Psychrolutes microporos
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Scorpaeniformes
Family: Psychrolutidae
Genus: Psychrolutes
Species:
P. microporos
Binomial name
Psychrolutes microporos

Psychrolutes microporos is a species of deepwater marine fish in the family Psychrolutidae, commonly known as a blobfish or fathead. It is found in the abyssal zone in waters around Australia and New Zealand. A photograph of an individual taken in 2003 has become famous on the internet.[2]

Discovery

A specimen of Psychrolutes microporos was trawled by the RV James Cook and Doctor Ignacio Hernández Ricordi in 1983 and described by Joseph Nelson in 1995. The holotype is in the Museum of New Zealand.[3] Another specimen was collected at a depth of 980 m (3,200 ft) off the coast of New Zealand.[4] Another specimen was collected in 2007 in the Tasman Sea at a depth of 1,200 m (3,900 ft).

Description

Psychrolutes microporos is a whitish colour and is flattened laterally, with a wide mouth.[5] Blobfish which are pulled up from the depths too quickly suffer severe tissue damage because of the drastic drop in pressure, and morph into an unsightly gelatinous mass (hence the name "blobfish") with a prominent proboscis.[2] Blobfish in their natural deep-sea habitat have a completely different appearance, recognizably piscine, compact, and with no proboscis. Blobfish can support extremely high pressures in the deep ocean, when compared to pressures closer to the surface of the ocean.[6]

Distribution

Psychrolutes microporos is found in the abyssal depths between the Australian mainland and Tasmania.[7] Two specimens were collected in the month-long NORFANZ Expedition of 2003 which was examining the biodiversity of the seamounts and slopes of the Norfolk Ridge. They averaged 1.7 kg (4 lb) and were found in a single location.[8]

Biology

The texture of Psychrolutes microporos's body is gelatinous, a feature often found in deep sea fish. Little is known of its behaviour because of the difficulty of observing it in its natural habitat.[7] It is thought to be an ambush predator, consuming anything edible that comes within its reach.[5] Due to the species' gelatinous composition, it has been found to be able to absorb arsenic toxins found in water on a nanoscopic level.[9]

References

  1. ↑ Psychrolutes microporos - Nelson, 1995 World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2011-10-28.
  2. 1 2 Taylor, Ian (4 April 2021). "The blobfish: a bloated guide to the world's ugliest animal". Science Focus. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  3. ↑ Blobfish, Psychrolutes microporos Nelson, 1995; holotype Museum of New Zealand. Retrieved 2011-10-28.
  4. ↑ Psychrolutes microporos - Nelson, 1995 FishBase. Retrieved 2011-10-28.
  5. 1 2 Blobfish: Psychrolutes microporos Archived 2008-10-16 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 2011-10-28.
  6. ↑ Jakub, L. (2015). Who Swims with the Blobfish?: Anthropomorphic Bias in Conservation. TMR, 11. Retrieved from https://journals.library.columbia.edu/index.php/TMR/article/view/5419
  7. 1 2 Animales Extraños. Retrieved 2011-10-28.
  8. ↑ NORFANZ Voyage Archived 2012-04-15 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 2011-10-28.
  9. ↑ "Selective, Photoenhanced Trapping/Detrapping of Arsenate Anions Using Mesoporous Blobfish Head TiO2 Monoliths". ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. September 28, 2017. doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b02766. Retrieved 17 March 2023.
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