Oddur Gottskálksson | |
|---|---|
| Born | c. 1495/96 Hólar, Iceland |
| Died | 1556 (aged 41–42) Laxá í Kjós, Iceland |
| Occupation | jurist |
| Known for | First translation of the New Testament into Icelandic |
Oddur Gottskálksson (1495/1496[1] – 1556) was the translator of the first book printed in Icelandic, the New Testament.
Oddur was born in Hólar where his father, Gottskálk grimmi Nikulásson was bishop. After his father died in 1520, Oddur was sent to live with his paternal family in Bergen, Norway. When he was a young adult, he went to study in Germany, where he became acquainted with the ideas of the Protestant Reformation. Before 1535, he returned to Iceland to serve as a scribe for the Catholic Bishop of Skálholt, Ögmundur Pálsson. It was there that he befriended Gissur Einarsson and other Reform-minded clergy and began his translation of the New Testament.[2]
According to Oddur's own account, he did his translation work secretly in a barn: "Jesus, Our Redeemer, was laid in a donkey's crib, but now I lay in a barn to put his Word in my native language."[3] Oddur's translation of the New Testament was published with the approval of King Christian III and the Church of Denmark in 1540, marking the acknowledgement by the church of the Icelandic language.[4][5]
By 1554, Oddur had been elected as a jurist (lögmaður) for the north and west of Iceland, serving until his death in 1556. Oddur drowned while crossing the Laxá í Kjós river.[6]
References
- ↑ Vilborg Auður Ísleifsdóttir (2005). "Oddur norski og Nýja testamentið 1540". Ritmennt. Ársrit Landsbókasafns Íslands. 10: 133–150: 143.
- ↑ "Oddur Gottskálksson's Translation of the New Testament". Reykjavík, Iceland: Landsbókasafn Íslands Háskólabókasafn. Retrieved 8 February 2021.
- ↑ „Jesús, lausnari vor, var lagður í einn asnastall en nú tek ég að útleggja og í móðurmál mitt að snúa orði hans í einu fjósi.“
- ↑ Veturliði Óskarsson (November 2019). "The Icelandic Language at the Time of the Reformation: Some Reflections on Translations, Language and Foreign Influences". Nordlit (43): 102–114. doi:10.7557/13.4960.
- ↑ Neijmann, Daisy L. (1 January 2006). A History of Icelandic Literature. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press. pp. 177–178. ISBN 0-8032-3346-9. Retrieved 8 February 2021.
- ↑ Jón Egilsson (1856). "Biskupa Annálar" [Bishop's Annuals]. Safn til Sögu Íslands og Íslenzkra Bókmennta [Museum of the History of Iceland and Icelandic Literature] (in Icelandic). Copenhagen, Denmark: S.L. Möcler. pp. 76–79. Retrieved 21 February 2021.