Operation Rock Avalanche
Part of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
U.S. Soldiers during Operation Rock Avalanche
U.S. soldiers during Operation Rock Avalanche.
Date19–25 October 2007
Location
Korengal Valley, Kunar, Afghanistan
Result U.S. victory
Belligerents
United States United States
 Afghanistan		  Taliban
Commanders and leaders
United States LTC William Ostlund
United States CPT Daniel Kearney		 Taliban Haji Matin
Taliban Aminullah
Taliban Mohammad Tali †
Strength
United States 100+
Islamic Republic of Afghanistan40+		 150–300 (U.S. estimate)
Casualties and losses
3 killed
At least 7 wounded		 40–50 killed (U.S. estimate)[1]
At least 10 Afghan civilians

Operation Rock Avalanche was a six-day, US-led offensive from 19 to 25 October 2007, with the purpose of hunting Taliban fighters in the Korengal Valley of Afghanistan. The mission also aimed to establish a peace with the local populace so that a road could be safely built through the area by the Afghan government. Over the course of the operation, a series of running battles occurred with members of the Taliban, as well as with local tribesmen. U.S. Army Paratrooper Salvatore Giunta would be awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions during combat between U.S. forces and local Afghans.[2]

Background

The U.S. had struggled for some time to establish itself as a force within the valley. Long considered to be a Taliban stronghold, the Korengal Valley was nicknamed the "Valley of Death" by U.S. forces due to the dangers associated with being stationed there, with sometimes as many as a dozen firefights per day.[1][3] Spearheaded by Captain Louis Frketic of A Company and Captain Dan Kearney of B Company, 2nd Battalion, 503rd Infantry Regiment (Airborne) of the 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team in the Korengal Valley, the goal of the assault was to both disrupt Taliban and insurgent routes of transit in the area, as well as trying to establish a peace with local village elders by offering to build them a new highway through the mountains – paid for by the Afghan government – in exchange for information about anti-governmental combatants.[4][5]

The Operation

Operation Rock Avalanche began in the early-morning hours of 19 October 2007 when U.S. and Afghan forces boarded UH-60 and CH-47 helicopters at the Korengal Outpost (KOP) to be inserted in the southern portion of the Korengal Valley, near the village of Yaka Chine. This main force consisted mostly of B Company, 2-503rd Infantry, but also included support elements, such as U.S. Air Force Joint Terminal Attack Controllers (JTAC), and a Low-Level Voice Intercept (LLVI) team from the 513th Military Intelligence Brigade. Elements from A, C, and D companies, 2-503 Infantry, also occupied blocking positions around the valley in an effort to prevent Taliban forces from leaving the area.[5] There were several skirmishes early in the operation, ultimately leading to AC-130 and AH-64 gunships firing into the village, resulting in civilian casualties.[4]

The night of the 21st, U.S. forces moved east to conduct operations near the villages of Landigal and Aliabad. Mid-day on the 23rd, Taliban forces attacked and overran a U.S. machine gun position, killing Staff Sergeant Rougle and wounding Sergeants Rice and Velaquez, before being forced to withdraw. Taliban forces were also able to capture several weapons and equipment from the fallen Americans. U.S. and Afghan forces continued to patrol the area and meet with village elders, resulting in several more firefights and large amounts of U.S. air and artillery support being employed. This attack was witnessed by New York Times journalist Elizabeth Rubin and photojournalist Lynsey Addario, who were embedded with B company at the time.[4]

As the sun set on the 25th, U.S. and Afghan forces began concluding the operation. During their egress, Taliban forces initiated an L-shaped ambush against 1st and 3rd Platoon, B Company. U.S. forces were able to break out of the killzone and launch a successful counter-attack, but only after two Americans were killed and five more wounded. Taliban leader Muhammad Tali was killed by U.S. Army's SPC Giunta, who was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions during the engagement.[6]

Outcome

While Taliban forces were able to launch bold attacks against U.S. forces, they were unable to maintain their momentum. Coalition forces inflicted heavy casualties upon the Taliban, including several local leaders. Coalition forces also were able to locate several stone bunkers on the Abas Ghar, as well as firing positions used in attacks against the Korengal Outpost. Taliban activity in the Korengal Valley dropped significantly in the months following the operation.[7]

In April 2010, U.S. forces withdrew from the Korengal Valley. 50 Americans had died fighting there, with over a hundred more wounded.[3]

The events of the offensive were witnessed firsthand by American journalist Sebastian Junger and British photojournalist Tim Hetherington, and were captured on film for their Academy Award-nominated documentary Restrepo.[8] Among other awards, the film received the Grand Jury Prize for best documentary at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival.[9] Junger would later go on to write the book War, an account which expanded upon his experiences during Operation Rock Avalanche.[10][11]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Operation Rock Avalanche.

References

  1. 1 2 Junger, Sebastian (3 December 2007). "Into the Valley of Death". Vanity Fair. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
  2. ↑ Hetherington, Tim. "Medal of Honor Winner Salvatore Giunta on Bravery, Brotherhood, and the Korengal". Vanity Fair. Retrieved 11 November 2010.
  3. 1 2 Rubin, Alissa (14 April 2010). "U.S. Forces Close Outpost in Afghan 'Valley of Death'". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 April 2010.
  4. 1 2 3 Rubin, Elizabeth (24 February 2008). "Battle Company Is Out There". The New York Times Magazine. Retrieved 11 September 2010.
  5. 1 2 Caldwell, Jacob (31 October 2007). "Company Works to Flush Out Taliban During 'Rock Avalanche'". American Forces Press Service. Retrieved 28 January 2011.
  6. ↑ "Official Narrative for Staff Sergeant Salvatore A. Giunta - Medal of Honor Recipient for the United States Army". United States Army. Retrieved 16 November 2010.
  7. ↑ Junger, Sebastian (2010). War (1st ed.). New York: Twelve. ISBN 978-0-446-55624-8.
  8. ↑ An up-close yet impersonal look at war, Wesley Morris, Boston Globe movie review.
  9. ↑ Addicott, Brooks (30 January 2010). "2010 Sundance Film Festival Announces Awards". Sundance Institute. Retrieved 30 November 2010.
  10. ↑ Caputo, Philip (9 May 2010). "Sebastian Junger's 'War,' reviewed by Philip Caputo". The Washington Post. Retrieved 10 September 2010.
  11. ↑ Seaborn, Jody. "Sebastian Junger's 'War': A year with a platoon in Afghanistan". Statesman.com. American Statesman. Retrieved 10 September 2010.

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