Rhamphocottidae
Grunt sculpin (Rhamphocottus richardsonii)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Scorpaeniformes
Suborder: Cottoidei
Superfamily: Cottoidea
Family: Rhamphocottidae
Jordan & Gilbert, 1883[1]
Genera

see text

Synonyms

Ereuniidae Jordan & Snyder 1901

Rhamphocottidae is a family of ray-finned fishes belonging to the superfamily Cottoidea, the sculpins. The species in this family occur in the North Pacific Ocean.

Taxonomy

Rhamphocottidae was first proposed as a family by the American ichthyologists David Starr Jordan and Charles Henry Gilbert in 1883.[1] The family was regarded as monotypic until 2014 when the family Ereunidae was synonymised with it.[2] This family is classified within the superfamily Cottoidea in the suborder Cottoidei in the order Scorpaeniformes in the 5th edition of Fishes of the World[2] but other authorities states that if Scorpaeniformes is excluded from Perciformes then Perciformes is recovered as paraphyletic and so classify this family within the infraorder Cottales within the suborder Cottoidei of the Perciformes.[3] Within the Cottoidea the Ramphocottidae is the sister taxon to all the other groups.[4]

Genera

Rhamphocottidae contains the following genera:[2][5]

Characteristics

Rhamphocottidae sculpins have a single pharyngobranchial bone. In the pectoral fins several of the lower pectoral rays are separated from the upper lobe and are free of the fin membrane. There are fin stays in the dorsal and anal fin. The tail has all parts of the hypural and parhypural fused into a single complex structure.[2] The smallest species is the grunt sculpin (Rhamphocottus richardsonii) with a amximum published total length of 8.9 cm (3.5 in)[6] while the largest is Ereunias grallator which reaches a maximum published total length of 30 cm (12 in).[7]

Distribution and habitat

Rhamphocottidae are found in the North Pacific Ocean where they are found from Japan along the Asian coasts to Alaska and south to California.[2] These are demeral or bathydemersal fishes with the grunt sculpin being a species of intertidal and subtidal regions but they other species being deep water fishes.[6][7]

References

  1. 1 2 Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014). "Family-group names of Recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (2): 001–230. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1. PMID 25543675.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 467–495. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
  3. ↑ Ricardo Betancur-R; Edward O. Wiley; Gloria Arratia; et al. (2017). "Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 17 (162): 162. doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0958-3. PMC 5501477. PMID 28683774.
  4. ↑ W. Leo Smith & Morgan S. Busby (2014). "Phylogeny and taxonomy of sculpins, sandfishes, and snailfishes (Perciformes: Cottoidei) with comments on the phylogenetic significance of their early-life-history specializations". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 79: 332–352. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.06.028.
  5. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Rhamphocottidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  6. 1 2 Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2022). "Rhamphocottus richardsonii" in FishBase. August 2022 version.
  7. 1 2 Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2022). "Ereunias grallator" in FishBase. August 2022 version.
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