Pierre Paul Mourier.

Pierre Paul Mourier (5 August 1746– 30 December 1836) was a Danish Asiatic Company trader who spent 15 years in Canton. He created a Danish-Chinese dictionary of more than 10,000 works. He owned Aagaard from 1787 to 1896.

Early life and education

Mourier was born in Copenhagen as the youngest of 11 children of Jean Ferdinand Mourier (1792-) and Anna Henriette Mazar. His father, who was born in Switzerland as the son of a French nobleman who was forced to flee after the Edict of Nantes, served as minister of the French Reformed Church in Copenhagen. Mourier was orphaned early, losing his father at the age of eight and his mother at the age of eleven. Just before the death of his mother, he had enrolled at the Royal Danish Army Academy. After five years of study and training at the academy he transferred to an infantry regiment with ran of Fændrik (the most junior officer of a unit). He was the following year promoted to second lieutenant. He was later sent abroad, financed by the Crown, for a scientific education. In 1766, he thus enrolled at the University of Göttingen. In 1768–70, he was part of a group of 55 people that accompanied the young King Christian VII on a journey to England and France. He then returned to Göttingen to complete his studies. He also spent a year in Geneva to learn French.[1]

DAC service

In 1770, Mourier married Elisabeth Cornelia (1744-1783). She was the eldest daughter of Jaques Salomon Courtonne, a Dutch merchant in the service of the Danish Asiatic Company. In Nove,ber 1770, Mourier left the army with the rank of captain to join his father-in-law on an expedition to Canton with the DAC ship Dronning Sophia Magdalena. The ship departed Copenhagen in December 1770. Morten Engelbrecht Mauritzen served as 1st supercargo on the expedition. The ship reached Canton approximately seven months later. Some time after their arrival, Mourier was offered employment as a resident company trader with the rank of assistant.[1]

Mourier was later joined by his wife. During their years together in Macao (where the families of European traders were installed), she gave birth to six children. After three of their children had died from smallpox, it was decided to send Elisabeth back and the step niece back to Copenhagen with the remaining children to be inoculated. Another child died on the way back to Denmark on board the DAC ship Juliane Marie. Not long after their arrival in Copenhagen, Elisabeth Mourier fell ill and died from oedema.[1]

During his years in China, he Mourier visited Batavia, Manilla India (including Tranquebar). As one of relatively few European company traders, Mourier learned the Cantonese language. He created a Danish-Chinese dictionary with more than 10,000 words described. He formed a close friendship with the Hong merchant Geowqua (Qiaoguan, 伍乔官: 1734–1802), (the first member of the Qu family to participate in the Canton system), whose warehouse was located next to the DAC factory. Allegedly, Prince Lee Boo visited Mourier's home more than once when the Morse called at Macao en route to London.[1]

In 1784, Mourier struggled with increasingly poor health and decided to return to Denmark. In December 1784, he departed from Canton on board the DAC ship Disko. Ge visited London, Paris and the Netherlands on the way back to Denmark.[1]

Late life

Frederikke Christiane Mourier, née Herbst.

Before leaving Canton, Mourier had purchased 13 crates of silk cloth and nankings on commission from Niels Lunde Reiersen in Copenhagen. Reiersen had received a royal permission to import raw silk from China, only paying minimal taxes, but not finished cloth as brought home by Mourier. In the resulting trial, Reiersen's goods were seized and Mourier was fined 1,000 rigsdaler and fired from the DAC.

In 1897, he married Frederikke Christiane Herbst. She was the daughter of a naval officer, vice admiral Adolph Tobias Herbst and Anne Magdalene Rasch. Together, they had seven children, although several died as infants. They initially shared their time between an apartment in Norgesgade and a house in Gentofte.

In 17997, Mourier bought Aagaard for 70,000 rigsdaler. On 18 December 1796, he sold Aagaard for 112,500 rigsdaler to Iver Qvistgaard and moved back to Copenhagen.[2] They now lived iatKøbmagergade No. 11 ().[3] In 1801, Mourier purchased Bjerregaarden in Valby and nearby farm for 12,800 rigsdaler Bjerregaard covered 16 hectares od land. The buildings included a small mill. A neighboring farm belonged to the former DAC captain Tønnes Langøe. Om 19+0. Mourier hired a young B. S. Ingemann as tutor for two of his youngest children.

Mourier was a member of Dreyer's Club. He had republican sympathies. He actively assisted Malte Conrad Bruun during the persecutions of him, before he fled to Paris.

During the British siege of Copenhagen in 1807, Scottish soldiers suspected Mourier of being a spy due to his excellent command of the English language and placed him in house arrest at Bjerregård.

Mourier died in 1836. He left a large book collection. An auction catalogue from 1837 lists 3,558 volumes.

Nourier published three articles in Klaproth's journal Asiatisches Magazin in 1802, one of them was concerned with music and opera in Canton. Another one was concerned with a Dutch book attacking Chinese culture. The third one provided information about Buddhist monks and ceremonies.

Mourier's eldest son Charles Adolph Denys Mourier (1776-1758) married Johanne Susanne Skibsted (1780-1864), daughter of Supreme Court attorney and DAC director Poul Skibsted. They owned Hindemae Manor on Funen. His eldest daughter Elisabeth Jacobine Vilhelmine Mourier (1778-1813) married the landowner Peter Johansen de Neergaard. The daughter Anne Marie Mourier(1676-1879) married landowner Christian Petersen (1783-1841). Their children assumed the name Mourier-Petersen. The daughter Henriette Marie Mourier (1788-1882= married the nobleman Balthasar Johannes Kaas af Mur (7180-1785) and secondly captain in the Royal Danish Nacy Georg Frederich Ulrich /1762-1830). The daughter Therese Adele Mourier (1688-1882) married the military prosecutor Ludvig Ferdinand Rømer (1794-1730). The son Charles Frederik Mourier (1703-1823) was a Chancellery secretary.[4]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Asmussen, Benjamin. "Networks and faces between Copenhagen and Canton, 1730-1840" (PDF). econstor.eu. Retrieved 16 June 2022.
  2. ↑ "Iver Qvustgaard". oleviolin.com (in Danish). Retrieved 13 May 2023.
  3. ↑ "Folketælling - 1801 - Peter Poul Ferdinand Mourier". Danishfamilysearch.dk (in Danish). Retrieved 21 August 2022.
  4. ↑ "Pierre Paul Ferdinand Mourier". geni.com (in Danish). Retrieved 16 June 2022.
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