Morito Tatsuo
森戸辰男
BornDecember 23, 1888
Hiroshima, Japan
DiedMay 28, 1984
EducationTokyo Imperial University
OccupationEconomist

Morito Tatsuo (森戸 辰男, Morito Tatsuo, December 23, 1888 – May 28, 1984) was a Japanese economist. He served as the Minister of Education under Prime Minister Tetsu Katayama, and was the first president of Hiroshima University.

Early life and education

Morito was born in what is now Fukuyama, Hiroshima, Japan on December 23, 1888. He attended First Higher School, Japan, where he was influenced by Nitobe Inazo. He then went on to study at the Tokyo Imperial University, where he studied under Takano Iwasaburo. He graduated in 1914, but became an assistant professor there in 1919.[1]

Career

Morito incident

Morito was a member of the university's newly-created economics department, and was a member of a Marxist study group. Ōuchi Hyōei, another member of the study group, became the editor of the department's new research journal, and published an article that Morito had submitted. The article was a discussion of Peter Kropotkin's theories and a criticism of Japan's political systems.[2] The Home Ministry made them stop distributing the journal on December 27, 1919, on the grounds that Morito's article advocated for anarchism. Morito refused to apologize for writing the article, so the economics department faculty voted to suspend both Morito and Ouchi in January 1920. The Home Ministry also took them to court. Despite protests from hundreds of university students, Morito was sentenced to three months in jail. Ouchi was sentenced to a year of probation. After serving his sentence, Morito followed Takano to the Ohara Institute for Social Research.[1]

After the incident

Morito worked at the Ohara Institute until he ran for office in 1946 as a member of the Japan Socialist Party. He was elected, and served as a member of the House of Representatives.[3] He became the Minister of Education under Tetsu Katayama in May 1947, and served in that capacity until October 1948.[4] He became the first president of Hiroshima University from 1950 to 1963. He also served as the head of the Japan Student Services Organization and the Central Council for Education from 1963 to 1971, the head of the Japan Library Association from 1964 to 1979, and the Kokugo Shingikai.[3] He was awarded the Order of the Sacred Treasure, first class, in 1964, the Person of Cultural Merit in 1971, and the Order of the Rising Sun in 1974.[5]

Morito died on May 28, 1984.[4]

References

  1. 1 2 Marshall, Byron K. (1978). "Academic Factionalism in Japan: The Case of the Tōdai Economics Department, 1919-1939". Modern Asian Studies. 12 (4): 529–551. doi:10.1017/S0026749X00006314. ISSN 0026-749X. JSTOR 312368. S2CID 145353946.
  2. ↑ Mitchell, Richard H. (1973). "Japan's Peace Preservation Law of 1925: Its Origins and Significance". Monumenta Nipponica. 28 (3): 317–345. doi:10.2307/2383786. ISSN 0027-0741. JSTOR 2383786.
  3. 1 2 "森戸辰男氏（略歴）｜獨協大学". 獨協大学 (in Japanese). Retrieved 2020-11-11.
  4. 1 2 Frederic, Louis; Louis-Frédéric (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
  5. ↑ 日本人名大辞典+Plus,日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ),世界大百科事典内言及, ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典,デジタル大辞泉,デジタル版. "森戸辰男とは". コトバンク (in Japanese). Retrieved 2020-11-11.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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