeMeo crew member Chris Rosenberg after he attempted to scam him out of $10,000.
Joseph ScorneySeptember 28, 197828-year old Scorney was shot and bludgeoned with a sledgehammer by Vito Arena and Richard DiNome after refusal to join DeMeo's auto-theft operation.[108] His body was put into a concrete filled barrel and dumped off a pier. Arena was sentenced to 18 years in prison in 1985 for his murder.[63]
Danny GrilloNovember 14, 197844-year old DeMeo crew member Grillo was killed and dismembered by Chris Rosenberg, DeMeo, Anthony Senter and Joseph Testa for racking up new gambling debts, a previous debt had been paid off by Gaggi and DeMeo, and acquiring a drug addiction.[109]
Gary GardineNovember 30, 197825-year old Gardine was shot and killed by Chris Rosenberg after he failed to pay him back from a marijuana deal. Gardine was found inside the trunk of his torched car.
Peter WaringFebruary 7, 197930-year old cocaine dealer, he was shot, stabbed and dismembered by DeMeo, Henry Borelli and Paul Dordal at the Gemini Lounge for being a suspected informant.
Scott CafaroFebruary–March 1979Shot multiple times, DeMeo crew hired by rape victim's family to kill Cafaro.
Fred TodaroFebruary 19, 197960-year old Todaro was shot by Roy DeMeo and stabbed by Chris Rosenberg after his nephew hired the DeMeo crew to murder him due to dispute over the building in which they duplicated pornographic films.[110]
Charles Padnick, William Serrano & 2 UnnamedMarch 17, 1979Shot and killed by Chris Rosenberg during 12-kilo cocaine deal; Rosenberg was shot in the head and arm, but survived.[111]
Jamie PadnickMarch 19, 1979Shot, killed and dismembered at the Gemini Lounge by DeMeo crew after he travelled to New York to investigate his father's disappearance.
Dominick RagucciApril 19, 197918-year-old college student, mistaken for a Cuban hitman parked outside his home. DeMeo chased him from Massapequa Park, New York, to Suffolk County, Long Island, shot 7 times by DeMeo after he crashed his car.[44]
Chris RosenbergMay 11, 1979Shot and killed by Roy DeMeo and Anthony Senter to avoid a war with the Cuban drug cartels over the March 1979 cocaine rip-off murders caused by Rosenberg.[112]
James Eppolito & Eppolito Jr.October 1, 1979Nino Gaggi was given permission by Gambino boss Paul Castellano to kill 62-year old Gambino capo Eppolito and his son after he implicated DeMeo and Gaggi in narcotics involvement and cheating 33-year old Eppolito Jr. out of $7,000 in a cocaine deal. Both of them were shot in the back of the head inside of a car in Coney Island, Brooklyn.[113]
Khaled Daoud & Ronald FalcaroOctober 12, 1979Both were lured to Frederick DiNome's Car Phobia auto shop in East Flatbush, Brooklyn then shot, killed and dismembered for being competitor of stolen car ring and suspected of cooperating with law enforcement against DeMeo.[58][63]
Joseph CoppolinoMarch 7, 198037-year old Coppolino was stabbed and decapitated by Roy DeMeo after suspected of implicating DeMeo to law enforcement in seized 23-ton marijuana shipment.
Patrick PennyMay 12, 198021-year old Patrick Penny was shot 9 times in the head by DeMeo and Richard DiNome after he testified against Nino Gaggi.[114][115]
Charles Mongitore & Daniel ScutaroJune 5, 198030-year old Mongitore was shot 14 times by Henry Borelli and Roy DeMeo then slit his throat, after he refused to drop an assault charge on the son of Gambino soldier Salvatore Mangialino. His friend 25-year old Daniel Scutaro was killed after he asked for the whereabouts of Mongitore. Both bodies were found in the trunk of a car near Holy Cross Cemetery, Brooklyn.[44][116]
Frank AmatoSeptember 20, 1980Gambino boss Paul Castellano ordered his son-in-law's death after hitting his pregnant daughter Constance, shot and killed by Roy DeMeo, body dismembered by the DeMeo crew.[117]
James BennettApril 29, 198165-year old Lucchese associate set to testify against DeMeo crew member Richard Mastrangelo, shot twice in the head by Anthony Senter and Joseph Testa.
Joseph ViggianoDecember 4, 1981Shot, killed and dismembered on the 11th floor office of Show World Times Square, Manhattan by Gus Kalevas and Roy DeMeo, owed money to Kalevas.
Paul & Al ViggianoDecember 21, 1981The son and brother of Joseph Viggiano, both were lured to a meeting and shot to death by Roy DeMeo after investigating the disappearance of Joseph.
John & Anthony RomanoJuly 4, 1982Shot and killed by DeMeo after believing the Romano brothers set up DeMeo crew member Peter LaFroscia for robbery in 1978.
Albert SommaOctober 18, 1982 38 year old Gambino family associate Somma accused the DeMeo crew of drug dealing. He was found in October shot multiple times in the back and head off a highway in Lake George, New York.
Richard DiNome, John Baida & Frederick SeidenFebruary 24, 1984 Both DiNome and Baida were shot once in the back of the head; Seiden was shot twice in the head by Anthony Senter and Joseph Testa, believed to be potential cooperating witness, found buried in a Gravesend, Brooklyn home.

References

  1. ↑ "Individual Record". FamilySearch. Archived from the original on September 29, 2007. Retrieved November 30, 2006.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Kilgannon, Corey (September 29, 2002). "Growing Up in Massapequa, and in the Mafia". New York Times. Archived from the original on February 13, 2011.
  3. ↑ My dad, the family man, who murdered 200 for the Mafia Charles Laurence, Irish Independent (21 October 2002) Archived 25 April 2022 at the Wayback Machine
  4. ↑ Abadinsky, Howard (2016). Organized Crime. Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-1305633711. Archived from the original on 2021-01-28. Retrieved 2020-11-02 – via Google Books.
  5. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 26. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  6. 1 2 3 Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 31. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  7. ↑ If Bernie Were to Win, His High School Would Rule Alex Gangitano, Roll Call (April 3, 2016) Archived April 25, 2022, at the Wayback Machine
  8. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 29. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  9. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 34. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  10. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 27. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  11. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 23. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  12. 1 2 Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 36. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  13. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 37. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  14. 1 2 Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 40. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  15. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 69. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  16. ↑ Kerr, Gordon (2000). Rats and Squealers. Canary Press eBooks. p. 230. ISBN 978-1907795640. Archived from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved 24 January 2020.
  17. ↑ Lubasch, Arnold (April 8, 1984). "INFORMERS HELPED INDICT MOB FIGURES IN 25 SLAYINGS". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved November 5, 2020.
  18. 1 2 Lubasch, Arnold (April 1, 1988). "Abduction of Man in '75 Recounted by Witness". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 25, 2020. Retrieved November 5, 2020.
  19. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 99. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  20. ↑ Arnold H. Lubasch (March 30, 1988). "Judge Accepts Witness Despite 1975 Hypnosis". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 19, 2021. Retrieved March 19, 2021.
  21. ↑ Mustain, Gene; Capeci, Jerry (1993). Murder Machine. Penguin. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  22. ↑ "2 Held in Murder of Auto Mechanic". The New York Times. July 6, 1975. Archived from the original on January 25, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2020.
  23. ↑ "Grab 2, Seek 3 and Girl in Butchering". Daily News. July 6, 1975.
  24. ↑ Sometimes, Mob Victims Have Plenty of Company Archived 2017-08-24 at the Wayback Machine William K. Rashbaum, The New York Times (October 6, 2004)
  25. 1 2 Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 223. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  26. ↑ Fernandez, Manny (April 13, 2011). "Densely Populated, but No Shortage of Grisly Dumping Sites". New York Times. Archived from the original on April 17, 2011.
  27. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 395. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  28. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 297. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  29. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 111. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  30. 1 2 Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 112. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  31. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 113. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  32. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 123. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  33. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 124. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  34. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 134. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  35. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 130. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  36. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 135. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  37. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 143. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  38. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 147. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  39. ↑ Westies Informer Tells of Links to Gambino Mob Arnold H. Lubasch, The New York Times (November 6, 1987)
  40. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 148. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  41. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 153. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  42. ↑ Body in car identified as Brooklyn woman, 19 The New York Times (July 26, 1977)
  43. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 163. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  44. 1 2 3 4 "Murder and the Mob". New York Daily News. April 2, 1989. Archived from the original on March 23, 2021. Retrieved March 20, 2021.
  45. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 209. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  46. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 231. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  47. 1 2 Frenzied Hitmen New York Daily News (September 21, 1992)
  48. ↑ DeMeo 2002a, p. 118–119.
  49. ↑ Seek clue in youth's slaying Nat Kanter, New York Daily News (April 22, 1979)
  50. ↑ Suffolk residents shaken by 2 slayings Michael Hanrahan, New York Daily News (April 23, 1979)
  51. ↑ DeMeo 2002a, p. 119–122.
  52. ↑ DeMeo 2002a, p. 122–123.
  53. ↑ DeMeo 2002a, p. 130.
  54. ↑ Woodmere Man Killed By Machine Gun Blast Newsday (May 13, 1979)
  55. ↑ DeMeo 2002a, p. 125.
  56. ↑ DeMeo 2002a, p. 135–136.
  57. ↑ Agents describe car-theft ring at Gambino trial Archived 2021-10-10 at the Wayback Machine Ronald Smothers, The New York Times (November 20, 1985)
  58. 1 2 Elkin, Larry (November 1, 1985). "After Gory Murders, Time Out For Pizza". Associated Press. Archived from the original on March 19, 2021. Retrieved March 19, 2021.
  59. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 245. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  60. ↑ Witness Details Operations Of Alleged Mob Ring Archived 2021-03-31 at the Wayback Machine Larry Elkin, Associated Press (November 4, 1985)
  61. ↑ DeMeo 2002a, p. 111.
  62. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 205. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  63. 1 2 3 Smothers, Ronald (November 1985). "Gambino Jurors Hear Testimony on Killing of 3". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 25 January 2020. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
  64. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 247. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  65. ↑ 10 Facts about the Mafia Cops Orlando Camacho, Medium (September 26, 2018)
  66. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 248. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  67. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 249. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  68. ↑ Father and Son Are Slain in Car In Coney Island David Bird, The New York Times (October 3, 1979)
  69. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 283. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  70. ↑ Informers Helped Indict Mob Figures in 25 Slayings Arnold H. Lubasch, The New York Times (April 8, 1984)
  71. 1 2 "Gambino associates get life sentences plus 20". Poughkeepsie Journal. Associated Press. September 15, 1989. p. 5C. Archived from the original on March 31, 2021. Retrieved March 26, 2021.
  72. 1 2 3 Sifakis, Carl (2005). The mafia encyclopedia (3rd ed.). New York: Facts On File. pp. 139–141. ISBN 0-8160-6989-1. OCLC 69951434. Archived from the original on 2021-03-23. Retrieved 2021-03-23.
  73. ↑ Plaza, Valrie (2015). American Mass Murderers. p. 146. ISBN 9781312961401.
  74. ↑ Plaza 2015, p. 146.
  75. ↑ Mustain, Gene and Capeci, Jerry (2012). Murder Machine. Ebury Press. pp. 347–350. ISBN 978-0091941123.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  76. ↑ Duddy, James (January 21, 1983). "Body found in car trunk". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on March 23, 2021. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  77. ↑ Mustain, Gene and Capeci, Jerry (2012). Murder Machine. Ebury Press. pp. 347–350. ISBN 978-0091941123.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  78. ↑ Mustain, Gene and Capeci, Jerry (2012). Murder Machine. Ebury Press. pp. 348–351. ISBN 978-0091941123.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  79. ↑ The Complete Idiot's Guide to the Mafia Jerry Capeci (2005)
  80. ↑ The Three Racketeers – Ralph Scopo mafiabookreviews.com (October 30, 2021) Archived May 29, 2022, at the Wayback Machine
  81. ↑ See No Evil: The true story of a mafia doctor's double life Ron Felber (2013)
  82. ↑ Carlo, Philip (2008). Gaspipe: Confessions of a Mafia boss. Harper Collins. pp. 127–129. ISBN 978-0061429842.
  83. ↑ Carlo, Philip (2008). Gaspipe: Confessions of a Mafia boss. Harper Collins. pp. 129. ISBN 978-0061429842.
  84. 1 2 3 M. REILLY, WILLIAM (March 6, 1986). "Reputed mobsters convicted of murder and auto theft". UPI.
  85. 1 2 M. REILLY, WILLIAM (June 28, 1989). "Nine Gambino mobsters found guilty of racketeering". United Press International. Archived from the original on March 21, 2021. Retrieved April 1, 2021.
  86. ↑ Smothers, Ronald (March 6, 1986). "SIX IN GAMBINO TRIAL GUILTY OF ROLES IN A CAR THEFT RING". New York Times. Archived from the original on May 24, 2015. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  87. ↑ Smothers, Ronald (February 10, 1986). "GAMBINO TRIAL STATEMENTS TO RESUME". New York Times. Archived from the original on February 3, 2018. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  88. 1 2 JAMES, SUSAN (February 3, 2010). "Mafia Hit Man Finds Redemption in Art". ABC News. Archived from the original on September 26, 2020. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
  89. ↑ M. REILLY, WILLIAM (October 31, 1985). "An auto thief testified Thursday he and two alleged..." UPI. Archived from the original on March 23, 2021. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  90. ↑ "Slaying Victim Faced U.S. Charges". The New York Times. February 7, 1984. Archived from the original on June 28, 2018. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  91. ↑ M. REILLY, WILLIAM (June 28, 1989). "A PROTECTED WITNESS IN THE GAMBINO TRIAL IS TERMED A SUICIDE". United Press International. Archived from the original on March 21, 2021. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  92. ↑ Smothers, Ronald (February 19, 1986). "A PROTECTED WITNESS IN THE GAMBINO TRIAL IS TERMED A SUICIDE". New York Times. Archived from the original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  93. ↑ Davidian, Geoff (October 8, 1991). "The Gay HIT MAN - Same shady way of life led mobster to his grave" (PDF). Houston Chronicle. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 2, 2016. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  94. 1 2 3 Laurence, Charles (October 20, 2002). "The hitman's son faces up to the sins of the father". Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on July 22, 2017. Retrieved March 30, 2021.
  95. ↑ THR Staff (August 30, 2012). "The Iceman: Venice Review". Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on March 31, 2019.
  96. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 24. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  97. 1 2 DeMeo 2002a, p. 14.
  98. ↑ "For the Sins of My Father". New Yorker. August 25, 2002. Archived from the original on March 20, 2021. Retrieved March 30, 2021.
  99. ↑ "2 Held in Murder of Auto Mechanic". The New York Times. 6 July 1975. Archived from the original on 25 January 2020. Retrieved 24 January 2020.
  100. ↑ H. Lubasch, Arnold (April 1988). "Abduction of Man in '75 Recounted by Witness". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 25 January 2020. Retrieved 24 January 2020.
  101. ↑ Cimino, Al (2017). Mafia Crimes. Arcturus. ISBN 978-1788284172. Archived from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved 24 January 2020.
  102. ↑ Jerry Capeci (1992). Murder Machine. New York City: Onyx. p. 116. ISBN 0-451-40387-8.
  103. ↑ The King Is Dead; Long Live The Smut Empire William Federici and Thomas Collins, New York Daily News (April 14, 1977)
  104. ↑ Revenge Killing in Miami: The 1976 Mob Murder of George Byrum Archived December 12, 2021, at the Wayback Machine Justin Dugard, MafiaHistory.us
  105. ↑ Mafia Files: Case Studies of the World's Most Evil Mobsters Al Cimino (2014)
  106. ↑ "Former "Westies" Gang member tells court how leader dismembered victim's corpse". The Journal News. Gannet. October 22, 1987. p. 23. Archived from the original on March 23, 2021. Retrieved March 23, 2021.
  107. ↑ Smothers, Ronald (October 16, 1985). "GAMBINO TRIAL HEARS CAR THIEF DESCRIBE WORK". New York Times. Archived from the original on March 19, 2021. Retrieved March 19, 2021.
  108. ↑ Elkin, Larry. "Triggerman Describes Slaying of Car-Theft Partner". AP News. Archived from the original on 25 January 2020. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
  109. ↑ English, T. J. (1990). The Westies : Inside the Hell's Kitchen Irish mob. New York: Putnam. p. 138. ISBN 0-399-13540-5. OCLC 20636404. Archived from the original on 2021-03-23. Retrieved 2021-03-23.
  110. ↑ Mustain, Gene; Capeci, Jerry (15 January 2013). "Prologue". Murder Machine. Ebury Press. ISBN 978-0091941123.
  111. ↑ Capeci, Jerry (Sep 20, 1992). "Corpses left hi to dry". New York Daily News. pp. 32–33. Archived from the original on March 20, 2021. Retrieved March 22, 2021.
  112. ↑ Glaberson, William (May 28, 1989). "After 15 Months, Mob Trial Nears End". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 20, 2017. Retrieved March 22, 2021.
  113. ↑ Eppolito, Lou (2005). Mafia Cop. Simon and Schuster. p. 203. ISBN 978-1416523994. Archived from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved 26 January 2020.
  114. ↑ Smothers, Ronald (4 December 1985). "Crime Group's Activities Detailed by Key Witness in Gambino Trial". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 26 January 2020. Retrieved 26 January 2020.
  115. ↑ Lubasch, Arnold H. (1984-04-08). "INFORMERS HELPED INDICT MOB FIGURES IN 25 SLAYINGS". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2016-12-20. Retrieved 2021-03-18.
  116. ↑ United States of America v. Paul Castellano Justia (June 6, 1985)
  117. ↑ Felber, Ron (2013). See No Evil: The true story of a mafia doctor's double life. Robson Press. ISBN 978-1849545785. Archived from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved 26 January 2020.
  118. https://lcnbios.blogspot.com/2017/12/murder-of-vito-borelli-fall-1980.html Gotti: Rise and Fall, June 1, 1996

Further reading

  • Abadinsky, Howard. Organized Crime. 5th Edition, Chicago: Nelson-Hall, 1997
  • O'Brien, Joseph. Boss of Bosses: The Fall of the Godfather: The FBI and Paul Castellano. NY: Dell, 1992.
  • Raab, Selwyn. The Five Families: The Rise, Decline & Resurgence of America's Most Powerful Mafia Empire. New York: St. Martins Press, 2005.
  • DeMeo, Albert (2002), For the Sins of My Father: A Mafia Killer, His Son, and the Legacy of a Mob Life, Broadway Books, ISBN 9780767906791
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.