Oskar Freiherr von Watter
Born(1861-09-02)2 September 1861
Ludwigsburg, Kingdom of Württemberg
Died23 August 1939(1939-08-23) (aged 77)
Berlin, Germany
AllegianceGerman Empire German Empire
 Weimar Republic
Service/branchArmy
Years of service1879–1920
RankGeneralleutnant
Commands held
Battles/warsWorld War I
Ruhr Uprising
AwardsPour le Mérite with Oakleaves

Oskar Walther Gerhard Julius Freiherr[lower-alpha 1] von Watter (born 2 September 1861 in Ludwigsburg; died 23 August 1939 in Berlin) was a German Generalleutnant who came from an old Pomeranian noble family.

World War I

In April 1913, von Watter took over the command of the 10th Brigade of Field Artillery, which he kept until 3 March 1915. With that force, General von Watter took part in the early fighting of World War I in France. Subsequently, he took over the 54th Infantry Division, which he commanded until 5 March 1918. The division was initially also deployed in France, but it was later sent to fight on the eastern front by the River Narew, and from September 1915, he was again at the western front. On 23 December 1917, he was awarded the Pour le Mérite for military bravery.[1] Until 11 November 1918, he was commander of the XXVI Reserve Corps. On 3 November 1918, a few days before the end of the war, he was awarded the oak leaves of the "Pour le Mérite" (signifying a second award).[2]

Post-war

On the orders of the Reich government, units of the Reichswehr and Freikorps, under the command of von Watter, marched into the Ruhr area on 2 April 1920 and suppressed the Ruhr Uprising, which was taking place. After extrajudicial shootings resulted in more than a thousand dead, on 12 April 1920 von Watter issued the order that "illegal behaviour" would be dealt with nine days after Reich President Friedrich Ebert had forbidden the summary trials that were taking place.

On his initiative, to the south of Horst Castle, in Essen in 1934 a monument was erected in memory of the Freikorps soldiers who died in 1920 during the suppression of the Ruhr Uprising.

Von Watter died on 23 August 1939 in Berlin and was buried in the Invalids' Cemetery.

Notes

  1. ↑ Regarding personal names: Freiherr is a former title (translated as Baron). In Germany since 1919, it forms part of family names. The feminine forms are Freifrau and Freiin.

References

  1. ↑ "Orden Pour le Mérite". Retrieved 22 December 2012.
  2. ↑ "Oskar Freiherr von Watter". The Prussian Machine. Retrieved 22 December 2012.
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