Pão-por-Deus (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpɐ̃w puɾ ˈðewʃ], "Bread for God") is the Portuguese tradition of souling celebrated all over Portugal, named for the soulmass-cakes given to the poor on All Saints Day, typically by children and youth.[1][2] Names for the custom vary through different regions of the country, for instance, around Leiria it is known as "Dia do Bolinho" ("Cookie Day").

Origins

There are records of the day of Pão-de-Deus in the 15th century.[3] On 1 November 1755 in Lisbon, after the vast majority of the city's residents lost everything to the Great Lisbon earthquake the survivors had to ask for this bread in the neighbouring towns.

Customs

From early in the morning (8 or 9 am) children meet together and walk around the neighborhood, knock at all doors and local stores and say "Pão-por-Deus" to the adults they meet.

People at home give them small gifts such as broas (small bread-like cakes flavored heavily with anise and nuts), chocolates, candy, nuts, fruit, or in some cases, money.[4]

At the local stores, the offers are different. A store may give the children treats or a sample of a product they sell: bakers give a little bread, fruit stalls give some chestnuts, and so on.

In the Azores, the children are given a cake called "caspiada" during this ritual begging. The cakes have the shape of the top of a skull.[5]

The Pão-de-Deus or Santoro is the bread, or offering, that is given to the dead, the Molete or Samagaio (also called sabatina, raiva da criança (child's rage)) is the bread, or offering, that is given when a child is born.[6][7]

Rhyme

Bread-for-God, bread-for-God,
bag full we go with God.
or
Cupcakes and cookies
For me and for you,
To give to the deceased
Who are dead and buried
To the beautiful, beautiful cross
Knock, knock!
The lady inside
Sitting on a stool
Please get up
To come and give a penny.

Candy is given:

This house smells like bread,
Good people live here.
This house smells of wine,
A little saint lives here.

If no candy is given:

This house smells of garlic
A scarecrow lives here.
This house smells like grease.
A deceased person lives here.
Bread, bread for god's sake,
Fill my bag,
and Ill go away.

If they are not satisfied they say

May the evil weevil,
strike you in the pot,
and leave you no,
bran or bran left

Azores version

Give bread for God
Which God gave you
To share
With God's Believers
For the dead
From you ...

When the begging is unfruitful:

You lock me out
I flee to the street
And may it all be
For the love of God
[8]
Pão-por-Deus, pão-por-Deus,
Saco cheio vamos com Deus.
ou
Bolinhos e bolinhós
Para mim e para vós,
Para dar aos finados
Que estão mortos e enterrados
À bela, bela cruz
Truz, Truz!
A senhora que está lá dentro
Sentada num banquinho
Faz favor de s'alevantar
Para vir dar um tostãozinho.

Se dão doces:

Esta casa cheira a broa,
Aqui mora gente boa.
Esta casa cheira a vinho,
Aqui mora um santinho.

Se não dão doces:

Esta casa cheira a alho
Aqui mora um espantalho.
Esta casa cheira a unto
Aqui mora algum defunto
Pão, pão por deus à mangarola,
encham-me o saco,
e vou-me embora.

Se não ficarem satisfeitos dizem:

O gorgulho gorgulhote,
lhe dê no pote,
e lhe não deixe,
farelo nem farelote

Versão dos Açores

Dae pão-por-Deus
Que vos deu Deus
P'ra repartir
C'os fieis de Deus
Pelos defuntos
De vo'meces...

Quando o peditório é infructuoso:

Tranca me dáes
fujo p'rá rua
E seja tudo
Pelo amor de Deus
[9]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Guillain, Charlotte (2014). Portugal. Capstone.
  2. ↑ Vieira, Antonio.Portuguese & English
  3. ↑ Elucidario das palavras, termos e frases, que em Portugal antigamente se usaram ..., Volume 1
  4. ↑ Tobias, George (3 November 2008). "Lajes Airmen share Halloween tradition". Lajes Field. Retrieved 1 January 2010.
  5. ↑ Intermuseus Dezembro 2006 nº 7Direcção Regional da Cultura Archived 2008-03-11 at the Portuguese Web Archive
  6. ↑ Vir à luz —práticas e crenças associadas ao nascimento António Amaro das Neves Revista de Guimarães, n.º 104, 1994, pp. 51-81
  7. ↑ [Actas / International Colloquium on Luso-Brazilian Studies - Volume 1 - Página 162]
  8. ↑ A canção ródia da andorinha
  9. ↑ A canção ródia da andorinha
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