The Qawwal Bacchon Ka Gharana or Delhi Gharana is the oldest khayal gharana of the Hindustani Classical music tradition.[1] It was founded by Amir Khusrau and his students.
History
The members of this gharana have lived in Delhi for many generations. The gharana was founded by Amir Khusrau, pioneer of qawwali, tarana, and khayal.[2] As a result, this gharana specializes in these genres.
Style
Members of this gharana approach raagdari with more freedom than the dhrupad-informed gharanas, like Gwalior, Jaipur, and Agra.[3] Emphasis on bhav and exposition are the hallmarks of this style.[4]
Repertoire
In addition to extensive khayal compositions, the gharana is known for its qawwals.[5]
Controversy
Some orthodox members of the Indian subcontinental or South Asian music world don't regard the Delhi gharana as an "authentic" one because its members include a number of tabla and sarangi players. Some believe these members do not represent a truly unique musical style. Scholars note the individual quality of each generation's leading singer. Though, this tradition is a gharana in familial terms.
It is strictly forbidden to play Sarangi in the tradition of the original Qawwal Bacche.
Exponents
- Amir Khusrau
- Miyan Saamat Bin Ibrahim
- Mir Hassan Sawant
- Mir Bula Kalawant
- Mir Saleh
- Mir Gunwant
- Bade Muhammad Khan
- Bade Mubarak Ali Khan
- Ghagge Nazir Khan
- Wahid Khan
- Umrao Khan
- Munshi Raziuddin
- Ustad Naseeruddin Saami
- Manzoor Ahmed Khan Niazi
- Fareed Ayaz
- Abdullah Niazi Qawwal
- Abu Muhammad
- Bahauddin Khan
- Baba Nasir Khan[6]
- Miyan Achpal[7]
- Tanras Khan
- Ramzan Khan[8]
- Muhammed Siddiq Khan Sahab
- Muzaffar Khan[9]
- Munawwar Khan
- Aziz Ahmed Khan Warsi
- Warsi Brothers
- Meraj Ahmed Nizami Qawwal[10]
- Mohammed Hayat Khan Nizami[11]
- Baba Zaheer Ahmed Khan Warsi
- Nasir Ahmed Khan
- Fateh Ali Khan
- Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan[12]
- Iqbal Ahmed Khan
- Farrukh Fateh Ali Khan
- Rahat Fateh Ali Khan
References
- ↑ "Dilli Gharana". Google Arts & Culture.
- ↑ Ranade, Ashok Da. (2006). Music Contexts: A Concise Dictionary of Hindustani Music. Promila & Co. Publishers. pp. 54–114. ISBN 81-85002-63-0.
- ↑ Te Nijenhuis, Emmie (1974). Indian Music: History and Structure. Belgium. p. 90.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ↑ "Gharanas Of Hindustani Music - Hindustani Classical Gharanas - Hindustani Music Gharanas". www.culturalindia.net.
- ↑ Imani, Alifiyah (20 August 2015). "Qawwal Gali: The street that never sleeps". Herald Magazine.
- ↑ https://www.oxfordreference.com/viewbydoi/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095438765?rskey=cJwGyC&result=0
- ↑ https://www.swarganga.org/artist_details.php?id=698
- ↑ https://www.swarganga.org/artist_details.php?id=501
- ↑ https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195650983.001.0001/acref-9780195650983-e-3372?rskey=T6fm70&result=1
- ↑ http://www.mabelis.nl/qawwali/merajnizami/meraj.asp
- ↑ https://www.veethi.com/india-people/hamsar_hayat-profile-4803-24.htm
- ↑ "1988 Interview". Outlook (India).