Promachos in a Greek phalanx
In ancient Greece and during the Byzantine era, the Promachoi (singular: Promachos; Greek: πρόμαχος) were the men fighting in the first rank of the phalanx.[1][2] The word can also be used as an adjective as in "promachos line"[3] referring to the first line of battle.
The first use of the word is recorded in Homer's Iliad.[4] An obsolete English literal translation of promachos is forefighter, in Dutch voorvechter.
Name
Sanctuaries - Statues
- Athena Promachos, the famous bronze statue by Phidias that towered over the Parthenon.
- Hermes Promachos, a sanctuary at Tanagra was dedicated to him.[6][7]
- Heracles Promachos, a white marble statue of Heracles in the Heracles Sanctuary at Thebes. The Thebans Xenocrites (Ξενοκρίτης) and Eubius (Εὔβιος) created the statue.[8]
References
- ↑ Perseus Project - Greek Word Study Tool (πρόμαχος).
- ↑ Sylloge Tacticorum, 45.15
- ↑ Leo VI. Tactica, 12.43
- ↑ Homer Iliad, Ξ.82
- ↑ Conon, Narrations (Photius), 16
- ↑ Pausanias, Description of Greece, 9.22.1
- ↑ Pausanias, Description of Greece, 9.22.2
- ↑ Pausanias, Description of Greece, 9.11.4
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