Distinctive New Red Sandstone banks of River Irwell, location of the Pendleton Fault, Clifton

The Pendleton Fault, sometimes called the Irwell Valley Fault, stretches for about 20 miles (32 km) from Bolton in Greater Manchester along the Irwell Valley through Pendleton to Poynton in Cheshire,[1] running northwest–southeast.[2] The fault throws the beds of the Middle Coal Measures of the Manchester Coalfield by 1,000 feet (300 m) on its western side. The fault is active, and movement has caused earthquakes. An earthquake of intensity 6 on the Richter scale that occurred on 10 February 1889 was felt over an area of 2,500 square miles (6,500 km2). Lesser shocks were recorded in the early 20th century, in 1931 and 1944. Coal mining in the Irwell Valley between Bolton and Pendleton may account for small movements, although all mines in the area closed in 1929 and no coal has been mined since.[1][3]

In 2007 a swarm of six earthquakes felt across the region was attributed to the fault.[4]

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 Davison, Charles (1906), "The Pendleton Earth-shake of November 25th, 1905" (PDF), Geological Magazine, 3 (4): 171–176, doi:10.1017/S0016756800117935, S2CID 128750083
  2. ↑ Banks & Schofield 1968, p. 21
  3. ↑ Hayes 2004, p. 11.
  4. ↑ "Sixth quake strikes Manchester". Daily Telegraph. 31 August 2007. Retrieved 24 January 2014.

Bibliography

  • Banks, Arthur Geoffrey; Schofield, Reginald Bryan (1968), Brindley at Wet Earth Colliery: An Engineering Study, David & Charles
  • Hayes, Geoffrey (2004), Collieries and their Railways in the Manchester Coalfields, Landmark, ISBN 1-84306-135-X
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