The Eurovision Song Contest is an annual international song competition, held every year by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) since 1956. This page is a list of people who have acted as presenters of the contest.
Since 1988, it has been the norm to have at least two presenters for the contest. All contests before 1978, while only three after 1988 (i.e. the 1993, 1995 and 2013 contests), have had one presenter. The 1999 contest was the first to feature three presenters, a method that has been used most often since 2010. The contests from 2018 to 2021 all had four presenters each.
Katie Boyle holds the record for the highest number of contests hosted, with four editions (in 1960, 1963, 1968 and 1974).[1]
Presenters
Green room hosts
Year | Presenter(s) | Ref |
---|---|---|
1976 | Hans van Willigenburg | |
1980 | ||
2002 | Tiina Kimmel and Kirke Ert | |
2003 | Ilze Jaunalksne and Dīvs Reiznieks | |
2004 | Sertab Erener (final) | |
2005 | Ruslana and Wladimir Klitschko (final) | |
2007 | Krisse Salminen (final) | |
2008 | Kristina Radenković and Branislav Katić | |
2009 | Dmitry Shepelev | [70] |
2013 | Eric Saade (final) | [71] |
2015 | Conchita Wurst | |
2017 | Timur Miroshnychenko | |
2018 | Filomena Cautela | [72] |
Online host
Year | Presenter(s) | Ref |
---|---|---|
2020 | Nikkie de Jager | [73] |
2021 | Nikkie de Jager | [74] |
Special events
Year | Event | Presenter(s) | Ref |
---|---|---|---|
1981 | Songs of Europe | Rolf Kirkvaag and Titten Tei | [75] |
1993 | Kvalifikacija za Millstreet | Tajda Lekše | [76][77] |
2005 | Congratulations: 50 Years of the Eurovision Song Contest | Katrina Leskanich and Renārs Kaupers | [78] |
2015 | Eurovision Song Contest's Greatest Hits | Petra Mede and Graham Norton | [79] |
2020 | Eurovision: Europe Shine a Light | Chantal Janzen, Edsilia Rombley and Jan Smit | [80] |
Presenters born outside the host country
- Katie Boyle, born in Florence, Italy to an Italian-Russian father and a British-Australian mother
- Mireille Delannoy, born in France
- Helga Guitton, born in Königsberg, East Prussia, Germany (now Kaliningrad, Russia)[81]
- Léon Zitrone, born in Petrograd, Russian Empire (now Saint Petersburg, Russia)
- Lill Lindfors, born in Helsinki, Finland
- Åse Kleveland, born in Stockholm, Sweden to a Norwegian father and a Swedish mother
- Viktor Lazlo, born in Lorient, France
- Fionnuala Sweeney, born in Belfast, United Kingdom
- Ulrika Jonsson, born in Sollentuna, Sweden
- Terry Wogan, born in Limerick, Ireland
- Maria Menounos, born in Medford, Massachusetts, United States to Greek parents
- Nadia Hasnaoui, born in Morocco to a Moroccan father and a Norwegian mother
- Anke Engelke, born in Montréal, Quebec, Canada to German parents
- Katrina Leskanich, born in Topeka, Kansas, United States
- Graham Norton, born in Clondalkin, Ireland
- Daniela Ruah, born in Boston, Massachusetts, United States to Portuguese parents
- Mika, born in Beirut, Lebanon
- Julia Sanina, born in Kyiv, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union (now Ukraine)
Presenters who had formerly competed at Eurovision
- Corry Brokken, winner of the 1957 contest for the Netherlands, also represented the country in 1956 and 1958
- Yardena Arazi, represented Israel in 1976 as part of Chocolate, Menta, Mastik and 1988
- Lill Lindfors, represented Sweden in 1966 alongside Svante Thuresson
- Åse Kleveland, represented Norway in 1966
- Gigliola Cinquetti, winner of the 1964 contest and runner-up of the 1974 contest for Italy
- Toto Cutugno, winner of the 1990 contest for Italy
- Dafna Dekel, represented Israel in 1992
- Katrina Leskanich, winner of the 1997 contest for the United Kingdom as part of Katrina and the Waves
- Renārs Kaupers, represented Latvia in 2000 as part of Brainstorm
- Marie N, winner of the 2002 contest for Latvia
- Sakis Rouvas, represented Greece in 2004 and 2009
- Željko Joksimović, represented Serbia and Montenegro in 2004 alongside the Ad Hoc Orchestra, and Serbia in 2012
- Alsou, represented Russia in 2000
- Stefan Raab, represented Germany in 2000
- Eldar Gasimov, winner of the 2011 contest for Azerbaijan
- Måns Zelmerlöw, winner of the 2015 contest for Sweden
- Edsilia Rombley, represented the Netherlands in 1998 and 2007
Presenters who resigned
- Chaim Topol (1979)[82]
- Rene Medvešek and Dubravka Marković (1990)
- Alison Doody (1995)[83]
- Ruslana, winner of the 2004 contest (2005)[84]
- Yana Churikova (2009)[85]
Presenters' costume designers
Year | Costume designers | Ref. |
---|---|---|
1969 | Carmen Mir | |
1984 | Thomas Heurich | |
1987 | Thierry Mugler | |
2001 | Isabell Kristensen | |
2002 | Aarne Niit and Katrin Kuldma | |
2007 | Erika Turunen | |
2013 | Jean-Paul Gaultier | |
2014 | Ole Yde | |
2015 | Ariane Rhomberg | |
2016 | Lars Wallin, Ida Lanto and Valerie Aflalo | |
2017 | Luvi, Indposhiv, Lake Studio and Burenina | |
2019 | Alon Livne, Galia Lahav, Vivi Bellaish, Inbal Dror and Dana Harel | |
2020 | Diek Pothoven | |
2021 | Diek Pothoven | |
2022 | Pierpaolo Piccioli, Alberta Ferretti, Rebecca Baglini, Alessandro Vigilante, Giorgio Armani and Donatella Versace |
Running order and allocation draw presenters
Prior to each year's contest, a series of draws have been held to determine differing facets of the contest's production, which typically are presided over by one or more presenters. Historically, a random drawing of lots was held prior to each year's contest to determine the order in which participating countries would perform in the final, and since 2004 in the semi-finals; this was abolished in 2013, when the running order began to be determined by the contest producers.[102]
A semi-final allocation draw has been held since 2008, to determine which countries perform in which of the two semi-finals, as well as in which semi-final the automatic finalists have voting rights. The semi-finalist countries are divided into pots based on historical voting patterns, and countries in each pot are then split equally between the two semi-finals.[103] During this draw, the countries are also assigned to perform in either the first or second half of the show; the exact running order is then determined at a later date.[104]
Opening Ceremony presenters
Year | Presenter(s) | Ref |
---|---|---|
2006 | Zeta Makrypoulia and Giorgos Kapoutzidis | [133] |
2012 | Leyla Aliyeva and Nargiz Birk-Petersen | [134] |
2013 | Pernilla Månsson Colt and Kodjo Akolor | [135] |
2014 | Bryan Rice, Abdel Aziz Mahmoud, Ulla Essendrop and Peter Falktoft | [136] |
2015 | Kati Bellowitsch and Andi Knoll | [137] |
2016 | Jovan Radomir and Catarina Rolfsdotter-Jansson | [138] |
2017 | Tetyana Terekhova, Slava Varda, Andriy Kishe, Amy Grace, Neyba Traore, Hanna Butkevych and Andriy Dzhedzhula | [139] |
2018 | Cláudia Semedo, Inês Lopes Goncalves, Pedro Granger and Pedro Penim | [140] |
2019 | Noa Tishby, Shani Nachshoni, Leon Rosenberg and Nadav Abukasis | [141] |
2021[lower-alpha 2] | Koos van Plateringen and Fenna Ramos | [143] |
2022 | Gabriele Corsi, Carolina Di Domenico, Mario Acampa and Laura Carusino | [144] |
2023 | Timur Miroshnychenko and Sam Quek[lower-alpha 3] | [146] |
Gallery
- 1960, 1963, 1968 and 1974 hostess: Katie Boyle
- 1979 hostess: Yardena Arazi
- 1983 hostess: Marlene Charell
- 1994 host: Gerry Ryan, pictured in March 2010, one month before his death
- 2000 hostess: Kattis Ahlström
- 2003 host: Renārs Kaupers
- 2006 hostess: Maria Menounos
- 2007 hosts: Jaana Pelkonen and Mikko Leppilampi
- 2008 hosts: Jovana Janković and Željko Joksimović
- 2016 hosts: Måns Zelmerlöw and Petra Mede
See also
Notes and references
Notes
- ↑ The semi-final allocation draw for the cancelled 2020 contest was retained for the 2021 contest.[128]
- ↑ No Opening Ceremony event was held in 2021 due to COVID-19 restrictions, only the "Turquoise Carpet" event was held.[142]
- ↑ Richie Anderson provided off-screen commentary for the "Turquoise Carpet" event.[145]
References
- ↑ "Katie Boyle, iconic Eurovision Song Contest host, dies at 91". Eurovision.tv. EBU. 21 March 2018. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Lugano 1956". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Frankfurt 1957". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Hilversum 1958". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Cannes 1959". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: London 1960". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Cannes 1961". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Luxembourg 1962". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: London 1963". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Copenhagen 1964". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Naples 1965". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Luxembourg 1966". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Vienna 1967". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: London 1968". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Madrid 1969". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Amsterdam 1970". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Dublin 1971". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Edinburgh 1972". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Luxembourg 1973". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Brighton 1974". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Stockholm 1975". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: The Hague 1976". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: London 1977". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Paris 1978". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Jerusalem 1979". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: The Hague 1980". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Dublin 1981". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Harrogate 1982". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Munich 1983". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Luxembourg 1984". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Gothenburg 1985". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Bergen 1986". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Brussels 1987". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Dublin 1988". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Lausanne 1989". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Zagreb 1990". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Rome 1991". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Malmö 1992". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Millstreet 1993". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Dublin 1994". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Dublin 1995". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Oslo 1996". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Dublin 1997". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Birmingham 1998". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Jerusalem 1999". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Stockholm 2000". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Copenhagen 2001". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Tallinn 2002". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Riga 2003". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Istanbul 2004". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Kyiv 2005". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Athens 2006". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Helsinki 2007". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Belgrade 2008". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Moscow 2009". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Oslo 2010". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Düsseldorf 2011". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Baku 2012". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Malmö 2013". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Copenhagen 2014". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Vienna 2015". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Stockholm 2016". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Kyiv 2017". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Lisbon 2018". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Tel Aviv 2019". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Rotterdam 2020". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Rotterdam 2021". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Turin 2022". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest: Liverpool 2023". eurovision.tv. Retrieved 2022-12-10.
- ↑ ""Good evening Vienna" - Voting order revealed". eurovision.tv. 23 May 2015. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- ↑ Bokholm, Mirja (8 May 2013). "Eric Saade blir greenroomvärd under Eurovisionfinalen" [Eric Saade gets green room host the Eurovision finals] (in Swedish). Sveriges Television. Retrieved 8 May 2013.
- ↑ Granger, Anthony (4 May 2018). "Eurovision'18: Filomena Cautela Revealed as Green Room Host". eurovoix.com. Eurovoix. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
- ↑ "NikkieTutorials online presenter of Eurovision 2020". Eurovision.tv. 2020-02-10. Retrieved 2021-04-29.
- ↑ "NikkieTutorials covers glitter, glamour and gossip in new show". Eurovision.tv. 2021-04-23. Retrieved 2021-04-29.
- ↑ "Nasjonalbiblioteket". www.nb.no.
- ↑ Roxburgh 2020, p. 135.
- ↑ Kvalifikacija za Millstreet (Television programme) (in English and Slovenian). Ljubljana, Slovenia: Radiotelevizija Slovenija. 3 April 1993.
- ↑ Bakker, Sietse (9 September 2005). "Congratulations hosted by Katrina & Renars". ESCToday.com.
- ↑ Martinsson, Anders. "Petra Mede aktuell för Eurovision-jubileum" [Petra Mede current Eurovision anniversary] (in Swedish). Göteborgs Posten. Archived from the original on 20 December 2015. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
- ↑ "European Broadcasting Union Announces 'Eurovision: Europe Shine a Light'". Eurovoix. 31 March 2020. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
- ↑ de:Helga Guitton
- ↑ "דניאל פאר - במקום טופול _ בין מנחי האירויויזיון". Retrieved 2 October 2017.
- ↑ "The Eurovision Song Contest (1995)". Retrieved 2 October 2017 – via www.imdb.com.
- ↑ Bakker, Sietse (2005-05-04). "Ruslana resigns as host". ESCToday. Retrieved 2010-01-27.
- ↑ "Moscow Kicks Off Preparations for Eurovision". Archived from the original on 2008-12-24. Retrieved 2017-10-02.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ↑ Parga, Mónica (February 2, 2019). "Carmen Mir, the designer forgotten by history who had 200 employees". Vanity Fair (in Spanish).
- ↑ Nosbusch, Désirée (2022). Endlich noch nicht angekommen (in German). Berlin: Ullstein. pp. 145–146. ISBN 978-3-550-20173-8. OCLC 1309970351.
- ↑ "Throwback Thursday: 1987". eurovision.tv. August 10, 2017.
- ↑ "Lauritz.com - Isabell Kristensen haute couture. Danish TV presenter Natasja Crone's Eurovision Song Contest dress". www.lauritz.com.
- ↑ "Eurovision Niit and Kuldma will design the hosts' clothes - ESCToday.com". March 18, 2002.
- ↑ "Erika Turunen".
- ↑ "Eurovision host to wear Gaultier dress in Final". eurovision.tv. April 10, 2013.
- ↑ "Ole Yde designs the presenter's dresses". eurovision.tv. May 1, 2014.
- ↑ "Haute Couture for the Hosts". eurovision.tv. May 13, 2015.
- ↑ "Eurovision 2016: Details of Petra Mede's costumes announced". esctoday.com. May 2, 2016.
- ↑ "Eurovision Eurovision 2017: Fashion designers for hosts' outfits announced". esctoday.com. April 6, 2017.
- ↑ "From Netta Barzilai to Lucy Ayoub: This is what we learned about the fashion of Eurovision 2019". Xnet (in Hebrew). May 19, 2019.
- ↑ "Rotterdam's Head of Fashion is Diek Pothoven". Eurovision.tv. 2020-01-07. Retrieved 2021-03-25.
- ↑ Slapen, Nooit Meer. "Hoofdstylist Eurovisie Songfestival: 'Geen presentatoren in bruidsjurken dit jaar, we gaan iedereen verrassen'". NPO Radio 1 (in Dutch). Retrieved 2021-03-25.
- ↑ "Welcome to Laura Pausini's Eurovision, a High Fashion Triathlon". Highsnobiety. 2022-05-16. Retrieved 2022-08-12.
- ↑ "Eurovision Song Contest 2022, i look dei conduttori alla conferenza stampa". Vanity Fair Italia (in Italian). 2022-05-10. Retrieved 2022-08-12.
- ↑ "Running order Malmö 2013 to be determined by producers". Eurovision.tv. 7 November 2012. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- ↑ "Semi-Final Allocation Draw". Eurovision.tv. 14 January 2017. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- 1 2 "Which country performs in which Eurovision 2020 Semi-Final?". Eurovision.tv. 28 January 2020. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- ↑ Roxburgh 2020, pp. 96–97.
- ↑ Harding, Peter (December 1992). "Linda Martin and Pat Kenny (1992)". RTÉ Libraries and Archives.
- ↑ "RTÉ Archives". stillslibrary.rte.ie. 5 July 2012. Archived from the original on 9 January 2019. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
- ↑ Roxburgh 2020, p. 168.
- ↑ "Akg-images -".
- ↑ Foley, Michael (29 November 1996). "RTE warms up for next Eurovision". The Irish Times. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- ↑ "Sir Terry Wogan: A memory or two". Escgo.com. 1 February 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
- ↑ Roxburgh 2020, p. 325.
- ↑ "Google Groups". groups.google.com. 2 May 1999. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- ↑ "Eurovision The draw: watch the video !". ESCToday. 9 November 2001. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
- ↑ Bakker, Sietse (28 November 2002). "Draw to be made public Friday 17:00 CET". ESCToday.com. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
- ↑ "Eurovision Draw for running order starts at 13:00 CET". ESCToday. 23 March 2004. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
- ↑ Bakker, Sietse (March 21, 2006). "Running order decided!". EscToday.
- ↑ "Results of the Eurovision-2010 Semi-Final allocation draw". Today.az. 7 February 2010. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- ↑ "Head Of Delegation meeting - Draw 2011". Eurovision.tv. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- ↑ "Results of the Semi-Final allocation draw". Eurovision.tv. 25 January 2012. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- ↑ "Draw results: Who's in which Semi-Final?". Eurovision.tv. 17 January 2013. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- ↑ "Allocation Draw results: Who's in which Semi-Final?". Eurovision.tv. 20 January 2014. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- ↑ "Allocation Draw results: Who's in which Semi-Final?". Eurovision.tv. 26 January 2015. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- ↑ Jordan, Paul (26 January 2016). "Today: The Semi-Final Allocation Draw". Eurovision.tv. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- ↑ Jiandani, Sergio (13 February 2017). "Ukraine: Eurovision starts in Kyiv! The countdown begins…". esctoday.com. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- ↑ Jordan, Paul (29 January 2018). "Which countries will perform in which Semi-Final at Eurovision 2018?". Eurovision.tv. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- ↑ "Eurovision 2019: Which country takes part in which Semi-Final?". Eurovision.tv. 28 January 2019. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- 1 2 "2020 Semi-Final line-up to stay for 2021". Eurovision.tv. 17 November 2020. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- ↑ "Semi-Final Allocation Draw: Pots, Palaces and Participants". Eurovision.tv. EBU. 2022-01-18. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ↑ Lombardini, Emanuele (2022-01-24). "Eurovision 2022, Allocation Draw: ci sarà Mario Acampa con Carolina Di Domenico". Eurofestival News (in Italian). Retrieved 2022-01-24.
- ↑ "Eurovision 2023: AJ & Rylan to host Allocation Draw". Eurovision.tv. EBU. 10 January 2023. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
- ↑ "Details released for 'Eurovision Song Contest 2024: The Draw'". Eurovision.tv. EBU. 2023-12-21. Retrieved 2023-12-21.
- ↑ "Athens : Preparations". EscKAZ. May 19, 2012.
Referring to commentators Giorgos Kapoutzidis and Zeta Makrypoulia, it was announced that they will host 10 shows on Eurovision, as well as the national final and the welcoming party for all the foreign delegations.
- ↑ ""Eurovision - 2012" opening ceremony held in Baku (UPDATE)(PHOTO)". Trend.Az. May 19, 2012.
- ↑ "Welcome party at Malmö Opera". eurovision.tv. May 13, 2013.
- ↑ "Red Carpet Opening Ceremony". eurovision.tv. May 4, 2014.
- ↑ "Eurovision Eurovision 2015: Kati Bellowitsch and Andi Knoll; pivotal roles in the contest - ESCToday.com". January 25, 2015.
- ↑ "50 presskonferenser i Eurovision för Catarina Rolfsdotter-Jansson". May 10, 2016.
- ↑ "Eurovision Red Carpet and Opening Ceremony starts in Kyiv". www.ukrinform.net.
- ↑ "Eurovision 2018: They will host the Blue Carpet!". eurovision.tv. April 23, 2018.
- ↑ "Tel Aviv glams up for the Eurovision 2019 Opening Ceremony". eurovision.tv. May 13, 2019.
- ↑ "Hollanti haluaa näyttää, että iso tapahtuma voidaan järjestää turvallisesti – Euroviisuissa lähes kaikki on toisin kuin ennen" [The Netherlands wants to show that a big event can be held safely – in Eurovision almost everything is different than before]. Yle Uutiset (in Finnish). 16 May 2021. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
- ↑ "Sunday: The Turquoise Carpet Live". Eurovision.tv. 2021-05-13. Retrieved 2021-05-13.
- ↑ "Eurovision Opening Ceremony & Turquoise Carpet: Live from Venaria Reale!". Eurovision.tv. 2022-05-06. Retrieved 2022-05-06.
- ↑ Lombardini, Emanuele (2023-05-07). "Eurovision 2023: lustrini, strascichi, eccessi e storie nel Turquoise Carpet. Il racconto live". Eurofestival News (in Italian). Retrieved 2023-05-08.
- ↑ "Meet our Eurovision 2023 family!". BBC. 2023-02-22. Retrieved 2023-02-22.
Further reading
- Roxburgh, Gordon (2020). Songs for Europe: The United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest. Vol. Four: The 1990s. Prestatyn: Telos Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84583-163-9.