A mnemonic verse listing monarchs ruling in England since William the Conqueror was traditionally used by British schoolchildren in the era when rote learning formed a major part of the curriculum.
The verse
Various versions of the verse exist. One version is:[1]
- Willie Willie Harry Stee
- Harry Dick John Harry three;
- One two three Neds, Richard two
- Harrys four five six ... then who?
- Edwards four five, Dick the bad,
- Harrys (twain),VII VIII Ned six (the lad);
- Mary, Bessie, James you ken,
- Then Charlie, Charlie, James again...
- Will and Mary, Anna Gloria,
- Georges four,I II III IV Will four, Victoria;
- Edward seven next, and then
- Came George the fifth in nineteen ten;
- Ned the eighth soon abdicated
- Then George six was coronated;
- After which Elizabeth
- And that's all folks until her death.
A slightly shorter version that is sometimes used is:[1]
- Willie, Willie, Harry, Stee,
- Harry, Dick, John, Harry three;
- One two three Neds, Richard two,
- Harrys four five six, ... then who?
- Edwards four five, Dick the bad,
- Harrys (twain),VII VIII Ned six (the lad);
- Mary, Bessie, James you ken,
- Then Charlie, Charlie, James again;
- Will and Mary, Anna Gloria,
- Georges four,I II III IV Will four, Victoria;
- Edward seven, George and Ted,
- George the sixth, now Liz instead.
These lists omit several disputed monarchs (including Empress Matilda, Henry the Young King, Louis VIII of France, Philip II of Spain and Lady Jane Grey), and do not mention the Commonwealth of England.
Both of these versions were written before the death of Elizabeth II in 2022. The current monarch is Charles III, the successor to Elizabeth II.
Published versions
Alan Bennett quotes and adapts the verse in his 1968 play Forty Years On. The scene with the verse is set during the Second World War, before the accession of Elizabeth II, and Bennett's version stops at Victoria.[2]
The 1991 film King Ralph includes a brief section of the verse.
The Monarchs' Song from the TV series Horrible Histories lists the monarchs of England and has some phrases in common with the traditional verse.[3] The original version was released in 2011 which stopped at Elizabeth II with the verse "And Queen Liz two completes the mix!". An updated version was released on May 2, 2023 (four days before the coronation), adding the verse "Not quite. Now there's me, Charles three!".[4]
Anglo-Saxon kings
The mnemonic traditionally begins with William the Conqueror, ignoring the Kings of Wessex and Anglo-Saxon kings of England who preceded him. The a cappella group The King's Singers produced a version in their song "A Rough Guide to the Royal Succession":
- Edwy, Edgar, martyred Ned,
- Never-ready Ethelred.
- Edmund Ironside and Sweyn,
- And after them Canute the Dane.
- Harold, Hardi and then through
- Confessing Ned to Harold Two.[5]
Mnemonic for royal houses
A different mnemonic is used to remember the sequence of English and British royal houses or dynasties.
- No Plan Like Yours To Study History Wisely[6]
The initial letters of which give the royal houses:
This list of royal houses differs from the views of many historians. For example, Lancaster and York are considered cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet, and the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha was renamed as Windsor in 1917.
See also
References
- 1 2 "Monarchs of Britain". Britannia. Archived from the original on 18 January 2019.
- ↑ Bennett, Alan (4 September 2008). Alan Bennett Plays 1: Forty Years On, Getting On, Habeas Corpus and Enjoy. Faber & Faber. pp. 32–33. ISBN 978-0-571-24686-1. The play was first produced in 1968.
- ↑ "Horrible Histories Songs". BBC. Retrieved 14 June 2019.
- ↑ "Sing The Monarchs Song - Charles III remix". CBBC. Retrieved 15 June 2023.
- ↑ "Mnemonic version for Saxon kings". ask.metafilter.com.
- ↑ Pauk, Walter; Owens, Ross J. Q. (2013). How to Study in College. Cengage. p. 246. ISBN 9781285632889.