Neuropilin 2

NRP2
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2QQJ, 2QQK, 2QQL, 2QQO, 4QDQ, 4QDR, 4QDS, 5DN2
Identifiers
Aliases	NRP2, NP2, NPN2, PRO2714, VEGF165R2, neuropilin 2
External IDs	OMIM: 602070 MGI: 1100492 HomoloGene: 2875 GeneCards: NRP2
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 2 (human)
End	205,798,133 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (mouse)
End	62,857,854 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	sural nerve; ; gastric mucosa; ; Achilles tendon; ; smooth muscle tissue; ; gallbladder; ; left uterine tube; ; left adrenal gland; ; right adrenal gland; ; myometrium; ; tibia;
	Top expressed in
	calvaria; ; body of femur; ; habenula; ; dermis; ; olfactory tubercle; ; hair follicle; ; internal carotid artery; ; motor neuron; ; left lung lobe; ; external carotid artery;
	More reference expression data
	; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	vascular endothelial growth factor-activated receptor activity; heparin binding; semaphorin receptor activity; growth factor binding; metal ion binding; cytokine binding; protein binding; identical protein binding; signaling receptor activity;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; membrane; plasma membrane; semaphorin receptor complex; extracellular region; axon; glutamatergic synapse; integral component of postsynaptic membrane;
Biological process	sympathetic ganglion development; cell differentiation; semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway involved in neuron projection guidance; positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation; vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway; nervous system development; axon guidance; positive regulation of endothelial cell migration; multicellular organism development; sympathetic neuron projection guidance; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway; cell adhesion; angiogenesis; nerve development; sympathetic neuron projection extension; axon extension involved in axon guidance; outflow tract septum morphogenesis; neural crest cell migration; neuron migration; heart development; facial nerve structural organization; vestibulocochlear nerve structural organization; gonadotrophin-releasing hormone neuronal migration to the hypothalamus; ventral trunk neural crest cell migration; negative chemotaxis; trigeminal ganglion development; sensory neuron axon guidance; neural crest cell migration involved in autonomic nervous system development; facioacoustic ganglion development; dorsal root ganglion morphogenesis; cellular response to leukemia inhibitory factor; regulation of postsynapse organization; viral process;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	8828
	18187
	ENSG00000118257
	ENSMUSG00000025969
	O60462
	O35375
NM_003872; NM_018534; NM_201264; NM_201266; NM_201267;
	NM_201279
NM_001077403; NM_001077404; NM_001077405; NM_001077406; NM_001077407;
	NM_010939
NP_003863; NP_061004; NP_957716; NP_957718; NP_957719;
	NP_958436
NP_001070871; NP_001070872; NP_001070873; NP_001070874; NP_001070875;
	NP_035069
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Neuropilin 2 (NRP2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NRP2 gene.^[5]^[6]

This gene encodes a member of the neuropilin family of receptor proteins. NRP2 is expressed by a wide variety of cell types. The transmembrane protein has been reported to bind to SEMA3C, SEMA3F, VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, TGFβ, integrins and ANGPTL4 to promote downstream signaling pathways. Consequently, NRP2 is known to play a role in cardiovascular development, axon guidance, tumorigenesis, inflammation and cardiovascular disease.^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10] Multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene.^[11]

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000118257 - Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000025969 - Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ Soker S, Takashima S, Miao HQ, Neufeld G, Klagsbrun M (March 1998). "Neuropilin-1 is expressed by endothelial and tumor cells as an isoform-specific receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor". Cell. 92 (6): 735–45. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81402-6. PMID 9529250. S2CID 547080.
↑ Chen H, Chédotal A, He Z, Goodman CS, Tessier-Lavigne M (September 1997). "Neuropilin-2, a novel member of the neuropilin family, is a high affinity receptor for the semaphorins Sema E and Sema IV but not Sema III". Neuron. 19 (3): 547–59. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80371-2. PMID 9331348. S2CID 17985062.
↑ Harman JL, Sayers J, Chapman C, Pellet-Many C (2020-07-21). "Emerging Roles for Neuropilin-2 in Cardiovascular Disease". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 21 (14): 5154. doi:10.3390/ijms21145154. PMC 7404143. PMID 32708258.
↑ Kofler N, Simons M (May 2016). "The expanding role of neuropilin: regulation of transforming growth factor-β and platelet-derived growth factor signaling in the vasculature". Current Opinion in Hematology. 23 (3): 260–7. doi:10.1097/MOH.0000000000000233. PMC 4957701. PMID 26849476.
↑ Peng K, Bai Y, Zhu Q, Hu B, Xu Y (February 2019). "Targeting VEGF-neuropilin interactions: a promising antitumor strategy". Drug Discovery Today. 24 (2): 656–664. doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2018.10.004. PMID 30315890. S2CID 52979538.
↑ Kitsukawa T, Shimizu M, Sanbo M, Hirata T, Taniguchi M, Bekku Y, Yagi T, Fujisawa H (November 1997). "Neuropilin-semaphorin III/D-mediated chemorepulsive signals play a crucial role in peripheral nerve projection in mice". Neuron. 19 (5): 995–1005. doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80392-x. PMID 9390514. S2CID 17769318.
↑ "Entrez Gene: NRP2 neuropilin 2".

Neufeld G, Cohen T, Gengrinovitch S, Poltorak Z (January 1999). "Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors". FASEB Journal. 13 (1): 9–22. doi:10.1096/fasebj.13.1.9. PMID 9872925. S2CID 1151216.
Kolodkin AL, Levengood DV, Rowe EG, Tai YT, Giger RJ, Ginty DD (August 1997). "Neuropilin is a semaphorin III receptor". Cell. 90 (4): 753–62. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80535-8. PMID 9288754. S2CID 17268123.
Giger RJ, Urquhart ER, Gillespie SK, Levengood DV, Ginty DD, Kolodkin AL (November 1998). "Neuropilin-2 is a receptor for semaphorin IV: insight into the structural basis of receptor function and specificity". Neuron. 21 (5): 1079–92. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80625-X. PMID 9856463. S2CID 18445456.
Chen H, He Z, Bagri A, Tessier-Lavigne M (December 1998). "Semaphorin-neuropilin interactions underlying sympathetic axon responses to class III semaphorins". Neuron. 21 (6): 1283–90. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80648-0. PMID 9883722.
Takahashi T, Nakamura F, Jin Z, Kalb RG, Strittmatter SM (October 1998). "Semaphorins A and E act as antagonists of neuropilin-1 and agonists of neuropilin-2 receptors". Nature Neuroscience. 1 (6): 487–93. doi:10.1038/2203. PMID 10196546. S2CID 38320889.
Rossignol M, Beggs AH, Pierce EA, Klagsbrun M (May 1999). "Human neuropilin-1 and neuropilin-2 map to 10p12 and 2q34, respectively". Genomics. 57 (3): 459–60. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.5790. PMID 10329017.
Tamagnone L, Artigiani S, Chen H, He Z, Ming GI, Song H, et al. (October 1999). "Plexins are a large family of receptors for transmembrane, secreted, and GPI-anchored semaphorins in vertebrates". Cell. 99 (1): 71–80. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80063-X. PMID 10520995. S2CID 17386412.
Gluzman-Poltorak Z, Cohen T, Herzog Y, Neufeld G (June 2000). "Neuropilin-2 is a receptor for the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) forms VEGF-145 and VEGF-165 [corrected]". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (24): 18040–5. doi:10.1074/jbc.M909259199. PMID 10748121.
Handa A, Tokunaga T, Tsuchida T, Lee YH, Kijima H, Yamazaki H, et al. (August 2000). "Neuropilin-2 expression affects the increased vascularization and is a prognostic factor in osteosarcoma". International Journal of Oncology. 17 (2): 291–5. doi:10.3892/ijo.17.2.291. PMID 10891538.
Rossignol M, Gagnon ML, Klagsbrun M (December 2000). "Genomic organization of human neuropilin-1 and neuropilin-2 genes: identification and distribution of splice variants and soluble isoforms". Genomics. 70 (2): 211–22. doi:10.1006/geno.2000.6381. PMID 11112349.
Gluzman-Poltorak Z, Cohen T, Shibuya M, Neufeld G (June 2001). "Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 and neuropilin-2 form complexes". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (22): 18688–94. doi:10.1074/jbc.M006909200. PMID 11278319.
Cohen T, Gluzman-Poltorak Z, Brodzky A, Meytal V, Sabo E, Misselevich I, et al. (June 2001). "Neuroendocrine cells along the digestive tract express neuropilin-2". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 284 (2): 395–403. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.4958. PMID 11394892.
Herzog Y, Kalcheim C, Kahane N, Reshef R, Neufeld G (November 2001). "Differential expression of neuropilin-1 and neuropilin-2 in arteries and veins". Mechanisms of Development. 109 (1): 115–9. doi:10.1016/S0925-4773(01)00518-4. PMID 11677062. S2CID 18341197.
Oh H, Takagi H, Otani A, Koyama S, Kemmochi S, Uemura A, Honda Y (January 2002). "Selective induction of neuropilin-1 by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF): a mechanism contributing to VEGF-induced angiogenesis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99 (1): 383–8. Bibcode:2002PNAS...99..383O. doi:10.1073/pnas.012074399. PMC 117569. PMID 11756651.
Fakhari M, Pullirsch D, Abraham D, Paya K, Hofbauer R, Holzfeind P, et al. (January 2002). "Selective upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors neuropilin-1 and -2 in human neuroblastoma". Cancer. 94 (1): 258–63. doi:10.1002/cncr.10177. PMID 11815985. S2CID 45773136.
Cohen T, Herzog Y, Brodzky A, Greenson JK, Eldar S, Gluzman-Poltorak Z, et al. (September 2002). "Neuropilin-2 is a novel marker expressed in pancreatic islet cells and endocrine pancreatic tumours". The Journal of Pathology. 198 (1): 77–82. doi:10.1002/path.1179. PMID 12210066. S2CID 24579823.
Kawakami T, Tokunaga T, Hatanaka H, Kijima H, Yamazaki H, Abe Y, et al. (November 2002). "Neuropilin 1 and neuropilin 2 co-expression is significantly correlated with increased vascularity and poor prognosis in nonsmall cell lung carcinoma". Cancer. 95 (10): 2196–201. doi:10.1002/cncr.10936. PMID 12412174. S2CID 28744286.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000118257 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000025969 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid9529250-5] Soker S, Takashima S, Miao HQ, Neufeld G, Klagsbrun M (March 1998). "Neuropilin-1 is expressed by endothelial and tumor cells as an isoform-specific receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor". Cell. 92 (6): 735–45. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81402-6. PMID 9529250. S2CID 547080.

[pmid9331348-6] Chen H, Chédotal A, He Z, Goodman CS, Tessier-Lavigne M (September 1997). "Neuropilin-2, a novel member of the neuropilin family, is a high affinity receptor for the semaphorins Sema E and Sema IV but not Sema III". Neuron. 19 (3): 547–59. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80371-2. PMID 9331348. S2CID 17985062.

[7] Harman JL, Sayers J, Chapman C, Pellet-Many C (2020-07-21). "Emerging Roles for Neuropilin-2 in Cardiovascular Disease". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 21 (14): 5154. doi:10.3390/ijms21145154. PMC 7404143. PMID 32708258.

[8] Kofler N, Simons M (May 2016). "The expanding role of neuropilin: regulation of transforming growth factor-β and platelet-derived growth factor signaling in the vasculature". Current Opinion in Hematology. 23 (3): 260–7. doi:10.1097/MOH.0000000000000233. PMC 4957701. PMID 26849476.

[9] Peng K, Bai Y, Zhu Q, Hu B, Xu Y (February 2019). "Targeting VEGF-neuropilin interactions: a promising antitumor strategy". Drug Discovery Today. 24 (2): 656–664. doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2018.10.004. PMID 30315890. S2CID 52979538.

[pmid9390514-10] Kitsukawa T, Shimizu M, Sanbo M, Hirata T, Taniguchi M, Bekku Y, Yagi T, Fujisawa H (November 1997). "Neuropilin-semaphorin III/D-mediated chemorepulsive signals play a crucial role in peripheral nerve projection in mice". Neuron. 19 (5): 995–1005. doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80392-x. PMID 9390514. S2CID 17769318.

[entrez-11] "Entrez Gene: NRP2 neuropilin 2".

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References

Further reading