Natalie Grams-Nobmann
Natalie Grams wearing golden earrings, with a short haircut
Grams in 2018
Born (1978-04-12) 12 April 1978
Munich, West Germany
NationalityGerman
Occupations
Years active2004–present
Known for
  • Criticism of homeopathy
  • Advocacy of Better Medicine

Natalie Grams-Nobmann[1][2] (born 12 April 1978) is a German physician and author. Formerly a practicing homeopath, she became known throughout Germany as a whistleblower for her 2015 debut book Homeopathy Reconsidered – What Really Helps Patients in which she criticized homeopathy. In 2016 she joined the Science Council of the Society for the Scientific Investigation of Parasciences (GWUP – the German Sceptics Association). From January 2017 to April 2020 she served as Communications Manager for the GWUP.[3] She also serves on the advisory board of the humanist Giordano Bruno Foundation since May 2017,[4] and as vice president of the Humanist Press Foundation in Germany since October 2017.[5] In October 2017 her second book, Gesundheit – A Book Not Without Side Effects, was published. It was followed by her third book, What really Works – Compass through the World of Gentle Medicine, in February 2020. In 2021, Natalie Grams was awarded the Fellowship of the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry. This award is given for "distingued contributions to science and skepticism and for commitment to rational inquiry and public education".

Biography

Grams grew up in Bavaria, where she graduated high school in 1997. She studied medicine at Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Technical University of Munich, and Heidelberg University, where in 2005 she gained licensure as a physician in Germany.[6][7] In 2007 she received her doctorate as a medical faculty member at the University of Zurich. Until 2009 she was an intern at a private religiously-affiliated hospital in Heidelberg, where she specialized in geriatric and palliative medicine.[8]

In a 2021 article Sami Emory relates the story of an incident in 2013. Grams became violently ill from a viral infection. Normally Grams would have treated her condition with homeopathy. But her condition was bad enough that her family called for help. During the ambulance ride the medics engaged her in conversation and Grams said she was a physician. They asked what field of medicine she was in. She realized that the medics were able to save people's lives but, as a homeopathic doctor she was not. This caused her to question calling herself a homeopath, so she lied and said she was a general practitioner. She continued to practice homeopathy but it was only a couple of years later, when she started working on a defense of homeopathy, that questions about homeopathy would cause her to reevaluate homeopathy and her life in it.[9]

In 2004, in parallel with her medical education, Grams began pursuing education in traditional Chinese medicine and homeopathy. She completed her homeopathic education with an additional professional designation in that area,[10] and was active exclusively in private homeopathic practice from 2009 through 2015.[8]

In May 2015 her first book Homeopathy Reconsidered – What Really Helps Patients was published by Springer Verlag in German (German title Homöopathie neu gedacht – Was Patienten wirklich hilft). She abandoned her homeopathic activity the same year.[11] Grams is currently active in the Public Health sector, as a science communicator[12] and as a freelance author.

Criticism of homeopathy and alternative medicine

Grams is an authority, and a leading participant in public debate on the subject of homeopathy.[13][14] As a practicing homeopathic doctor she was interviewed by journalists Christian Weymayr and Nicole Heißmann for their book The Homeopathy Lie (German title: Die Homöopathie-Lüge).[15] Upon reading that book's criticism of homeopathy, Grams wanted to write a rebuttal in defense of homeopathy.[16]

Instead, her research in preparation for this rebuttal caused her to reconsider the scientific evidence [17][18][9] on the subject of homeopathy. This in turn led Grams to revise her own views on the topic. Rather than the planned defense of homeopathy, her first book Homeopathy Reconsidered – What Really Helps Patients, published in 2015, is a critical examination of homeopathy The book is especially critical of claims that homeopathy constitutes a specific drug therapy.[16] Grams says she tried to be empathetic in her writing style, intending for the reader to "feel [her] agony, discovering these facts about homeopathy."[19] As a practicing homeopath, Grams had experienced individual successes in treating patients, but her search for scientific arguments to justify these successes led her to realize that little evidence existed.[20] She described the beginning of her doubts about homeopathy as coming "…when [she] learned that, in evaluating the efficacy of a therapy, the decisive thing is not one's experience but rather the results of clinical studies."[21] She has said that letting go of her perception of homeopathy as "some sort of 'parallel knowledge' … just as admissible and legitimate as scientific knowledge" required a realization that she had deeply deceived herself.[22][23]

At the end of this learning process, Grams decided to abandon her own private homeopathic practice, and livelihood, because she no longer wanted to offer therapies that she could not fully stand behind.[14] In explaining this decision, she draws a contrast between the lack of scientific support[17][24][25] for homeopathy and the positive secondary effects of the homeopathic setting, including the approachable and attentive style of patient care sometimes termed talking medicine.[26] Grams describes Samuel Hahnemann, the German originator of homeopathy, as a clever person who rebelled against a superstitious, prescientific medical establishment which promoted therapies that imperiled the lives of patients; as she put it, "[h]omeopathy was, at the time, the lesser evil."[27] She says that Hahnemann's own theories amounted to self-deception, with efficacy no greater than a placebo, "[w]hich is not surprising, since [homeopathic] medicines contain nothing."[28][29] Grams credits a book by Daniel Kahneman with helping her understand that homeopathy had appealed to her fast, intuitive thought processes, bypassing her slow, analytical faculties, and that she had "avoided cognitive dissonance by rationally questioning homeopathy at a very late stage."[30]

Although Grams fundamentally opposes homeopathy as a discipline, she wishes to see mainstream health systems embrace the idea of better medicine – an effort to enable intensive attention to the patient in daily medical practice.[31] In interviews with German daily newspapers Süddeutsche Zeitung and Die Welt, Grams stated that "[h]omeopathy works because we homeopaths and our patients have the idea that it works",[32] and characterized homeopathy itself as a patient which "lacks data and facts, it hallucinates, it does not want to admit its illness. But insight into illness can be a first step to recovery."[33] She perceives a distorted picture among homeopaths of scientific work, in which science is thought to be not a method but a worldview; this misunderstanding leads to a lack of clarity about the ardour and rigor science requires to produce a result. She nonetheless considers the practical element of homeopathy – attentiveness to the patient – valuable, opining that physicians "must carry this over into everyday medical and clinical life – but without the magic part involving succussion and potentization."[34] In an interview with Der Spiegel, Grams said that given the lack of evidence for homeopathic medicines' efficacy exceeding the placebo effect, "[i]f a group of doctors staunchly asserts that homeopathy works, one must – for the sake of patients – object."[35]

The impact of Grams' position in print media,[36][37][16][38][39][40][34][41] radio, and television[42][43][44][45] was an essential factor in the intensified German public discourse surrounding homeopathy since 2015.[46][47][48][49] She delivered a talk at SkepKon 2017 titled Enlightenment about pseudomedicine: What have skeptics achieved?[50]

Along with author and homeopathy critic Norbert Aust, Grams co-founded the Information Network on Homeopathy (Informationsnetzwerk Homöopathie – INH) in 2016.[51][52][14][53] She served as head and spokesperson for ihe INH from 2016 to 2020 and was followed by oncologist Prof. Dr. Jutta Hübner, Jena University.[54]

She lent her expertise as a member of the "Münsteraner Kreis", a free association of scientists on the subject of "Pseudomedicine in Public Health",.as an author in support of the Münster Memorandum on Practitioners of Alternative Medicine, which aims to mitigate the potential for patient harm from therapists who lack academic medical education (Heilpraktiker – literally healing practitioners) by proposing a German regulatory framework to balance the concerns of patient autonomy and freedom of therapy against fairness to health insurance providers and insurees.[55][56] She also co-authored the second publication of the Münsteraner Kreis, the "Münster Memorandum on Homeopathy",[57] which appeared in 2018.

Reaction

Grams took up the publication of her 2015 book with the intention of stimulating self-reflection among those in the homeopathic orbit. She has expressed regret that this introspection had not yet happened until today. Homeopaths who reviewed her first book didn't go to a factual discourse but have questioned the motivation behind her conversion (i.e., her change of mind based on rational arguments), mostly in a defamatory way.[58][59] Grams reported that she had received a lot of rejection since becoming a public critic of homeopathy, often in the form of personal attacks, defamations, even death threats. She had even had to take advantage of police protection at events.[60]

Temporarily she held in mind writing a book collecting and discussing the many angry and partly threatening e-mails and comments she has received in response to her writing and activism. She hopes to reach people who share the false popular perception of homeopathic therapy as "gentle", "empathetic" and basically the "better medicine" and prompt them to re-examine that opinion on a factual basis.[61]

Writings

  • Homöopathie neu gedacht – Was Patienten wirklich hilft (Homeopathy Reconsidered – What Really Helps Patients). Springer-Verlag, Berlin/ Heidelberg 2015, ISBN 978-3662453360. Published in English in 2019 under the title Homeopathy reconsidered – What Patients really helps. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2019, ISBN 978-3030005085[62]
  • Gesundheit – Ein Buch nicht ohne Nebenwirkungen (Gesundheit – A Book Not Without Side Effects). Springer-Verlag, Berlin/ Heidelberg, 2017, ISBN 978-3662547984.
  • "Homeopathy – Where is the science? – A current inventory of a pre-scientific artifact". Grams N. (2019); EMBO Reports, e47761. doi:10.15252/embr.201947761
  • Was wirklich wirkt – Kompass durch die Welt der sanften Medizin (What Really Works – Compass through the World of Gentle Medicine), Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin, 2020. ISBN 978-3351034719

See also

  • Edzard Ernst: German-born former homeopath turned critic of homeopathy and alternative medicine generally
  • Britt Marie Hermes: American ex-naturopath turned whistleblower; As of January 2018, remediating her academic medical education in Germany

References

  1. ↑ Grams-Nobmann, Natalie. "Dr. med. Natalie Grams – Ärztin und Autorin". Natalie Grams.de. Natalie Grams-Nobmann. Retrieved 4 November 2021.
  2. ↑ Grams-Nobmann, Natalie. "Autorentext". Hans Albert Institut. Retrieved 4 November 2021.
  3. ↑ "GWUP – Die Skeptiker – Wissenschaftsrat" [GWUP – The Skeptics – Council of Science and Humanities]. GWUP.org (in German). Archived from the original on 18 January 2018. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
  4. ↑ "Beiratsmitglieder der Giordano-Bruno-Stiftung" [Advisory Board Members of the Giordano Bruno Foundation]. Giordano Bruno Stiftung (in German). 28 March 2011. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  5. ↑ "Der Trägerverein des hpd mit neuem Präsidium" [Supporting Staff of HPD with New Executive Committee]. hpd.de (in German). 9 October 2017. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  6. ↑ Grabar, Edda. "Homöopathie: Die Nestbeschmutzerin" [Homeopathy: The Whistleblower]. zeit.de (in German). Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  7. ↑ Bergmann, Jens. "Natalie Grams: Die Ketzerin" [Natalie Grams: The Heretic]. brandeins.de (in German). Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  8. 1 2 Grams, Natalie. "Lebenslauf" [Curriculum Vitae]. natalie-grams.de (in German). Retrieved 26 January 2018.
  9. 1 2 Emory, Sami (12 October 2021). "Homeopathy Doesn't Work. So Why Do So Many Germans Believe in It?". Bloomberg.com. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  10. ↑ "Who is Who: Dr. Natalie Grams". GWUP.de (in German). Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  11. ↑ "Eine Ärztin denkt um: "Homöopathie hat keine arzneiliche Wirkung"" [A Physician Thinks About: "Homeopathy has no Medicinal Effect"]. rnz.de (in German). Rhein Neckar Zeitung. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  12. ↑ "Nachrichten am 12.01.2017" [Stories on 12 January 2017]. GWUP.de (in German). Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  13. ↑ "Homöopathie: Wirksame Medizin oder Geldverschwendung?" [Homeopathy: Effective Medicine or Waste of Money?]. daserste.de (in German). Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  14. 1 2 3 "Kritische Diskussion über die Homöopathie – Wirksame Medizin oder Placebo" [Critical Discussion About Homeopathy – Effective Medicine or Placebo]. Heilpraxisnet.de (in German). 9 September 2016. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  15. ↑ "Für alle Homöopathen, die meinen, meine Story wäre nur erfunden..." [For All Homeopaths Who Think my Story was Made Up]. homoeopathie-neu-gedacht.blogspot.de (in German). Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  16. 1 2 3 Prößer, Claudius (8 April 2016). "Ex-Homöopathin über Globuli "Es war mein Lebenstraum"" [Ex Homeopath on Globules "It was my Life's Dream"]. Die Tageszeitung: Taz (in German). Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  17. 1 2 "NHMRC Statement on Homeopathy and NHMRC Information Paper – Evidence on the effectiveness of homeopathy for treating health conditions". nhmrc.gov.au. Australian Government National Health and Medical Research Council. 3 February 2015. Archived from the original on 19 April 2017. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  18. ↑ "Australischer Gutachter "Immer noch keine Evidenz für die Homöopathie"" [Australian Expert "Still no Evidence for Homeopathy"]. deutsche-apotheker-zeitung.de (in German). 22 February 2016. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  19. ↑ Pintér, András; Levin, Jelena; Böckman, Pontus (3 October 2016). "Episode #042, feat. Natalie Grams" (MP3). soundcloud.com. 9m32s: The European Skeptics Podcast. Retrieved 16 January 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  20. ↑ Eppner, Andrea (February 2017). "Weil sie nicht mehr an Homöopathie glaubte, schloss sie ihre Praxis" [Because She No Longer Believed in Homeopathy, She Closed her Practice]. merkur.de (in German). Archived from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2018. Auslöser war ein Buch, das ich zur Verteidigung der Homöopathie schreiben wollte – als Reaktion auf das Buch „Die Homöopathie-Lüge". Bei der Recherche habe ich nach Argumenten gesucht, um die Erfolge, die ich jeden Tag mit Homöopathie erlebte, auch wissenschaftlich begründen zu können. Doch so sehr ich gesucht habe, ich musste feststellen: Es bleibt nicht viel übrig.
  21. ↑ Corinna Hartmann (5 September 2017). "Gesundheitssystem: Homöopathie kann gefährlich sein" [Health System: Homeopathy Can be Hazardous]. spektrum.de (in German). Archived from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 11 September 2017. Der Zweifel kam, als ich lernte, dass Erfahrung bei der Wirksamkeitsbewertung einer Therapie nicht entscheidend ist, sondern das Ergebnis klinischer Studien.
  22. ↑ Mützel, Daniel (22 August 2017). "Gegen den "Irrsinn": Wissenschaftler fordern Abschaffung des Heilpraktikerberufs" [Against the "Madness": Scientists Demand Abolition of Alternative Practitioner Profession]. motherboard.vice.com (in German). Archived from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2018. Das war hart für mich, ich war da selbst so tief drin.
  23. ↑ Nicolai, Frank (5 May 2017). "Von der Homöopathin zur aktiven Homöopathie-Kritikerin" [From Homeopath to Active Homeopathy Critic]. hpd.de (in German). Archived from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2018. Mir kam die Homöopathie immer wie so eine Art "Parallelwissen" vor, dass genauso erlaubt und berechtigt ist wie das naturwissenschaftliche Wissen. Es war schwer einzusehen, wie sehr ich mich da getäuscht habe.
  24. ↑ "Memorandum: On the Pseudoscience of Homeopathy". klnran.ru (in Russian). Russian Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  25. ↑ "Homöopathie ist Pseudowissenschaft – nun offiziell in Russland – Übersetzung des Memorandums und der Pressemitteilung" [Homeopathy is Pseudoscience – Now Officially in Russia – Translation of the Memoranda and the Press Release]. .netzwerk-homoeopathie.eu (in German). 8 February 2017. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  26. ↑ Grams, Natalie; Aust, Norbert (1 September 2016). "Das INH nimmt Stellung zur aktuellen Debatte um die Rechte und Pflichten von Heilpraktikern" [The INH comments on current debate about rights and duties of alternative practitioners]. netzwerk-homoeopathie.eu (in German). Archived from the original on 26 January 2018. Retrieved 26 January 2018.
  27. ↑ Albrecht, Bernhard (25 November 2015). "Warum Natalie Grams mit der Homöopathie gebrochen hat" [Why Natalie Grams Broke with Homeopathy]. stern.de (in German). Archived from the original on 29 August 2017. Retrieved 13 January 2018. ...Hahnemann war sehr klug, er hinterfragte alles, und die Medizin, gegen die er damals rebellierte, war beherrscht von Aberglauben und Therapien, die lebensgefährlich für die Patienten waren. Die Homöopathie war damals das kleinere Übel...
  28. ↑ Wirsching, Stefanie. "Warum eine Ärztin plötzlich ihre Meinung ändert" [Why a Physician Abruptly Changes her Mind]. augsburger-allgemeine.de (in German). Archived from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2018. Hahnemann hat sich getäucht.
  29. ↑ "Natalie Grams Ex-Homöopathin: "Globuli sind Betrug am Patienten"" [Natalie Grams Ex-Homeopath: "Globules are Deceit of Patients"]. berliner-kurier.de (in German). Archived from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2018. Bei der Homöopathie geht eine Wirksamkeit nicht über ein Placebo hinaus. Was nicht verwunderlich ist, da ihre Medikamente nichts enthalten.
  30. ↑ Nicolai, Frank (5 May 2017). "Von der Homöopathin zur aktiven Homöopathie-Kritikerin" [From Homeopath to Active Homeopathy Critic]. hpd.de (in German). Archived from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2018. Ich habe erst durch ein Buch von Kahneman verstanden, das sich mit „schnellem und langsamen Denken" beschäftigt, dass ich der Homöopathie mit meinem schnellen intuitiven Denken, vielleicht „Bauchgefühlsdenken", angehangen habe, während ich sonst schon in der Lage zu rational-analytischem, also langsamen, Denken war. Ich habe die kognitive Dissonanz vermieden, indem ich die Homöopathie erst sehr spät auch rational hinterfragt habe.
  31. ↑ Feldwisch-Drentrup, Hinnerk (2 February 2016). "Schlagwort: ehemaligen Alternativmedizinerin Natalie Grams" [Catchphrase: Ex-Alternative Medicine Practitioner Natalie Grams]. brightsblog.wordpress.com (in German). Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  32. ↑ Schmitz, Thorsten (16 January 2017). "Die Globulisierungsgegnerin" [The Opponent of Globulization]. sueddeutsche.de (in German). Archived from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2018. Homöopathie wirkt, weil wir als Homöopathen und weil unsere Patienten die Vorstellung haben, dass sie wirke.
  33. ↑ Sudholt, Eva (29 September 2015). "Als wäre ich aus einer Sekte ausgestiegen" [As If I Escaped From a Cult]. Die Welt (in German). Archived from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2018. Die Homöopathie ist selbst ein Patient. Es fehlt ihr an Daten und Fakten, sie halluziniert und will ihre Krankheit nicht wahrhaben. Aber Krankheitseinsicht kann ein erster Schritt zur Genesung sein.
  34. 1 2 "Wissenschaft ist eine Methode, kein Weltbild" [Science is a Method, not a Worldview]. Laborjournal online (in German). 1 October 2015. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  35. ↑ Weber, Nina (14 June 2017). "Homöopathie-Kongress in Leipzig: "Humbug"" [Homeopathy Congress in Leipzig: "Nonsense"]. Der Spiegel (in German). Archived from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2018. Fakt ist: Wir haben keinen Anlass zu glauben, dass homöopathische Medikamente eine Wirkung haben, die über den Placebo-Effekt hinausgeht. Wenn eine Gruppe Ärzte standhaft behauptet, dass Homöopathie wirkt, muss man – zum Wohle der Patienten – widersprechen.
  36. ↑ Sudholt, Eva (29 August 2015). "Als wäre ich aus einer Sekte ausgestiegen" [As if I Escaped From a Cult]. Die Welt (in German). Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  37. ↑ "Aus meiner Sicht ist das Pharmawerbung" [In my View it's Pharma Advertising]. Spiegel Online (in German). 6 December 2016. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  38. ↑ "Die Nestbeschmutzerin" [The Whistleblower]. Zeit Online (in German). 15 May 2016. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  39. ↑ "Die Ketzerin" [The Heretic]. brand eins online (in German). September 2016. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  40. ↑ "Warum Natalie Grams mit der Homöopathie gebrochen hat" [Why Natalie Grams Broke with Homeopathy]. Stern Online (in German). 25 November 2015. Archived from the original on 29 August 2017. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
  41. ↑ "Homeopathy Doesn't Work. So Why Do So Many Germans Believe in It?". Bloomberg.com. 12 October 2021. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
  42. ↑ "100 Fragen live an Natalie Grams" [100 Questions Live on Natalie Grams]. ZDF heute auf Facebook (in German). 7 February 2017. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  43. ↑ "Eine Ärztin erzählt, warum sie nicht mehr mit Homöopathie behandelt" [A Physician Tells Why She no Longer Treats with Homeopathy]. Welt online (in German). 28 April 2017. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  44. ↑ "Ärztin Natalie Grams über die besonderen Eigenschaften der Homöopathie" [Physician Natalie Grams on the Special Qualities of Homeopathy]. WDR1 (in German). 10 May 2017. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  45. ↑ Lanz, Markus (10 May 2017). "Dr. Natalie Grams, Ärztin – Jahrelang praktizierte sie als überzeugte Homöopathin" [Dr. Natalie Grams, Physician – For Years She Practiced as a Believing Homeopath]. ZDF (in German). 58m05s. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  46. ↑ "Eine Frage des Glaubens – Homöopathie auf dem Prüfstand" [A Question Faith – Homeopathy on the Test Bench]. Deutschlandfunk (in German). 12 May 2017. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  47. ↑ "Wirksame Medizin oder Geldverschwendung?" [Effective Medicine or Waste of Money?]. SWR (in German). 9 May 2017. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  48. ↑ Weidemann, Klara (15 May 2017). "Das Geschäft mit dem Öko-Trend" [The Eco-Trendy Business]. Die Tageszeitung: Taz (in German). Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  49. ↑ "Warum Krankenkassen endlich aufhören sollten, für Homöopathie zu bezahlen" [Why Health Insurance Funds Should Finally Stop Paying for Homeopathy]. Motherboard (in German). 3 June 2016. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  50. ↑ "Dr. Natalie Grams". SkepKon. Archived from the original on 17 January 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
  51. ↑ Soldt, Rüdiger. "Den Homöopathen soll es an die Globuli gehen" [Homeopaths Should go to Globules]. faz.net (in German). Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  52. ↑ "Homöopathiekritiker starten Informations-Netzwerk" [Homeopathy Critics Start Information Network]. deutsche-apotheker-zeitung.de (in German). 1 February 2016. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  53. ↑ "Netzwerk Homöopathie" [Homeopathy Network]. netzwerk-homoeopathie.eu (in German). Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  54. ↑ "Dr. Natalie Grams". 14 October 2022.
  55. ↑ Anlauf, Manfred; Aust, Norbert; Bertelsen, Hans-Werner; Boscheinen, Juliana; Ernst, Edzard; Friedrich, Daniel R.; Grams, Natalie; et al. (21 August 2017). "Münsteraner Memorandum Heilpraktiker: Ein Statement der interdisziplinären Expertengruppe "Münsteraner Kreis" zu einer Neuregelung des Heilpraktikerwesens" [Münster Memorandum on Alternative Practitioners: A Statement of the Interdisciplinary Expert Group "Münster Roundtable" on a New Regulation on the Character of Alternative Practitioners] (PDF) (in German). Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
  56. ↑ "If the profession of medical practitioner abolished?". presse-nachrichten.de. 23 August 2017. Archived from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
  57. ↑ Münsteraner Kreis (Münster Circle) (1 February 2018). "Memorandum Homöopathie". www.muensteraner-kreis.de. Archived from the original on 23 December 2018. Retrieved 23 December 2018.
  58. ↑ "Medizin falsch gedacht: Rezension über Natalie Grams "neu gedachte" Homöopathie" [Medicine Thought Wrong: Review of Natalie Grams' "Reconsidered" Homeopathy]. homoeopathie-online.info (in German). 3 August 2015. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  59. ↑ "Stellungnahme zu: Natalie Grams "Homöopathie neu gedacht"" [Comment on: Natalie Grams' "Homeopathy Reconsidered"]. vkhd.de (in German). Archived from the original on 29 August 2017. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  60. ↑ Merkelbach, Annika (22 January 2019). "Natalie Grams: Professional Homeopath to Professional Skeptic". CSCIP. CFI. Retrieved 23 January 2019.
  61. ↑ Pintér, András; Levin, Jelena; Böckman, Pontus (24 November 2017). "Episode #100 – Superheroes of Skepticism" (MP3). soundcloud.com. 22m36s: The European Skeptics Podcast. Retrieved 16 January 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  62. ↑ Hall, Harriet (26 February 2019). "Homeopath Quits Homeopathy but Thinks the Homeopathic Approach Has Value". sciencebasedmedicine.org. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
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