Oemarsono
Governor of Lampung
In office
26 January 1998 – 27 January 2003
PresidentSuharto
B. J. Habibie
Abdurrahman Wahid
Megawati Sukarnoputri
LieutenantSuwardi Ramli
Preceded byPoedjono Pranyoto
Oman Sachroni (acting)
Succeeded byTursandi Alwi (acting)
Sjachroedin Zainal Pagaralam
Vice Governor of Lampung
In office
18 December 1995 – 26 January 1998
Serving with Suwardi Ramli
GovernorPoedjono Pranyoto
Oman Sachroni (acting)
Preceded byMan Hasan
Succeeded bySyamsurya Ryacudu
Regent of Wonogiri
In office
1985–1995
GovernorMuhammad Ismail
Suwardi Prawiranegara
Preceded bySoediharto
Succeeded byTjuk Susilo
Personal details
Born(1940-05-03)3 May 1940
Sragen, Dutch East Indies
Died22 May 2022(2022-05-22) (aged 82)
Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia
Political partyIndonesian Democratic Party of Struggle

Kanjeng Raden Tumenggung Oemarsono (3 May 1940 – 22 May 2022) was an Indonesian civil servant and politician who was the Governor of Lampung from 1998 to 2003. Previously, he was the province's vice governor from 1995 to 1998.

Early life

Oemarsono was born to Sastro Prawiro and R. Ng. Siti Maryamin on 3 May 1940 in Sragen, Central Java, where he attended and graduated from elementary school and junior high school in 1954 and 1957, respectively. Afterwards, he moved to Surakarta, and attended a state high school until he graduated in 1960. He then entered the Gadjah Mada University in Yogyakarta, where he earned an undergraduate degree in social and political sciences in 1966.[1]

Regent of Wonogiri

Oemarsono entered civil service in 1966 and started to work at the Sragen regional government. He became the Head of the Revenue Services of Sragen in 1985. Several months later, the Wonogiri local council elected him as the Regent of Wonogiri.[1] He was reelected for a second term in 1990.[2]

Before Oemarsono became regent, the Wonogiri region was the poorest in Central Java. During Oemarsono's first years, the region experienced a significant increase in per capita income.[3] He also obtained a 690 million rupiah loan from the central government to construct a drinking water system[4] and a $23 million loan from the World Bank for the re-greening of a catchment area near the Gajahmungkur Reservoir.[5]

Oemarsono launched a food diversification program which encouraged the local populace to abandon bread in favor of cassava. He pushed for the cultivation of rice substitutes in the region such as beans, sweet potato, and corn.[6] He also established a nucleus estate and smallholder farm system for cassava in the region,[6] and received assistance from the central government in the form of kernels for corn plantations.[7]

Oemarsono was nominated by the provincial council of Central Java for the post of vice governor after the death of the previous officeholder, Sujamto, in 1994.[8] This was rejected by the Minister of Home Affairs due to problems regarding bureaucratic seniority.[9]

Oemarsono's work in the region did not go unnoticed by the central government, and in 1989 the regency received the Parasamya Purnakarya Nugraha, an award given by the president to the best-performed regions in Indonesia during the first five-year plan.[10] Earlier in July 1987, the monarch of Mangkunegaran granted him the royal title of Kanjeng Raden Tumenggung.[11][12] As with other regents who received awards from the president during that time, Oemarsono would go on to become governor.[13] Oemarsono ended his second term in 1995, and Tjuk Susilo replaced him.[14][15]

Vice Governor and Governor of Lampung

Oemarsono was installed as the Vice Governor of Lampung for economic affairs on 18 December 1995 under Poedjono Pranyoto.[16][17] About a year later, Poedjono became the Deputy Speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly, and resigned as governor. Oman Sachroni, the director general for general government and autonomy in the Ministry of Home Affairs, was chosen to temporarily replace Pranyoto and to hold an election for a new governor.[18] Oemarsono won the election by 35 to 43 votes[19] and he was installed to replace Sachroni on 26 January 1998.[20][21] Despite the apparent initial support for Oemarsono's leadership in the region,[22] his Javanese ethnicity angered a lot of indigenous Lampung residents and led to months of anti-Javanese protests.[23]

Less than a year later, the President of Indonesia Suharto fell from power. A day before, a large group of students had occupied the Lampung Provincial Council office and forced Oemarsono to sign a demand for Suharto's resignation.[24][25] Afterwards, there were waves of demands for Oemarsono to resign. The Lampung Student's Consortium regarded Oemarsono as a remnant of Suharto's cronyism and demanded the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P), the winner of the post-Suharto election, deny the recommendation for Oemarsono's reelection.[26] Around the same time, a large protest with similar demands occurred, and Oemarsono had to deploy a paramilitary organization to disperse the demonstration.[27]

Under Oemarsono's leadership, Lampung's provincial budget turned from a deficit into a surplus, mostly due to his policy of tightening budget spending. He enacted the People's Tapioca Flour Industry to increase the income of farmers. Oemarsono also enacted programs such as Return to Village Movement and Desaku Maju Sakai Sambayan (DMSS), which encouraged civil servants to serve in villages.[21] Most of these programs were controversial. The People's Tapioca Flour Industry had no clear business vision and management, and the Desaku Maju Sakai Sambayan program was widely regarded as an extortion.[26]

Near the end of his term, Oemarsono sought reelection. Despite calls not to provide recommendation for Oemarsono, the PDI-P did so.[28] Oemarsono also received support from ethnic minority groups in the province, such as the Bantenese people.[29] A group of local PDI-P functionaries under the leadership of Abbas Hadisunyoto nominated Alzier Dianis Thabranie, a local party chairman, as an alternative candidate. The central council of the party expelled members of the group from the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle. Thabranie later won the election against Oemarsono by 39 to 33 votes, but he was arrested the day after and the election results were annulled. Hari Sabarno, the minister of home affairs, took over the local government from Oemarsono on 27 January 2003.[28]

Later life

After retiring from the government, Oemarsono settled in Lampung and started a hotel business.[21] He unsuccessfully ran for reelection in 2004 and 2009, receiving only a minuscule share of votes each time.[30][31] Oemarsono died at the Dr. Muwardi Hospital in Surakarta at noon on 22 May 2022[32] and was buried at his family's cemetery in Sragen.[33]

References

  1. 1 2 "Oemarsono: Melajukan Perahu Besar Bernama Lampung". Lampung Post. 15 May 2013. p. 15. Retrieved 23 May 2022.
  2. ↑ "Daerah Sekilas: Wonogriri - Drs Oemarsono Dipilih sebagai Bupati Wonogiri". Kompas. 18 October 1990. p. 13. Retrieved 23 May 2022.
  3. ↑ "Wonogiri tak lagi termiskin". Kompas. 18 October 1988. p. 9. Retrieved 23 May 2022.
  4. ↑ "Sarana Air Minum di Wonogiri". Kompas. 6 April 1987. p. 9. Retrieved 23 May 2022.
  5. ↑ "Bantuan Bank Dunia Untuk Wonogiri 23 Juta Dollar". Kompas. 8 July 1987. p. 11. Retrieved 23 May 2022.
  6. 1 2 "Disiplin Singkong". Tempo. 26 August 1989. ISBN 9786232078352. Retrieved 23 May 2022.
  7. ↑ "Daerah Sekilas : Wonogiri - Peresmian Waduk Song Putri". Kompas. 4 January 1986. p. 9. Retrieved 23 May 2022.
  8. ↑ "Wagub Jateng Ir Soejamto Meninggal". Kompas. 13 June 1994. p. 17. Retrieved 24 May 2022.
  9. ↑ "Penolakan Cawagub Jateng Dihargai DPRD". Kompas. 3 October 1994. p. 17. Retrieved 24 May 2022.
  10. ↑ Redaksi (22 May 2022). "Oemarsono, Bupati Wonogiri Periode 1985-1995 Tutup Usia". SuaraBaru.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 23 May 2022.
  11. ↑ "Pengukuhan Seorang Raja Tanpa Nomor". Tempo. 30 January 1988. ISBN 9786232624207. Retrieved 24 May 2022.
  12. ↑ Hughes-Freeland, Felicia (April 1991). "A Throne for the People: Observations on the Jumenengen of Sultan Hamengku Buwono X". Indonesia. 51 (51): 131. doi:10.2307/3351068. hdl:1813/53951. JSTOR 3351068.
  13. ↑ "Soeprapto BA". Mimbar Departemen Dalam Negeri. 1978. p. 44. Retrieved 23 May 2022.
  14. ↑ "Daerah Sekilas: Wonogiri-Drs Tjuk Susilo Terpilih Sebagai Calon Bupati Wonogiri". Kompas. 5 October 1995. p. 15. Retrieved 24 May 2022.
  15. ↑ "Sari Berita Sospol: Bupati dan Wali Kota". Kompas. 25 October 1995. p. 11. Retrieved 24 May 2022.
  16. ↑ "Nama dan Peristiwa: Oermarsono Mendalang dalam Pasar Lesehan Kartini". Kompas. 8 January 1996. p. 20. Retrieved 24 May 2022.
  17. ↑ "Sari Berita Sosial Politik: Mendagri Lantik Wagub Lampung". Kompas. 19 December 1995. p. 11. Retrieved 24 May 2022.
  18. ↑ "Oman Sachroni, "Caretaker" Gubernur Lampung". Kompas. 8 October 1997. p. 8. Retrieved 24 May 2022.
  19. ↑ "Oemarsono Calon Kuat Gubernur Lampung Raih 35 Suara". Kompas. 9 January 1998. p. 8. Retrieved 24 May 2022.
  20. ↑ "Aspirasi Daerah Harus Makin Nyata Di Pusat: Oemarsono Gubernur Lampung". Kompas. 27 January 1998. p. 8. Retrieved 24 May 2022.
  21. 1 2 3 Wardoyo, Heri (2008). 100 tokoh terkemuka Lampung: 100 tahun kebangkitan nasional (in Indonesian). Lampung Post. pp. 162–163. ISBN 978-979-25-0931-1.
  22. ↑ Erawan, I Ketut Putra (1999). "Political Reform and Regional Politics in Indonesia". Asian Survey. 39 (4): 599. doi:10.2307/3021240. JSTOR 3021240.
  23. ↑ Côté, Isabelle Lucie (2014). Unsettling Migrants? The Impact of Internal Migration on Sons of the Soil Conflict in China and Indonesia (PDF). University of Toronto. p. 154.
  24. ↑ "Suara Reformasi Bergelora". Kompas. 21 May 1998. p. 8. Retrieved 24 May 2022.
  25. ↑ Soemardjan, Selo (1999). Kisah perjuangan reformasi (in Indonesian). Pustaka Sinar Harapan. p. 193. ISBN 978-979-416-588-1.
  26. 1 2 Siswantoro, Agus (2004). Membongkar kudatuli, menggugat Megawati: kesaksian Agus Siswantoro, Ketua GP 27 Juli (in Indonesian). Gerakan Pemuda 27 Juli 1996. p. 99.
  27. ↑ Tajima, Yuhki (2008). "Explaining Ethnic Violence in Indonesia: Demilitarizing Domestic Security". Journal of East Asian Studies. 8 (3): 456. doi:10.1017/S1598240800006500. JSTOR 23418634. S2CID 156248524.
  28. 1 2 Hardianto, B. Josie Susilo (18 December 2003). "Hampir Setahun Lampung Tanpa Gubernur Definitif: Catatan Akhir Tahun Nusantara". Kompas. p. 39. Retrieved 24 May 2022.
  29. ↑ Tajima, Yuhki (27 September 2016). "Political Development and the Fragmentation of Protection Markets: Politically Affiliated Gangs in Indonesia". Journal of Conflict Resolution. 62 (5): 1109–1110. doi:10.1177/0022002716669810. S2CID 152091136.
  30. ↑ "Pemukulan Ketua FPG Tanggamus Libatkan Anak Gubernur Lampung". detiknews (in Indonesian). Retrieved 24 May 2022.
  31. ↑ "Sjachroedin-Joko Menangi Pilkada Lampung Halaman all". Kompas (in Indonesian). 18 September 2008. Retrieved 24 May 2022.
  32. ↑ Ukhti, Faiza (22 May 2022). "Mantan Gubernur Lampung Oemarsono Meninggal dalam Usia 82 Tahun". RMOLLAMPUNG.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 24 May 2022.
  33. ↑ Munandar, Muhammad Aris. "Kabar Duka, Mantan Bupati Wonogiri Oemarsono Tutup Usia". detikjateng (in Indonesian). Retrieved 24 May 2022.
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