Nikolai Antipov
Николай Антипов
Deputy Chairman of the
Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union
In office
27 April 1935 – 21 June 1937
PremierVyacheslav Molotov
Personal details
Born15 December [O.S. 3 December] 1894
Lisichkino village Starorussky Uyezd, Novgorod Governorate, Russian Empire
Died29 July 1938 (aged 43)
Moscow, Soviet Union
Political partyRSDLP (Bolsheviks) (1912–1918)
Russian Communist Party (1918–1937)

Nikolai Kirillovich Antipov (Russian: Никола́й Кири́ллович Анти́пов; 15 December 1894 – 29 July 1938) was a Soviet politician. He was appointed Member of the Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union and elected member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1924–1937) and candidate member of the Orgburo (1924–1925, 1928–1930). He was executed during the Great Purge and rehabilitated posthumously.

Biography

Antipov was born on 15 December [O.S. 3 December] 1894 in the village of Lisichkino, Starorussky Uyezd, Novgorod Governorate, in the family of a peasant.[1][2] He was of Russian ethnicity.[3]

Antipov trained as a fitter at a nautical technical school, and worked as a locksmith in a Saint Petersburg shipyard and in the Dynamo factory, Moscow.[4] In 1912 he joined the ranks of RSDLP (b). He was arrested in 1913 for participating in the activities organized by the party. In 1914, he was once again rearrested, and spent a year in prison. Arrested for a third time, for running an underground printing press, he was released during the February Revolution. In 1917, he was elected to the Petrograd Committee of RSDLP (b) and a deputy of the Petrograd Soviet, and in October 1917 to the Presidium of the Petrograd Central Council of factory committees.[5]

In August 1918, he was appointed to the post of Vice-President and then (January 1919) to the office of President of Petrograd Cheka, replacing Varvara Yakovleva.[6] In 1919, he was transferred to Kazan, serving as a secretary of the Kazan Governorate Communist Party Committee. In 1920, he was transferred to Moscow.[7] to work in the People's Commissariat for Transport, and later as Secretary of the Moscow Committee of the Communist Party.

In 1924, he was elected a member of the Communist Party Central Committee, and appointed head of Ograspred,[4] the Central Committee department responsible for appointing personnel, which brought him into regular, close contact with the General secretary, Josif Stalin. In January 1926, he was appointed First Secretary of the Ural Regional Committee. In 1926, he was moved to the post of the Second Secretary of the Leningrad Regional Committee and Secretary of the Northwest Office of the Communist Party.[8]

From January 16, 1928, to March 30, 1931, Antipov served as head of the People's Commissariat for Posts and Telegraphs of the USSR.[9] In 1931, he was appointed to the position of People's Commissar of the Workers' and Peasants' Inspectorate of the USSR.[10] He was soon appointed to the post of Deputy Chairman of the Commission of Soviet Control under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR.

On April 27, 1935, Antipov was appointed to the position of Chairman of the USSR Commission on Soviet Control and Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union. During the Great Purge, Antipov was arrested on June 21, 1937 and expelled from the Communist Party. On July 28, 1938, he was sentenced to death by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union and executed the next day.

On June 30, 1956, the decision of the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court was quashed, and Antipov was rehabilitated and restored to the ranks of the Communist Party.

References

  1. ↑ Watt, D.C.; Bourne, K.; Great Britain. Foreign Office (1984). British documents on foreign affairs--reports and papers from the Foreign Office confidential print: From the First to the Second World War. the Soviet Union, 1917-1939. University Publications of America. p. 400. ISBN 978-0-89093-601-6. Retrieved 14 August 2018. Antipov, Nikolai Kirilovich. Born in 1894 in the Government of Nijni Novgorod. Son of a journeyman labourer. A fitter by trade. Joined the party in 1912 ...
  2. ↑ А. Л. Бауман (2003). Руководители Санкт-Петербурга (in Russian). ОЛМА Медиа Групп. pp. 552–553. ISBN 9785765421147.
  3. ↑ Открытый список
  4. 1 2 Schmidt, O.Yu.; Bukharin, N.I.; et al., eds. (1926). Большая советская энциклопедия. Vol. 3. Moscow: Акционерное общество собетцкая энциклопедия.
  5. ↑ Fyodor Raskolnikov. "Кронштадт и Питер в 1917 году" (in Russian). Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  6. ↑ Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History. Slavica Publishers. 2006. p. 778. Retrieved 14 August 2018. Nikolai Kirillovich Antipov (former head of the Petrograd Cheka, 1918–20),72 Leonov (of the Petrograd GPU), and Pastukhov. The commission wasted no time in heading for Petrograd, and by 21 July had prepared a memo about the arrested ...
  7. ↑ "Энциклопедия Санкт-Петербурга". Encyclopedia of Saint-Petersburg (in Russian). Retrieved 8 September 2018.
  8. ↑ "Антипов Николай Кириллович". Справочник по истории Коммунистической партии и Советского Союза 1898 - 1991. Wayback Machine. Archived from the original on 2018-11-19. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
  9. ↑ Rhyne, G.N. (1995). The Supplement to the Modern Encyclopedia of Russian, Soviet and Eurasian History. Academic International Press. p. 237. ISBN 9780875691428. Retrieved 14 August 2018. In 1931 he made way for Nikolai Kirillovich Antipov (1894-1941), a long-time party official, previously People's Commissar for Posts and Telegraph, 1928-1931.
  10. ↑ Morton, H.W. (1963). Soviet sport, mirror of Soviet society. Russian civilization series. Collier Books. p. 185. Retrieved 31 July 2018. ... In March 1931, shortly after the Physical Culture Council became a federal (all-union) agency, Nikolai K. Antipov, an old-line Bolshevik and member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union since 1924, was ...

Bibliography

  • State power of the USSR. The highest authorities and administrations and their leaders. 1923–1991 Historical-biographical reference/DSGL. Ivkin. -M.: Russian Political Encyclopedia (Rosspen), 1999. Is ISBN 5-8243-0014-3.
  • The Encyclopedia of the secret services of Russia/author-writer Kolpakidi. -M.: AST: Astrel: Tranzitkniga, 2004. -C. 431. -800 c.-ISBN 5-17018975-3.
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